RNase T1 mimicking artificial ribonuclease

Recently, artificial ribonucleases (aRNases)—conjugates of oligodeoxyribonucleotides and peptide (LR)4-G-amide—were designed and assessed in terms of the activity and specificity of RNA cleavage. The conjugates were shown to cleave RNA at Pyr-A and G–X sequences. Variations of oligonucleotide length and sequence, peptide and linker structure led to the development of conjugates exhibiting G–X cleavage specificity only. The most efficient catalyst is built of nonadeoxyribonucleotide of unique sequence and peptide (LR)4-G-NH2 connected by the linker of three abasic deoxyribonucleotides (conjugate pep-9). Investigation of the cleavage specificity of conjugate pep-9 showed that the compound is the first single-stranded guanine-specific aRNase, which mimics RNase T1. Rate enhancement of RNA cleavage at G–X linkages catalysed by pep-9 is 108 compared to non-catalysed reaction, pep-9 cleaves these linkages only 105-fold less efficiently than RNase T1 (kcat_RNase T1/kcat_pep-9 = 105)

Selecting the management strategy by the enterprise of housing and communal services sector under conditions of climatic uncertainty

© Petra Vrbova, Vaclav Cempirek, Jiri Alina, 2016.The article analyzes one of the actual problems of housing and communal services sector associated with selecting the strategy for sustainable development of the industry under the uncertainty of external environment due to climatic factors. The choice of effective management strategy under uncertainty can be based on the analysis and comparison of expected returns and standard deviation values of the alternative strategies. The author proves that uncertainty may be an important condition for the transition of housing and communal services enterprises to the higher level of development. This transition under uncertainty can be accomplished through the implementation of management strategies based on new targets-attractors: from managerial innovations-to techni-cal and technological innovations-to innovations in service technologies-then to qualitative transformation of the environment

Graphite flake cast iron surface hardening

The influence of the operating parameters of electric arc heat treatment of the surface layer of graphite flake cast iron type CП-61 on the structure, microhardness of structural components and the size of the hardening zone is studied. It is shown that controlling the arc power, its speed and the degree of overlap of local hardening zones allows purposefully forming modified structural States with properties most suitable for specific operating conditions in the surface working layer of cast iron. Overlapping of local hardening zones allows purposefully forming modified structures with suitable properties for specific operating conditions in the surface working layer of cast iron rolls. According to the research results, regularities of formation of the structure and phase composition and properties of the surface layer of cast iron type CП-61 under the influence of electric arc heat treatment were obtained. Control of parameters of the processing mode (power and speed of the arc, the degree of overlap of local hardening zones) allows you to purposefully form modified structures with suitable properties for specific operating conditions in the surface working layer of cast iron. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd

Plasma hardening of corrosion-resistant steel

The structure, phase composition and hardness of a 20X13 steel coating treated with two consecutive passes of a plasma arc are studied. It is shown that plasma treatment makes it possible to obtain martensite with a significant (30-50 %) share of permanent austenite in the structure of the local hardening zone. In this case, the hardness of the heat-strengthened blanket is 650-700 HB. The total depth of the local hardening zone with the modified structure reaches one millimeter. The study shows that a homogeneous structure with periodically changing phase composition and hardness develops in the surface layer of 20X13 steel, heat-treated plasma arc. in this case, the plasma arc must pass sequentially with a certain degree of overlap of local quenching zones. It is obvious that by adjusting the parameters of the processing conditions (the current of the plasma arc, the speed of its movement, the degree of overlap of local quenching zones), it is possible to purposefully form a certain structural-phase state of the surface layer with properties that best meet the operating conditions. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd

O conceito de criação de territórios de desenvolvimento socioeconômico avançado

The article is devoted to the development of the concept of creation and functioning of the advanced socio-economic development territories. The relevance of the study is due to the need to develop the theoretical aspects of creating a new development institution in view of the lack of consensus between theorists and practitioners regarding both the need for a special form of a special territory and the mechanisms for achieving the goals. The hypothesis of the study is that the space of basic features, within which the formation of the advanced socio-economic development territories should be considered, can be structured on the basis of the dichotomous method.On the basis of diagnostics of indicators (2011-2016) of the socio-economic development of monocities and Far Eastern territories that have received the status of territories with a special mode of introducing entrepreneurial activity, and analysis of Russian legislation, national and foreign experience of territorial development, the authors constructed a problematic field for the creation of advanced socio-economic development in the form of a system of basic variables. The proposed conceptual model is designed to focus attention on the elaboration of the theoretical foundation for the creation of advanced socio-economic development territories, to limit and rationally optimize the process of their creation and functioning so that the government officials receive an effective mechanism for structuring the main stages of the state project implementation on creating a territory with a special introduction mode of business activities.El artículo está dedicado al desarrollo del concepto de creación y funcionamiento de los territorios de desarrollo socioeconómico avanzado. La relevancia del estudio se debe a la necesidad de desarrollar los aspectos teóricos de la creación de una nueva institución de desarrollo en vista de la falta de consenso entre los teóricos y los profesionales con respecto a la necesidad de una forma especial de territorio especial y los mecanismos para lograr las metas. La hipótesis del estudio es que el espacio de características básicas, dentro del cual debe considerarse la formación de territorios de desarrollo socioeconómico avanzado, puede estructurarse sobre la base del método dicotómico.Sobre la base del diagnóstico de los indicadores (2011-2016) del desarrollo socioeconómico de las ciudades y territorios del Lejano Oriente que han recibido el estatus de territorios con un modo especial de introducción de actividades empresariales, y análisis de la legislación rusa, experiencia nacional y extranjera. De desarrollo territorial, los autores construyeron un campo problemático para la creación de un desarrollo socioeconómico avanzado en forma de un sistema de variables básicas. El modelo conceptual propuesto está diseñado para centrar la atención en la elaboración de los fundamentos teóricos para la creación de territorios de desarrollo socioeconómico avanzado, para limitar y optimizar racionalmente el proceso de su creación y funcionamiento para que los funcionarios del gobierno reciban un mecanismo eficaz para estructurar las etapas principales de la implementación del proyecto estatal para crear un territorio con un modo especial de introducción de actividades comerciales.O artigo é dedicado ao desenvolvimento do conceito de criação e funcionamento dos territórios avançados de desenvolvimento socioeconômico. A relevância do estudo deve-se à necessidade de desenvolver os aspectos teóricos da criação de uma nova instituição de desenvolvimento, tendo em vista a falta de consenso entre teóricos e profissionais sobre a necessidade de uma forma especial de território especial e os mecanismos para alcançar a objetivos. A hipótese do estudo é que o espaço das características básicas, dentro do qual a formação dos territórios avançados de desenvolvimento socioeconômico deve ser considerado, pode ser estruturado com base no método dicotômico.Com base no diagnóstico de indicadores (2011-2016) do desenvolvimento socioeconômico de monocidades e territórios do Extremo Oriente que receberam o status de territórios com um modo especial de introduzir a atividade empreendedora, e análise da legislação russa, experiência nacional e estrangeira do desenvolvimento territorial, os autores construíram um campo problemático para a criação de desenvolvimento socioeconômico avançado na forma de um sistema de variáveis básicas. O modelo conceitual proposto visa chamar a atenção para a elaboração dos fundamentos teóricos para a criação de territórios avançados de desenvolvimento socioeconômico, para limitar e racionalizar o processo de sua criação e funcionamento, para que os funcionários públicos recebam um mecanismo efetivo de estruturação. as principais etapas da implementação do projeto estadual na criação de um território com um modo especial de introdução de atividades empresariais