State funds

This thesis is focused on financing of public goods through state funds, especially on the State Fund for Transport Infrastructure. The work consists of a general part, which is divided into three chapters focused on state funds, and special part, which is divided into two chapters focused on the State Fund for Transport Infrastructure. The first chapter of the general part at the beginning explains the terms of the budget and the budgetary system, and then presents the budgetary system of the Czech Republic. The second part deals with the term of fund management and explains setting of public funds system in the CzechRepublic. The second chapter of the general part deals with the general characteristics of state funds. At the beginning discusses the benefits of financing through state funds, then provides a brief overview of the history of state funds in the Czech Republic and at the end discusses the common characteristics and differences of the budgetary process and organizational structure of state funds. The third chapter of the general part is concerned on revenues and expenditures of state funds. The first subpart at the beginning compares the legal regulation of revenues and expenditures of state funds, then derives a typology of revenues and expenses and finally classifies legal categories..

Additional file 1 of A randomised controlled trial of acceptance and commitment therapy plus usual care compared to usual care alone for improving psychological health in people with motor neuron disease (COMMEND): study protocol

Additional file 1. WHO Trial Registration Data Set

Additional file 2 of A randomised controlled trial of acceptance and commitment therapy plus usual care compared to usual care alone for improving psychological health in people with motor neuron disease (COMMEND): study protocol

Additional file 2. Template for intervention description and replication (TIDieR) checklist

Additional file 3 of A randomised controlled trial of acceptance and commitment therapy plus usual care compared to usual care alone for improving psychological health in people with motor neuron disease (COMMEND): study protocol

Additional file 3. Outline of the ACT intervention adapted for plwMND

Additional file 4 of A randomised controlled trial of acceptance and commitment therapy plus usual care compared to usual care alone for improving psychological health in people with motor neuron disease (COMMEND): study protocol

Additional file 4. Example consent form

STructured lifestyle education for people WIth SchizophrEnia (STEPWISE): mixed methods process evaluation of a group-based lifestyle education programme to support weight loss in people with schizophrenia

BackgroundSTEPWISE is a theory-informed self-management education programme that was co-produced with service users, healthcare professionals and interventionists to support weight loss for people with schizophrenia. We report the process evaluation to inform understanding about the intervention and its effectiveness in a randomised controlled trial (RCT) that evaluated its efficacy.MethodsFollowing the UK Medical Research Council (MRC) Guidelines for developing and evaluating complex interventions, we explored implementation quality. We considered causal mechanisms, unanticipated consequences and contextual factors associated with variation in actual and intended outcomes, and integrated treatment fidelity, using the programme theory and a pipeline logic model.We followed a modified version of Linnan and Steckler’s framework and single case design. Qualitative data from semi-structured telephone interviews with service-users (n = 24), healthcare professionals delivering the intervention (n = 20) and interventionists (n = 7) were triangulated with quantitative process and RCT outcome data and with observations by interventionists, to examine convergence within logic model components.ResultsTraining and course materials were available although lacked co-ordination in some trusts. Healthcare professionals gained knowledge and some contemplated changing their practice to reflect the (facilitative) ‘style’ of delivery. They were often responsible for administrative activities increasing the burden of delivery. Healthcare professionals recognised the need to address antipsychotic-induced weight gain and reported potential value from the intervention (subject to the RCT results). However, some doubted senior management commitment and sustainability post-trial.Service-users found the intervention highly acceptable, especially being in a group of people with similar experiences. Service-users perceived weight loss and lifestyle benefits; however, session attendance varied with 23% (n = 47) attending all group-sessions and 17% (n = 36) attending none. Service-users who lost weight wanted closer monitoring and many healthcare professionals wanted to monitor outcomes (e.g. weight) but it was outside the intervention design. No clinical or cost benefit was demonstrated from the intermediate outcomes (RCT) and any changes in RCT outcomes were not due to the intervention.ConclusionsThis process evaluation provides a greater understanding of why STEPWISE was unsuccessful in promoting weight loss during the clinical trial. Further research is required to evaluate whether different levels of contact and objective monitoring can support people with schizophrenia to lose weight.</h3