Análise de abordagens metodológicas para o gerenciamento de projetos

The interest to the project management that appeared several years ago has made it surely the most mentioned and widely known tool of management. In many ways it has happened due to set of regulatory documents of the RF Government that establishes arrangement procedure of project activities, organization chart of management system, initialization stages, preparation stages, implementation stages, monitoring and priority project accomplishment stages and others. State governments in the Russian Federation were recommended to organize project activity at their level. Taking into account that the number of employees of governmental authorities and municipal authorities at the end of 2016 was 31.8 people per 1000 people active in economy or about 1 million of people in absolute terms, target audience amount who is interested in project management methods study is quite remarkable. However, regulatory documents offered by the RF Government do not contain methodological description of project management basis and verification of its advantages in comparison with other management tools and contain the aggregation of best practice in the sphere of project management. The responses to the mentioned questions were covered fragmentarily in the scientific-practical literature; the main focus is on the analysis of strategic tools and project management methods and not on basic management philosophy.El interés de la dirección del proyecto que apareció hace varios años lo ha convertido seguramente en la herramienta de gestión más mencionada y ampliamente conocida. En muchos sentidos ha sucedido debido al conjunto de documentos normativos del gobierno de RF que establece el procedimiento de acuerdo de las actividades del proyecto, organigrama del sistema de gestión, etapas de inicialización, etapas de preparación, etapas de implementación, etapas de seguimiento y cumplimiento del proyecto prioritario y otros. Se recomendó a los gobiernos estatales de la Federación de Rusia que organizaran actividades de proyectos en su nivel. Teniendo en cuenta que el número de empleados de las autoridades gubernamentales y autoridades municipales a fines de 2016 era de 31.8 personas por cada 1000 personas activas en economía o alrededor de 1 millón de personas en términos absolutos, el monto objetivo de la audiencia que está interesado en el estudio de métodos de gestión de proyectos es bastante notable. Sin embargo, los documentos normativos ofrecidos por el Gobierno de RF no contienen una descripción metodológica de la gestión del proyecto y la verificación de sus ventajas en comparación con otras herramientas de gestión y contienen la agregación de las mejores prácticas en el ámbito de la gestión de proyectos. Las respuestas a las preguntas mencionadas fueron cubiertas fragmentariamente en la literatura científico-práctica; el enfoque principal está en el análisis de herramientas estratégicas y métodos de gestión de proyectos y no en la filosofía de gestión básica.O interesse do gerenciamento de projetos que surgiu há vários anos certamente tornou a ferramenta de gerenciamento mais mencionada e amplamente conhecida. Em muitos aspectos, aconteceu devido ao conjunto de documentos normativos de RF governo que estabelecem o procedimento de acordo com as atividades do projeto, sistema organizacional de gestão, etapas de inicialização, fases de preparação, fases de implementação, monitoramento de palco e de conformidade do projeto prioritário e outros. Recomenda-se aos governos estaduais da Federação Russa que organizem as atividades do projeto em seu nível. Dado que o número de funcionários das autoridades governamentais e autoridades locais no final de 2016 foi de 31,8 pessoas por 1000 pessoas activas na economia ou cerca de 1 milhão de pessoas em termos absolutos, o propósito do montante audição você está interessado No estudo de métodos de gerenciamento de projetos é bastante notável. No entanto, documentos regulamentares fornecidas pelo Governo RF não conter uma descrição metodológica da gestão de projectos e verificação de suas vantagens em comparação com outras ferramentas de gerenciamento e conter a agregação de melhores práticas no domínio da gestão projetos As respostas às questões mencionadas foram abordadas de forma fragmentada na literatura científico-prática; O foco principal está na análise de ferramentas e métodos estratégicos de gerenciamento de projetos e não na filosofia da gestão básica

Project management implementation in governing institutions of Russia: aims and results

The article views applied aspects of an important scientific problem - efficiency improvement of state management based on project management that allows solving complex tasks under the conditions of severe restrictions in time, financial and other resource

Mechanisms of secretion and spreading of pathological tau protein

Accumulation of misfolded and aggregated forms of tau protein in the brain is a neuropathological hallmark of tauopathies, such as Alzheimer’s disease and frontotemporal lobar degeneration. Tau aggregates have the ability to transfer from one cell to another and to induce templated misfolding and aggregation of healthy tau molecules in previously healthy cells, thereby propagating tau pathology across different brain areas in a prion-like manner. The molecular mechanisms involved in cell-to-cell transfer of tau aggregates are diverse, not mutually exclusive and only partially understood. Intracellular accumulation of misfolded tau induces several mechanisms that aim to reduce the cellular burden of aggregated proteins and also promote secretion of tau aggregates. However, tau may also be released from cells physiologically unrelated to protein aggregation. Tau secretion involves multiple vesicular and non-vesicle-mediated pathways, including secretion directly through the plasma membrane. Consequently, extracellular tau can be found in various forms, both as a free protein and in vesicles, such as exosomes and ectosomes. Once in the extracellular space, tau aggregates can be internalized by neighboring cells, both neurons and glial cells, via endocytic, pinocytic and phagocytic mechanisms. Importantly, accumulating evidence suggests that prion-like propagation of misfolding protein pathology could provide a general mechanism for disease progression in tauopathies and other related neurodegenerative diseases. Here, we review the recent literature on cellular mechanisms involved in cell-to-cell transfer of tau, with a particular focus in tau secretion.Peer reviewe

Análisis de los enfoques metodológicos para la gestión de proyectos

El interés de la dirección del proyecto que apareció hace varios años lo ha convertido seguramente en la herramienta de gestión más mencionada y ampliamente conocida. En muchos sentidos ha sucedido debido al conjunto de documentos normativos del gobierno de RF que establece el procedimiento de acuerdo de las actividades del proyecto, organigrama del sistema de gestión, etapas de inicialización, etapas de preparación, etapas de implementación, etapas de seguimiento y cumplimiento del proyecto prioritario y otros. Se recomendó a los gobiernos estatales de la Federación de Rusia que organizaran actividades de proyectos en su nivel. Teniendo en cuenta que el número de empleados de las autoridades gubernamentales y autoridades municipales a fines de 2016 era de 31.8 personas por cada 1000 personas activas en economía o alrededor de 1 millón de personas en términos absolutos, el monto objetivo de la audiencia que está interesado en el estudio de métodos de gestión de proyectos es bastante notable. Sin embargo, los documentos normativos ofrecidos por el Gobierno de RF no contienen una descripción metodológica de la gestión del proyecto y la verificación de sus ventajas en comparación con otras herramientas de gestión y contienen la agregación de las mejores prácticas en el ámbito de la gestión de proyectos. Las respuestas a las preguntas mencionadas fueron cubiertas fragmentariamente en la literatura científico-práctica; el enfoque principal está en el análisis de herramientas estratégicas y métodos de gestión de proyectos y no en la filosofía de gestión básica

Category of negation and its representation in language by the verbs of negativ semantics

The authors consider different approaches to the definition of the category of negation in philosophy, logic, linguistic. This article also considers the main strategies that languages use for solving the problem of expressing negation and analyses the interaction between the category of negation and negative seme of the English verb

Category of negation and its representation in language by the verbs of negativ semantics

The authors consider different approaches to the definition of the category of negation in philosophy, logic, linguistic. This article also considers the main strategies that languages use for solving the problem of expressing negation and analyses the interaction between the category of negation and negative seme of the English verb

Spectroscopic behavior of pyrrolanthrone and its derivative in aprotic and protic solvents

Recently synthesized pyrrolanthrone, naphtho[1,2,3-cd]indole-6(2H)-one (PyAn), and its water-soluble derivative, 3(naphtho[1,2,3-cd]indole-6(2H)-one-2-yl) sodium propylsulfonate, are very promising for anticancer therapy due to both the fluorescent and cytotoxic properties. The present study is focused on the spectroscopic analysis of solvent effects in PyAn and its derivative. An increase of the solvent polarity results in the bathochromic shift in emission and absorption spectra that indicates the involvement of ππ∗-type transition. The double linear correlation of Stokes shift with bulk solvent polarity functions (in terms of Lippert's, Bakhshiev's and Chamma-Viallet's models) and microscopic solvent polarity parameter E(30)T for aprotic and protic solvents is observed. Both general and specific solvent effects are revealed for the solute-solvent systems. Fluorescence quantum yield, fluorescence lifetime and excited-state dipole moment were defined for PyAn and its derivative in different solvents for the first time. The obtained information is of a great importance for the characterization of intermolecular interactions of drugs with biomolecules for the development of new drug delivery systems