32,103 research outputs found
Enforcing Intellectual Property Rights: A Methodology for Understanding the Enforcement Problem in China
[Excerpt] “Intellectual property rights are neither protected nor enforced in strict uniformity throughout the world. However, it can be said that in most developed countries, intellectual property is preciously guarded, as evidenced by a plethora of intellectual property statutes, penalties for infringement, and consistent attempts to convince less developed nations to adopt strong—or stronger—intellectual property protections. Despite continued vigilance by developed countries in bringing about increased international harmony among intellectual property regimes, some developing countries sustain questionable enforcement policies. What the driving force is behind intellectual property enforcement policies—or more appropriately, the lack thereof—is a matter of disagreement. In order to predict whether or not a country that is currently not enforcing its laws will enforce them in the future, it is undoubtedly necessary to understand the factors driving a country’s current enforcement policy. For instance, cultural, economic, or political factors, or a combination thereof, may result in stricter enforcement practices, while others may discourage or delay them.
Explanation and discovery in aerodynamics
The purpose of this paper is to discuss and clarify the explanations commonly
cited for the aerodynamic lift generated by a wing, and to then analyse, as a
case study of engineering discovery, the aerodynamic revolutions which have
taken place within Formula 1 in the past 40 years. The paper begins with an
introduction that provides a succinct summary of the mathematics of fluid
mechanics
New constraints and discovery potential of sub-GeV dark matter with xenon detectors
Existing xenon dark matter (DM) direct detection experiments can probe the
DM-nucleon interaction of DM with a sub-GeV mass through a search for photon
emission from the recoiling xenon atom. We show that LUX's constraints on
sub-GeV DM, which utilise the scintillation (S1) and ionisation (S2) signals,
are approximately three orders of magnitude more stringent than previous xenon
constraints in this mass range, derived from the XENON10 and XENON100 S2-only
searches. The new LUX constraints provide the most stringent direct detection
constraints for DM particles with a mass below 0.5 GeV. In addition, the photon
emission signal in LUX and its successor LZ maintain the discrimination between
background and signal events so that an unambiguous discovery of sub-GeV DM is
possible. We show that LZ has the potential to reconstruct the DM mass with 20%
accuracy for particles lighter than 0.5 GeV.Comment: v2: Updated to match journal version. Additional technical
information provided in appendices. 11 pages, 7 figure
Universe creation on a computer
The purpose of this paper is to provide an account of the epistemology and
metaphysics of universe creation on a computer
Derek Mahon: “Soul, song and formal necessity”
Zadanie pt. „Digitalizacja i udostępnienie w Cyfrowym Repozytorium Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego kolekcji czasopism naukowych wydawanych przez Uniwersytet Łódzki” nr 885/P-DUN/2014 dofinansowane zostało ze środków MNiSW w ramach działalności upowszechniającej nauk
How to create a universe
The purpose of this paper is (i) to expound the specification of a universe,
according to those parts of mathematical physics which have been experimentally
and observationally verified in our own universe; and (ii) to expound the
possible means of creating a universe in the laboratory
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