The Japanizing of a Chinese Hero and the Role of Koxinga in the Japanese Colonial Discourse

In this paper, I will examine the process of Japanizing (nihonka) by looking at a historic figure, who the Chinese, as well as the Japanese, have claimed to be a national hero. Zheng Chenggong (1624-1662) – today still known as Koxinga or Kokusenya [国姓 爺] – was a famous general of the Ming dynasty, born in Japan to a Chinese father and a Japanese mother. He played a major role among Chinese revolutionaries in the beginning of the 20th century, serving, namely, as a national hero

Turning Away from the Big Brother: China’s Search for Alternative Sources of Knowledge During the Sino-Soviet Split

In den ersten beiden Jahrzehnten der Volksrepublik China spielte die transnationale Wissenschaftszirkulation eine wichtige Rolle beim sozialistischen Wiederaufbau des Landes. In diesem Zusammenhang wurde die Modernisierung durch die Übersetzung und Weitergabe von sowjetischem Wissen vorangetrieben, insbesondere in Form der Zeitschrift Knowledge is Power (Zhishi jiushi liliang). In Anlehnung an den Stil und die Ideen seines sowjetischen Namensgebers Znanie – sila präsentierte sie jungen Arbeitern und Studenten die Vision von „morgen“ – der nahen Zukunft. Sie erschien seit dem Jahr 1956, als der Staat zum „Marsch in Richtung Wissenschaft“ aufrief, ein Slogan, hinter dem Chinas Bewusstsein für die eigene Rückständigkeit in Wissenschaft und Technologie stand. Frühere Forschung hat argumentiert, dass ideologische Kampagnen in den 1950er Jahren Chinas versuchten, die technologische und wissenschaftliche Abhängigkeit von der Sowjetunion zu verringern, aber die maoistische Neuformulierung der Rolle und Funktion von Wissenschaft in der zweiten Hälfte der 1950er Jahre – unter Betonung der Notwendigkeit einer eigenständigen Entwicklung (duli zizhu de fazhan) – führte letztlich zu einer transnationaleren Ausrichtung von Wissenschaft und Technologie.In the rst two decades of the People’s Republic of China transnational science circulation played a signicant role in the country’s socialist reconstruction. In this context, modernization was pursued via translation and transfer of Soviet knowledge, most prominently in the form of the journal Knowledge is Power (Zhishi jiushi liliang). Following the style and ideas of its Soviet namesake Znanie – sila it presented the vision of “tomorrow” – the near future – for young workers and students. Starting its publication in 1956, it supported the state’s call for “marching towards science,” a slogan behind which was China’s awareness of its backwardness in science and technology. Earlier research has shown how ideological campaigns in 1950s China trie

Resident Benthic Fishes of Artificial Reefs in the Mississippi Sound: Effects of Habitat Relief and Subregion

One of the fundamental questions of artificial reef research concerns the capability of these manmade structures to promote secondary production. Many researchers have questioned whether artificial reefs increase the production of fish biomass, or simply aggregate existing fish biomass. Most previous research has focused on production of transient fish biomass, because of the high recreational and commercial value of these species. Establishing a link between transient fish production and artificial reef primary and secondary production has proved difficult. Therefore, the goal of this study was to examine the productivity of benthic fishes resident to artificial reefs in the Mississippi Sound, and to link this productivity to the artificial reef community through trophic relationships. This study examined differences in condition of benthic fishes resident to four artificial reefs of two profile types distributed across the Mississippi Sound. Poorer condition was found in several benthic fish species on concrete high profile reefs relative to low profile oyster shell reefs. Subregion also appeared to effect poorer condition in the eastern subregion. Diet volume was low in Gobiesox strumosus from high profile reefs, and contents differed across both reef types and subregions. Differences in diet contents may have been related to prey taxa tolerance of abiotic conditions and substrate type preferences. These results suggest reef material, design and abiotic conditions relating to specific reef location may affect availability or accessibility to specific prey taxa for resident fishes, and that this may in turn strongly affect production of biomass in resident fishes

Business Plays a Key Role in Shaping Regulation

The relationship between business ethics and regulation is complex. The role of MNCs in shaping regulation is growing. MNCs in emerging economies need to take an active approach in shaping their regulatory environments.York's Knowledge Mobilization Unit provides services and funding for faculty, graduate students, and community organizations seeking to maximize the impact of academic research and expertise on public policy, social programming, and professional practice. It is supported by SSHRC and CIHR grants, and by the Office of the Vice-President Research & Innovation. [email protected] www.researchimpact.c

COVID‐19 and the future of CSR research

Research on corporate social responsibility (CSR) flourished pre-COVD-19 and could reasonably claim to be one of the most widely read and cited sub-fields of management. However, the pandemic has clearly challenged a number of existing CSR assumptions, concepts, and practices. We aim to identify four key areas where CSR research has been challenged by COVID-19 – stakeholders, societal risk, supply chain responsibility, and the political economy of CSR – and propose how future CSR research should be realigned to tackle them. <br/

Knowledge Circulation in Russia / the Soviet Union and China in the 20th Century

Dieses Heft widmet sich der Geschichte der Wissenszirkulation in Russland bzw. der Sowjetunion und China im 20. Jahrhundert. Am Beispiel der Produktion von Wissen in den Bereichen Biologie, Medizin und Naturwissenschaften in beiden Imperien argumentieren wir, dass dessen Übersetzung, Aufnahme, Weitergabe und Verbreitung nur dann richtig beschrieben werden kann, wenn berücksichtigt wird, dass Entwicklung und Verbreitung von Wissenschaft und Wissen von lokalen Umständen abhängt. In den einzelnen Beiträgen wird die Rolle von Vermittlern bei der Weitergabe von Wissen über sprachliche, ideologische und kulturelle Grenzen hinweg erörtert. In transnationalen Kontexten ausgebildet, kompetent in mehreren Sprachen und in globale Kommunikationsnetze eingebunden, standen diese Vermittler bei ihrer Arbeit vor erheblichen Herausforderungen, die sich aus zwei großen Spannungsfeldern ergaben: der Spannung zwischen „westlichem“ Input und nationaler Anpassung sowie zwischen „bourgeoiser“ Wissensproduktion und sozialistischen Ideen von Wissenschaft und Wissen. Es sind diese Spannungen, die im Fokus der vier Artikel stehen.This special issue is dedicated to the history of knowledge circulation in Russia / Soviet Union and China in the 20th century. Focusing on scientific knowledge production in biology, medicine, and natural sciences in both empires we argue that their translation, reception, transfer, and dissemination can only be described properly when taking into account that development and diffusion of science and knowledge are shaped by local circumstances. The papers in this special issue discuss the role of brokers in movement of knowledge across linguistic, ideological, and cultural borders. Educated in transnational contexts, having multilingual competence, and integrated in global communication networks these brokers faced considerable challenges in their work resulting from two big fields of tension: the tension between “Western” input and national adaptation, and between “bourgeois” knowledge production and socialist ideas of science and knowledge. It is these tension that are at the core of the different papers

CSR and the internationalisation of employment relations: the case of a German car manufacturer (Starcar)

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The Benefits of Employee Volunteering

Employee Volunteering helps companies build partnerships with their community. Employees, community organizations and the public at large, all benefit from the give-and-take relationships.York's Knowledge Mobilization Unit provides services and funding for faculty, graduate students, and community organizations seeking to maximize the impact of academic research and expertise on public policy, social programming, and professional practice. It is supported by SSHRC and CIHR grants, and by the Office of the Vice-President Research & Innovation. [email protected] www.researchimpact.c

Can Models of Ecological Citizenship Help Us Better Understand the Role of Corporations in Dealing with Environmental Problems?

Corporations affect the environment in a number of different ways. Ecological citizenship models reveal the important roles and impacts of corporations on environmental politics.York's Knowledge Mobilization Unit provides services and funding for faculty, graduate students, and community organizations seeking to maximize the impact of academic research and expertise on public policy, social programming, and professional practice. It is supported by SSHRC and CIHR grants, and by the Office of the Vice-President Research & Innovation. [email protected] www.researchimpact.c