Porcion San Salvador del Tule Maria Francisca Armijo & Eloy Gonzalez Oral History Transcript

San Salvador del Tule, Hidalgo County, Edinburg, Lot 10 Block 335https://scholarworks.utrgv.edu/chapseducationalresources/1067/thumbnail.jp

Financing a global Guggenheim museum

As government subsidies to art institutions continue to decline annually, the international art community finds itself increasingly dependent on alternate sources of revenue such as corporate sponsorships and private donations. The Louvre in Paris, for example, was forced to restructure their organization to become more involved in fund-raising and campaigning activities when the French government began cutting cultural spending in 1993. Currently, the United States government accounts for approximately 28% of a museum’s annual operational expenses. The remaining funds necessary to pursue acquisitions, sustain educational programs and promote scholarly research as well as to perform basic functions such as facility maintenance and staff support are left to the individual organization. Thomas Krens, the director of the Solomon R. Guggenheim Foundation, proposes that the survival of the museum as a viable cultural institution into the twenty-first century is dependent upon that particular entity’s level of participation in financial and economic trends. He pioneers a controversial style of museum management that includes the licensing and franchising of the Guggenheim identity in an attempt to maintain the basic museum mission of allowing the public access to experience art. This thesis identifies the Guggenheim museum under Krens as the first art organization to break with traditional modes of museum operation. It provides a context to discuss the relevancy of his tactics given the current financial dilemma of museums and explores the much-debated issues of public trust and globalization. Through a thorough examination of the aforementioned, this thesis isolates future trends in both the operations and the ethics of cultural institutions on a global scale

CIRCUMVENTING CISPLATIN RESISTANCE IN OVARIAN CANCERS THROUGH REACTIVATION OF p53 BY NON-CROSS-RESISTANT PLATINUM ANALOGS

Abstract CIRCUMVENTING CISPLATIN RESISTANCE IN OVARIAN CANCERS THROUGH REACTIVATION OF P53 BY NON-CROSS-RESISTANT PLATINUM ANALOGS Michelle Martinez-Rivera, B.S. Advisory Professor: Zahid H. Siddik, Ph.D. Cisplatin (cis-Pt), an anticancer platinum (Pt) drug, is used widely in the treatment of several malignancies, such as ovarian cancer. This Pt compound induces DNA damage, which results in p53 activation through post-translational modifications, mainly phosphorylation, culminating in execution of programmed cell-death. However, despite initial therapeutic response to cis-Pt, clinical resistance to this drug emerges leading to disease progression. Pt-resistance phenotypes have been associated with dysfunction in the p53 signaling pathway. Therefore, an effort to understand molecular mechanisms that prevent p53 activity and induce cis-Pt resistance becomes vital for designing Pt-based drugs able to re-activate p53 and improve clinical management of ovarian cancer patients. To investigate the mechanism responsible for p53 inactivation, an ovarian tumor panel composed of cis-Pt sensitive (A2780) and resistant (2780CP/Cl-16, OVCAR-10, HEY and OVCA 433) cell lines was established, with two (2780CP/Cl-16 and OVCAR-10) harboring missense mutant p53. The data obtained from these cancer cell lines have identified a correlation between cis-Pt resistance, regardless of p53 status (wild-type vs. mutant), and lack of phosphorylation of p53 at Ser20 after cis-Pt treatment. Cis-Pt resistant cell lines expressed low levels of Chk2, a kinase responsible to phosphorylate p53 at Ser20, as a common feature. It was confirmed, through the generation of Chk2 knock-out clones from A2780 cells using the CRISPR/Cas9 system, that Chk2 is essential for cis-Pt to mediate phosphorylation of p53 at Ser20 and induce p53 transcriptional activity. As validation of its critical role, Chk2 knock-out in these cells leads to cis-Pt resistance. However, cis-Pt resistance was circumvented by a number of cis-Pt analogs. In this regard, oxaliplatin (oxali-Pt), a non-cross-resistant Pt analog currently used in colon cancer but not ovarian cancer, was the most effective. Interestingly, the mechanism for oxali-Pt involved restoration of p53 phosphorylation at Ser20 through a Chk2 independent pathway. RPPA analysis has identified the MAPK pathway as a possible target of activation by oxali-Pt to phosphorylate p53 at Ser20. Systematic studies using targeted inhibitors have identified MEK1/2, but not ERK1/2, as a novel biomarker important to mediate p53-Ser20 phosphorylation by oxali-Pt. Overall, the findings gathered in this research project have revealed Ser20 of p53 as a key site that induces cis-Pt resistance when its phosphorylation is not induced by cis-Pt due to loss of Chk2, whereas its phosphorylation by oxali-Pt via MEK1/2 leads to circumvention of this resistance. This knowledge may lead to repurposing oxali-Pt in ovarian cancer and improve survival of cancer patients

An Educational Module of the Effect of Improved/Increased Training of Anesthesia Providers on Adherence to Difficult Airway Algorithms and Successful Performance of a Cricothyrotomy

Airway complications, including those that may be caused by the inability to maintain oxygenation, are major causes of anesthesia-related injury and death. Difficult intubation rates are relatively high with even higher associated complication rates. The success rate for cricothyrotomy procedures is also inappropriately low. Research has found that a lack of experience and/or insufficient training possibly plays a role in the low success rate and increased incidence of airway complication-associated morbidity and mortality. The purpose of this study is to assess current training and confidence levels in practitioners as well as to evaluate the impact of improved training, sustained training or interval training. The primary methodology of the related educational project administered an online educational intervention to anesthesia providers that focused on difficult airway situations and algorithms. A survey was used as a pre-test and posttest to assess CRNA knowledge of airway emergencies. Overall, the results show that there was a difference from pre-test to post-test. There was an increase in knowledge for most questions. Since CICO situations and emergency cricothyrotomies are rare, independent work experiences are vital in order to preserve appropriate provider awareness and abilities. Improving the standard of difficult airway management, CICO guidelines, and cricothyrotomy efficiency training is expected to boost provider ability and confidence, resulting in less deviations from the DAA and hesitancy during CICO situations, as well as lower anesthesia-related morbidity and mortality, hospital costs, and duration of stay

The Legal Violence of Police Calls for Service: Toward New Community Safety Infrastructure

In this article, we return to the scene of the police call in the United States to conceptualize the basic needs and structural forces animating calls for service and their relationship to a jurispathic form of legal violence. We do so by revisiting the perennial question of why people call the police, analyzing how conditions of organized abandonment drive the call. We follow how police reports reveal the bureaucratic and administrative legal violence of policing itself, extending police logics and power into all social problems/response, obstructing the political capacity to imagine—and demand—the most basic of nonpunitive life-supporting infrastructure. Against this dominance, many are searching for more direct and meaningful ways to respond to crisis, making the police call a contested site for municipal politics and community resources through jurisgenerative abolitionist-like practices grounded in the empirical conditions of ordinary people’s lives

Alternate Computer Input Device for Individuals with Quadriplegia

This project details the design development of an alternative computer input system that allows a person with quadriplegia to move a computer\u27s cursor and activate left and right click button inputs. After researching and analyzing possible solutions, an end design was chosen that most appropriately satisfied all user requirements and engineering specifications. This final design employs a head mounted Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) with 9 DoF (Degrees of Freedom) to track head movements and correlate these motions to computer cursor movements. A Sip-Puff Transducer monitors and interprets a user\u27s application of negative and positive air pressure differentials to a vinyl tube as analog voltages, which are then interpreted over time to trigger left and right click events. An Arduino Due microcontroller is used to interpret and process these inputs and send mouse commands to the user\u27s computer via a USB connection. In addition to the sensing hardware, there are two indicator LEDs which display the state of the left and right mouse buttons. There are also two adjustment potentiometers, which can be turned to adjust the sensitivity of the mouse tracking and the sip-puff click sensing window. This system improves upon other alternative computer interfaces by allowing the user to more easily perform complex and non-linear tasks such as file organization and digital painting/drawing. Two accelerometers were initially incorporated into the design to be strapped to the upper arms of the user, and upward and downward accelerations caused by the raising and lowering of each shoulder would have corresponded to the activation of the Control and Shift keys. However, due to issues with program timing and computational complexity, these parts of our design that operated the control and shift keys were abandoned

Cost-Effectiveness Thresholds in Global Health: Taking a Multisectoral Perspective.

Good health is a function of a range of biological, environmental, behavioral, and social factors. The consumption of quality health care services is therefore only a part of how good health is produced. Although few would argue with this, the economic framework used to allocate resources to optimize population health is applied in a way that constrains the analyst and the decision maker to health care services. This approach risks missing two critical issues: 1) multiple sectors contribute to health gain and 2) the goods and services produced by the health sector can have multiple benefits besides health. We illustrate how present cost-effectiveness thresholds could result in health losses, particularly when considering health-producing interventions in other sectors or public health interventions with multisectoral outcomes. We then propose a potentially more optimal second best approach, the so-called cofinancing approach, in which the health payer could redistribute part of its budget to other sectors, where specific nonhealth interventions achieved a health gain more efficiently than the health sector's marginal productivity (opportunity cost). Likewise, other sectors would determine how much to contribute toward such an intervention, given the current marginal productivity of their budgets. Further research is certainly required to test and validate different measurement approaches and to assess the efficiency gains from cofinancing after deducting the transaction costs that would come with such cross-sectoral coordination

How Will You Share Your Work? Creative Commons Bookmarks and Activity Packet

These bookmarks and activity packet were created to teach university students about the Creative Commons during the UWM Libraries\u27 celebration of Open Access Week 2015, October 19-25. The bookmarks provide a quick guide to the Creative Commons licenses and can be printed on colored paper. The activity packet is a Halloween-themed paper doll coloring set that includes public domain and CC-BY materials, as well as a full range of Creative Commons licenses. Through coloring, mixing and matching, and other modifications, students can explore the possibilities of open content, engage in remix culture, and practice attributing the work of others. These materials are licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License

La Mezcla de Mercadotecnia en la empresa productiva “Panadería y Repostería Belén”, ciudad de Matagalpa, II semestre, 2013

El presente trabajo investigativo se realizó con el propósito de valorar la aplicación de la Mezcla de Mercadotecnia en Panadería y Repostería Belén de la ciudad de Matagalpa durante el segundo semestre del año 2013. Asimismo se identificaron cuales técnicas de la Mercadotecnia son las utilizadas por la empresa sujeta al presente estudio, se realizó una comparación sobre la aplicación de las técnicas y se logró proponer algunas soluciones a las dificultades encontradas en la aplicación de la Mezcla de Marketing para la comercialización de sus productos. El universo de los clientes fue obtenido mediante un muestreo probabilístico simple, el cual se realizó por medio de una observación directa tomada al azar obteniendo como resultado una muestra de 341 clientes a encuestar. Después de realizar este estudio Se determinó que Panadería y Repostería Belén, a pesar de tener fortalezas como la gran variedad de productos y precios, diseños atractivos, locales muy bien ubicados, solo aplica algunas de las técnicas para la aplicación de la mezcla de marketing, por lo que se considera que se debe mejorar los sistemas de promoción así como diseñar publicidad más agresiva que permita identificar la relevancia del negocio en el sector de las panadería