11 research outputs found
Retrospective of protection methods against smaii rodents in Croatian forests (1980-2015)
Svrha preglednog rada bila je dobiti uvid u dosadaÅ”nja iskustva kontrole brojnosti sitnih glodavaca, utvrÄivanja Å”teta od istih i zaÅ”tite od njihova Å”tetnog djelovanja prema struci i znanosti u razdoblju od 1980. do 2015. godine. Kroz rad je napravljena baza podataka za navedeno razdoblje, analizirani su dobiveni podaci i kreirana je smjernica prema kojoj bi se na terenu pratilo sve navedeno
Forest Residue Management Impact on Rodent (Rodentia: Murinae, Arvicolinae) Damage in Pedunculate Oak (Quercus robur L.) Forests in Croatia
Small rodents (Rodentia, subfam. Murinae: real mice, Arvicoline voles) greatly affect natural
regeneration, stability and dynamics of forest communities worldwide. Every 3ā4 years rodent
damage in Croatian state forests is the most severe in forest regeneration stands, especially in
pedunculate oak (Quercus robur L.) and narrow-leaved ash (Fraxinus angustifolia Vahl.)
forests, where rodents can seriously impede natural regeneration by damaging seeds, stems
and roots of saplings. These negative interactions are an even bigger challenge nowdays as
pedunculate oak and narrow-leaved ash have become more vunerable in the last decades and
are known as the most sensitive species of lowland forests in Croatia due to microclimatic and
macroclimatic changes and the unfavourable interaction of a whole series of anthropogenic,
abiotic and biotic factors. In the last 40 years, in Croatian state forests, rodent management
consisted of monitoring and mainly rodenticide use. Trying to implement IPM (Integrated
Pest Management) postulates into practice over the years, different prevention methods against
small rodents were tested, but not many came to use. The aim of this research was to look into
different logging residue management approaches and their effect on the rodent damage in two
pedunculate oak forest regeneration stands in central Posavina in Croatia. Rodent damage on
stem and root of tree saplings was recorded by visual inspection on three plots (5x5 m) with
scattered logging residue, and one plot (5x5 m) with no residue at one micro-depression site
(95 m a.s.l.), and on one micro-elevation (99 m a.s.l.) site. Plots with scattered logging residue
represented a type of forest residue management in which logging debris (branches) is cut to
smaller lengths and distributed evenly at the forest regeneration stand. Plot with no logging
debris represented a residue management method in which wood mass is completely removed
from the regeneration stand after felling. We counted, determined and inspected tree saplings
found at chosen plots for rodent damage (on stem and roots) and also determined the average
weight and moisture content of logging residue (branches around 5ā7 cm in diameter) found
at the site. In spring 2017, 3380 tree saplings (2978; 81% pedunculate oak, 7; 0.2% narrowleaved
ash and 395; 11.7% other deciduous species) were inspected for rodent damage. At
micro-depression site, on a plot with no logging residue, only 13.4% of the saplings were
damaged, while the average share of damaged saplings on three plots with scattered residue
was more than six times higher; 87.8%. The average mass of the logging residue weighed at
site with scattered residue was 10.14 kg kg/m2 and moisture content was 19.2%. At microelevation
site, 25.4% of the saplings were damaged on a plot with no logging residue, while
the average share of damaged saplings on three plots with scattered residue was two times
higher; 51.4%. The average mass of the logging residue weighed at SRP 1ā3 was 5.1 kg/m2.
We also determined moderately strong positive correlation (R=0.69133) between the mass of
logging residue and rodent damage and strong negative correlation (R=ā0.89598) between
wood moisture content of the logging residue and rodent damage. In years ahead, with unpredictable
climate effects and potentially very variable small rodent dynamics, removing
the logging residue after the felling could represent a residue management that contributes to
a more effective and ecologically based rodent management. It could also become a usable
preventive method within IPM and help prevent sever rodent damage, even during the outbreaks
in pedunculate oak regeneration stands
UzroÄnik crvene pjegavosti borovih iglica (Dothistroma spp.) u Å”umskim kulturama obiÄnoga (Pinus sylvestris L.) i crnoga bora (Pinus nigra J. F. Arnold) na podruÄju Å”umarija Pazin i ÄurÄevac
Crvena pjegavost uzrokovana patogenom Dothistroma spp. smatra se jednom od najvažnijih mikoza borovih iglica u svijetu zbog svoje rasprostranjenosti u razliÄitim podruÄjima i zbog pridolaska na velikom broju vrsta i podvrsta roda Pinus. U Republici Hrvatskoj prvi je put uoÄena na crnom boru u okolici Slavonskoga Broda 1963. godine, odakle se proÅ”irila i u druga kontinentalna i obalna podruÄja te je otkrivena na viÅ”e vrsta borova (Pinus spp.), ali zasad postoji malo podataka o njezinoj distribuciji te osjetljivosti razliÄitih domaÄina. U ovom je istraživanju provedeno skupljanje i analiza simptomatiÄnih iglica crnoga i obiÄnoga bora na podruÄju Å”umarija Pazin i ÄurÄevac tijekom 2015. i 2016. godine radi utvrÄivanja brojnosti i stupnja zrelosti plodiÅ”ta Dothistroma spp. te prisutnosti drugih vrsta potencijalno patogenih gljiva. Istraživanje je potvrdilo uzroÄnika bolesti, patogena Dothistroma spp., kao dominantnoga na istraživanim iglicama. Prema dobivenim rezultatima patogeneza se crvene pjegavosti borovih iglica te biologija uzroÄnika u Republici Hrvatskoj poklapaju s onima opisanim u drugim zemljama sliÄnih ili jednakih klimatskih prilika, iako postoje odreÄene razlike izmeÄu dvaju istraživanih podruÄja i domaÄina, pri Äemu se crni bor pokazao osjetljivijom vrstom
UzroÄnik crvene pjegavosti borovih iglica (Dothistroma spp.) u Å”umskim kulturama obiÄnoga (Pinus sylvestris L.) i crnoga bora (Pinus nigra J. F. Arnold) na podruÄju Å”umarija Pazin i ÄurÄevac
Crvena pjegavost uzrokovana patogenom Dothistroma spp. smatra se jednom od najvažnijih mikoza borovih iglica u svijetu zbog svoje rasprostranjenosti u razliÄitim podruÄjima i zbog pridolaska na velikom broju vrsta i podvrsta roda Pinus. U Republici Hrvatskoj prvi je put uoÄena na crnom boru u okolici Slavonskoga Broda 1963. godine, odakle se proÅ”irila i u druga kontinentalna i obalna podruÄja te je otkrivena na viÅ”e vrsta borova (Pinus spp.), ali zasad postoji malo podataka o njezinoj distribuciji te osjetljivosti razliÄitih domaÄina. U ovom je istraživanju provedeno skupljanje i analiza simptomatiÄnih iglica crnoga i obiÄnoga bora na podruÄju Å”umarija Pazin i ÄurÄevac tijekom 2015. i 2016. godine radi utvrÄivanja brojnosti i stupnja zrelosti plodiÅ”ta Dothistroma spp. te prisutnosti drugih vrsta potencijalno patogenih gljiva. Istraživanje je potvrdilo uzroÄnika bolesti, patogena Dothistroma spp., kao dominantnoga na istraživanim iglicama. Prema dobivenim rezultatima patogeneza se crvene pjegavosti borovih iglica te biologija uzroÄnika u Republici Hrvatskoj poklapaju s onima opisanim u drugim zemljama sliÄnih ili jednakih klimatskih prilika, iako postoje odreÄene razlike izmeÄu dvaju istraživanih podruÄja i domaÄina, pri Äemu se crni bor pokazao osjetljivijom vrstom
Small rodents as reservoirs of leptospirosis
Leptospiroza je (re)emergentna zarazna bolest mnogih domaÄih i divljih životinja i Äovjeka uzrokovana patogenim bakterijama iz roda Leptospira. Epizootiologija ove bolesti usko je vezana uz razliÄite životinjske vrste koje nose i izluÄuju pojedine serovare leptospira u okoliÅ”. Ipak, glavni su rezervoari leptospiroze glodavci koji nakon infekcije ne obolijevaju i ostaju doživotni kliconoÅ”e. Cilj ovog istraživanja bio je utvrditi uÄestalost infekcije u miÅ”olikih glodavaca u endemijskim podruÄjima leptospiroze u Republici Hrvatskoj. Metodom lanÄane reakcije polimerazom u stvarnom vremenu pretraženi su bubrezi 186 miÅ”olikih glodavaca, a specifiÄan odsjeÄak DNK patogenih leptospira dokazan je u 20 pretraženih uzoraka, dajuÄi nam prosjeÄan stupanj kliconoÅ”tva od 10,75 %. Bakterije iz roda Leptospira utvrÄene su u pet od sedam pretraživanih vrsta glodavaca i lokaliteta izlova, Å”to potvrÄuje ulogu miÅ”olikih glodavaca u održavanju endemijskih žariÅ”ta leptospiroze. NajviÅ”i stupanj kliconoÅ”tva (30 %) utvrÄen je na Å”irem podruÄju Velike Gorice. Takav se rezultat može pokuÅ”ati objasniti Äinjenicom da to podruÄje pripada u sliv rijeke Save i da ima velik poplavni potencijal, a vlažna podruÄja omoguÄuju dulji opstanak leptospira u okoliÅ”u. Potrebna su daljna longitudinalna istraživanja kako bi se ustvrdili biotiÄki i abiotiÄki Äimbenici koji utjeÄu na brojnost populacije miÅ”olikih glodavaca te postotak inficiranosti leptospirama, odnosno kliconoÅ”tvo.Leptospirosis is a (re) emerging zoonosis of many domestic and wild animals and humans, caused by pathogenic bacteria from the genus Leptospira. It is a natural foci disease with epizootiology and epidemiology closely linked to reservoir species that excrete certain serovars of Leptospira into the environment. Rats and small rodents are the main reservoirs and lifelong carriers of pathogenic Leptospira. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of infection of small rodents in areas where leptospirosis appears endemic. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) was used to test kidney specimens of 186 animals, that were trapped in seven endemic regions of Croatia. Using this method, we obtained 20 positive samples, giving a Leptospira shedding rate of 10.75%. During this investigation Leptospira spp. were detected in five out of seven small rodent species, with the highest degree of shedding (30%) detected in the Velika Gorica municipality. These findings may be explained by the fact that this area belongs to the River Sava basin. High flooding potential and humid areas allow the longer survival of Leptospira in the environment. Further longitudinal studies are needed in order to identify all the abiotic and biotic factors that can affect the density of rodent population and shedding rates
Monitoring of Hard Ticks at Urban Recreational Sites in the City of Zagreb from 2016 to 2018
Kako se uÄestalost i rasprostranjenost krpeljnih bolesti Å”irom svijeta poveÄava, postoji stvarna potreba za boljim razumijevanjem distribucijske ekologije njihovih vektora. Cilj ovog istraživanja bio je odrediti raznolikost faune tvrdih krpelja (Acari: Ixodidae) i njihovu sezonsku dinamiku na razliÄitim staniÅ”tima u tri urbana rekreacijska odrediÅ”ta u glavnom gradu Hrvatske, Zagrebu, poznatom kao prirodnom žariÅ”tu lajmske borelioze i krpeljnog meningoencefalitisa. Tijekom trogodiÅ”njeg razdoblja (2016. - 2018. god.) jedina determinirana vrsta bila je Ixodes ricinus Linnaeus, 1758. Metodom krpeljne zatege, prikupljeno je 506 jedinki tvrdih krpelja, od Äega 273 (54%) u razvojnom stadiju nimfe, 166 (33%) u stadiju liÄinke i 64 (13%) u odraslom stadiju. NajveÄi broj krpelja sakupljen je u Å”umskom staniÅ”tu. Sezonska aktivnost krpelja dosezala je maksimume sredinom proljeÄa i sredinom ljeta. Kontinuirano praÄenje populacije tvrdih krpelja u urbanim podruÄjima trebalo bi, i moglo bi, postati standardna metoda prevencije bolesti koje prenose krpelji.As tick-borne disease incidence and distribution is increasing worldwide, there is a true need for better understanding of the distributional ecology of their vectors. The aim of this study was to determine the diversity of hard ticks fauna (Acari: Ixodidae) and their seasonal dynamics in different habitats at three urban recreational sites in Croatia\u27s capital, the City of Zagreb known as the natural foci of Lyme borreliosis and tick borne encephalitis. Within a three-year period (2016 - 2018), the only species detected was Ixodes ricinus Linnaeus, 1758. Using flag dragging method 506 ticks were sampled; 273 (54%) in their nymphal stage, 166 (33%) as larvae and 64 (13%) as adults. The highest abundance of ticks was recorded at forest habitat. Seasonal activity showed their peaks at midspring and midsummer. Continuous monitoring of hard tick population in urban areas should and could become a standard method of tick-borne diseases prevention
Small rodents as reservoirs of leptospirosis
Leptospiroza je (re)emergentna zarazna bolest mnogih domaÄih i divljih životinja i Äovjeka uzrokovana patogenim bakterijama iz roda Leptospira. Epizootiologija ove bolesti usko je vezana uz razliÄite životinjske vrste koje nose i izluÄuju pojedine serovare leptospira u okoliÅ”. Ipak, glavni su rezervoari leptospiroze glodavci koji nakon infekcije ne obolijevaju i ostaju doživotni kliconoÅ”e. Cilj ovog istraživanja bio je utvrditi uÄestalost infekcije u miÅ”olikih glodavaca u endemijskim podruÄjima leptospiroze u Republici Hrvatskoj. Metodom lanÄane reakcije polimerazom u stvarnom vremenu pretraženi su bubrezi 186 miÅ”olikih glodavaca, a specifiÄan odsjeÄak DNK patogenih leptospira dokazan je u 20 pretraženih uzoraka, dajuÄi nam prosjeÄan stupanj kliconoÅ”tva od 10,75 %. Bakterije iz roda Leptospira utvrÄene su u pet od sedam pretraživanih vrsta glodavaca i lokaliteta izlova, Å”to potvrÄuje ulogu miÅ”olikih glodavaca u održavanju endemijskih žariÅ”ta leptospiroze. NajviÅ”i stupanj kliconoÅ”tva (30 %) utvrÄen je na Å”irem podruÄju Velike Gorice. Takav se rezultat može pokuÅ”ati objasniti Äinjenicom da to podruÄje pripada u sliv rijeke Save i da ima velik poplavni potencijal, a vlažna podruÄja omoguÄuju dulji opstanak leptospira u okoliÅ”u. Potrebna su daljna longitudinalna istraživanja kako bi se ustvrdili biotiÄki i abiotiÄki Äimbenici koji utjeÄu na brojnost populacije miÅ”olikih glodavaca te postotak inficiranosti leptospirama, odnosno kliconoÅ”tvo.Leptospirosis is a (re) emerging zoonosis of many domestic and wild animals and humans, caused by pathogenic bacteria from the genus Leptospira. It is a natural foci disease with epizootiology and epidemiology closely linked to reservoir species that excrete certain serovars of Leptospira into the environment. Rats and small rodents are the main reservoirs and lifelong carriers of pathogenic Leptospira. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of infection of small rodents in areas where leptospirosis appears endemic. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) was used to test kidney specimens of 186 animals, that were trapped in seven endemic regions of Croatia. Using this method, we obtained 20 positive samples, giving a Leptospira shedding rate of 10.75%. During this investigation Leptospira spp. were detected in five out of seven small rodent species, with the highest degree of shedding (30%) detected in the Velika Gorica municipality. These findings may be explained by the fact that this area belongs to the River Sava basin. High flooding potential and humid areas allow the longer survival of Leptospira in the environment. Further longitudinal studies are needed in order to identify all the abiotic and biotic factors that can affect the density of rodent population and shedding rates
Retrospective of protection methods against smaii rodents in Croatian forests (1980-2015)
Svrha preglednog rada bila je dobiti uvid u dosadaÅ”nja iskustva kontrole brojnosti sitnih glodavaca, utvrÄivanja Å”teta od istih i zaÅ”tite od njihova Å”tetnog djelovanja prema struci i znanosti u razdoblju od 1980. do 2015. godine. Kroz rad je napravljena baza podataka za navedeno razdoblje, analizirani su dobiveni podaci i kreirana je smjernica prema kojoj bi se na terenu pratilo sve navedeno
Indirect methods to protect forests from small rodents
U radu je obavljeno istraživanje na podruÄju Uprave
Ŕuma Zagreb, Ŕumarije Lipovljani, gdje su se u odjelu
119b tokom sijeÄnja 2012. god. postavili motorni
rastjerivaÄi Motor Mole Chaser. Cilj rada je sa
prikupljenim podatcima kontrole brojnosti za sijeÄanj,
ožujak, travanj i lipanj 2012.god. prikazati uÄinkovitost
motornih rastjerivaÄa na Å”tetne glodavce u odabranom
odjelu
Virome of Ixodes ricinus, Dermacentor reticulatus, and Haemaphysalis concinna Ticks from Croatia
Tick-borne diseases are a serious threat to both public and veterinary health. In this study, we used high-throughput sequencing to characterize the virome of three tick species implicated in the spread of vector-borne disease throughout Croatia. Ten viruses were identified, including seven potential novel species within the viral families Flaviviridae, Nyamiviridae, Rhabdoviridae, Peribunyaviridae, Phenuiviridae, and Nairoviridae