Nucleotide sequences of informational genes from 19 C. jejuni genomes.

<p>Informational genes from 19 <i>C. jejuni</i> genomes that include seven <i>C. jejuni</i> ST-474 genomes sequenced at Institute of Veterinary, Animal and Biomedical Sciences, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand. These are nucleotide sequences presented in FASTA format. CJ11168: <i>C. jejuni</i> subsp. <i>jejuni</i> 11168, CJ260.94: <i>C. jejuni</i> subsp. <i>jejuni</i> 260.90, CJ81116: <i>C. jejuni</i> subsp. <i>jejuni</i> 81116, CJ81176: <i>C. jejuni</i> subsp. <i>jejuni</i> 81-176, CJ8421: <i>C. jejuni</i> subsp. <i>jejuni</i> 84-21, CJ8425: <i>C. jejuni</i> subsp. <i>jejuni</i> 84-25, CJ8486: <i>C. jejuni</i> subsp. <i>jejuni</i> 84-26, CJ9313: <i>C. jejuni</i> subsp. <i>jejuni</i> 93-13, CJ936: <i>C. jejuni</i> subsp. <i>jejuni</i> 93-6, CJD: <i>C. jejuni</i> subsp. doylei, CJIA3902: <i>C. jejuni</i> subsp. <i>jejuni</i> IA3902, CJRM1221: <i>C. jejuni</i> subsp. <i>jejuni</i> 1221, H22082: <i>C. jejuni</i> subsp. <i>jejuni</i> ST 474 AEIO00000000.1 (H: from human clinical case), H704: <i>C. jejuni</i> subsp. <i>jejuni</i> ST 474 (H: from human clinical case), P110b: <i>C. jejuni</i> subsp. <i>jejuni</i> ST 474 000242395.2 (P: from poultry), P179a : <i>C. jejuni</i> subsp. <i>jejuni</i> ST 474 (P: from poultry), P569a: <i>C. jejuni</i> subsp. <i>jejuni</i> ST 474 (P: from poultry), P694a: <i>C. jejuni</i> subsp. <i>jejuni</i> ST 474 (P: from poultry), H73020: <i>C. jejuni</i> subsp. <i>jejuni</i> ST 474 (H: from human clinical case).</p

Guanine-cytosine (GC) and GC3 contents of the individual metabolic housekeeping and informational genes.

<p>The data provides the guanine-cytosine (GC) contents for individual metabolic housekeeping genes and the individual genes investigated in the study from 19 C. jejuni genomes. It also provides the guanine-cytosine contents at the third codon position (GC3) for individual metabolic housekeeping genes and individual informational genes investigated in the study from 19 C. jejuni genomes.</p

Nucleotide sequences of metabolic housekeeping genes from 19 C. jejuni genomes

<p>Metabolic housekeeping genes from 19 <i>C. jejuni</i> genomes that include seven <i>C. jejuni</i> ST-474 genomes sequenced at Institute of Veterinary, Animal and Biomedical Sciences, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand. These are nucleotide sequences presented in FASTA format. CJ11168: <i>C. jejuni</i> subsp. <i>jejuni</i> 11168, CJ260.94: <i>C. jejuni</i> subsp. <i>jejuni</i> 260.90, CJ81116: <i>C. jejuni</i> subsp. <i>jejuni</i> 81116, CJ81176: <i>C. jejuni</i> subsp. <i>jejuni</i> 81-176, CJ8421: <i>C. jejuni</i> subsp. <i>jejuni</i> 84-21, CJ8425: <i>C. jejuni</i> subsp. <i>jejuni</i> 84-25, CJ8486: <i>C. jejuni</i> subsp. <i>jejuni</i> 84-26, CJ9313: <i>C. jejuni</i> subsp. <i>jejuni</i> 93-13, CJ936: <i>C. jejuni</i> subsp. <i>jejuni</i> 93-6, CJD: <i>C. jejuni</i> subsp. doylei, CJIA3902: <i>C. jejuni</i> subsp. <i>jejuni</i> IA3902, CJRM1221: <i>C. jejuni</i> subsp. <i>jejuni</i> 1221, H22082: <i>C. jejuni</i> subsp. <i>jejuni</i> ST 474 AEIO00000000.1 (H: from human clinical case), H704: <i>C. jejuni</i> subsp. <i>jejuni</i> ST 474 (H: from human clinical case), P110b: <i>C. jejuni</i> subsp. <i>jejuni</i> ST 474 000242395.2 (P: from poultry), P179a : <i>C. jejuni</i> subsp. <i>jejuni</i> ST 474 (P: from poultry), P569a: <i>C. jejuni</i> subsp. <i>jejuni</i> ST 474 (P: from poultry), P694a: <i>C. jejuni</i> subsp. <i>jejuni</i> ST 474 (P: from poultry), H73020: <i>C. jejuni</i> subsp. <i>jejuni</i> ST 474 (H: from human clinical case).</p

Governance requirements in supply chain finance: The need for a dual-layered semipermeable boundary

To define and investigate the governance requirements of supply chain finance (SCF). A qualitative analysis of 849 news articles published in UK newspapers (2000-2022) using the Gioia method. SCF governance relies on developing capacities for reflexive scrutiny at two stages: 1) prior to entering into a SCF relationship; and, 2) during its operation. Based on the notion of SCF as a complex adaptive system, we theorise SCF governance requirements as a dual-layered semipermeable boundary. The semi-permeability of the two layers allows for a dynamic exchange between the SCF system and its environment. The first layer is a capacity to selectively enable or control the entry and access of certain actors and practices into the SCF system. The second layer is a capacity for ongoing scrutiny of the SCF operation and its development. Further, we identify five aspects of governance to be enabled, i.e. enhancing adaptability, building confidence, improving efficiency, advancing technology, and promoting transparency; and four aspects to be controlled, i.e. preventing abuse of power, curbing fraud risk, constraining operational risk, and restricting risky extensions to SCF practices. Our dynamic framework can guide supply chain members in making decisions about whether to participate, or continue to operate in, a SCF relationship. Moreover, the findings have implications for policymakers and authorities who oversee entry/access and the involvement of SCF providers, particularly fintech firms. The study contributes to both the supply chain and governance literatures by providing a systematic analysis of what SCF governance has to accomplish. Our novel contribution lies in its analysis of SCF governance based on a complex adaptive system approach, which expands the existing literature where SCF is described in rather static terms. More specifically, it suggests a need for a dynamic duality of SCF governance through the semi-permeable boundary that selectively enables and controls certain SCF actors and practices.</p

Governance requirements in supply chain finance: The need for a dual-layered semipermeable boundary

To define and investigate the governance requirements of supply chain finance (SCF). A qualitative analysis of 849 news articles published in UK newspapers (2000-2022) using the Gioia method. SCF governance relies on developing capacities for reflexive scrutiny at two stages: 1) prior to entering into a SCF relationship; and, 2) during its operation. Based on the notion of SCF as a complex adaptive system, we theorise SCF governance requirements as a dual-layered semipermeable boundary. The semi-permeability of the two layers allows for a dynamic exchange between the SCF system and its environment. The first layer is a capacity to selectively enable or control the entry and access of certain actors and practices into the SCF system. The second layer is a capacity for ongoing scrutiny of the SCF operation and its development. Further, we identify five aspects of governance to be enabled, i.e. enhancing adaptability, building confidence, improving efficiency, advancing technology, and promoting transparency; and four aspects to be controlled, i.e. preventing abuse of power, curbing fraud risk, constraining operational risk, and restricting risky extensions to SCF practices. Our dynamic framework can guide supply chain members in making decisions about whether to participate, or continue to operate in, a SCF relationship. Moreover, the findings have implications for policymakers and authorities who oversee entry/access and the involvement of SCF providers, particularly fintech firms. The study contributes to both the supply chain and governance literatures by providing a systematic analysis of what SCF governance has to accomplish. Our novel contribution lies in its analysis of SCF governance based on a complex adaptive system approach, which expands the existing literature where SCF is described in rather static terms. More specifically, it suggests a need for a dynamic duality of SCF governance through the semi-permeable boundary that selectively enables and controls certain SCF actors and practices.</p

Reconsidering the Safety in Numbers Effect for Vulnerable Road Users: An Application of Agent-Based Modeling

<div><p><b>Objective:</b> Increasing levels of active transport provide benefits in relation to chronic disease and emissions reduction but may be associated with an increased risk of road trauma. The safety in numbers (SiN) effect is often regarded as a solution to this issue; however, the mechanisms underlying its influence are largely unknown. We aimed to (1) replicate the SiN effect within a simple, simulated environment and (2) vary bicycle density within the environment to better understand the circumstances under which SiN applies.</p><p><b>Methods:</b> Using an agent-based modeling approach, we constructed a virtual transport system that increased the number of bicycles from 9% to 35% of total vehicles over a period of 1,000 time units while holding the number of cars in the system constant. We then repeated this experiment under conditions of progressively decreasing bicycle density.</p><p><b>Results:</b> We demonstrated that the SiN effect can be reproduced in a virtual environment, closely approximating the exponential relationships between cycling numbers and the relative risk of collision as shown in observational studies. The association, however, was highly contingent upon bicycle density. The relative risk of collisions between cars and bicycles with increasing bicycle numbers showed an association that is progressively linear at decreasing levels of density.</p><p><b>Conclusions:</b> Agent-based modeling may provide a useful tool for understanding the mechanisms underpinning the relationships previously observed between volume and risk under the assumptions of SiN. The SiN effect may apply only under circumstances in which bicycle density also increases over time. Additional mechanisms underpinning the SiN effect, independent of behavioral adjustment by drivers, are explored.</p></div

Supplier absorptive capacity: learning via boundary objects in sustainability-oriented supplier development initiatives

Purpose: To study the learning processes and mechanisms involved in sustainability-oriented supplier development (SSD), including how knowledge is transmitted by the buyer and how it is received, understood and internalised by the supplier. Design/methodology/approach: An exploratory longitudinal multi-case study approach is adopted. The research context is a social SSD project focusing on occupational health and safety (OHS) management at four supplier factories. The paper draws on the constructs of absorptive capacity and boundary objects. Findings: The development of a supplier's absorptive capacity for OHS management is triggered by the transfer of boundary objects that are created by the buyer. Findings suggest that each supplier starts explorative learning in a similar and passive way in order to accept the knowledge, but then each supplier proactively transforms and exploits the knowledge through continuous sensing, seizing, and reconfiguring loops that develop the boundary objects in a way that fits their own needs and contexts, incorporating the objects into organisational structures and routines. Research limitations/implications: The research furthers the understanding of the development of supplier absorptive capacity for sustainability via SSD projects, including how it is triggered and sustained. The impact of ostensive and performative aspects of boundary objects on knowledge transfer is presented. Finally, insight is provided into how absorptive capacity and dynamic capabilities are linked in the context of SSD. Practical implications: Buying firms should seek to develop boundary objects that can trigger and maintain learning momentum for sustainability at supplier organisations in addition to effectively transferring SSD-related sustainability knowledge. There is also a need to allow for sufficient flexibility in the design of the boundary objects, and to pay sufficient attention to how suppliers contextualise and embed them into their own organisations, providing support for this process where necessary. For the supplier, establishing structures and routines for OHS management can help to prepare for future audits, thereby reducing audit fatigue. Originality/value: The paper contributes to the supply chain learning literature by exploring the development of supplier absorptive capacity for sustainability triggered by the focal buying firm. It sheds new light on the role of boundary objects for facilitating knowledge transfer and learning between supply chain members in the context of SSD projects

Additional file 1: of A systematic review of taeniasis, cysticercosis and trichinellosis in Vietnam

PRISMA 2009 checklist. (DOC 63 kb

Restraint use in the Eastern Province of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

<p><b>Objectives:</b> This study set out to examine seat belt and child restraint use in the Dammam Municipality of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, based on the premise that an increase in seat belt use would significantly reduce personal injury in traffic crashes. It was expected that local data would help identify intervention strategies necessary to improve seat belt use in the region.</p> <p><b>Methods:</b> The research involved 2 methodologies. First, 1,389 face-to-face interviews were conducted with male and female adults in regional shopping plazas regarding their own and their children's restraint use in their vehicles and reasons for these attitudes and beliefs. Second, 2 on-road observation studies of adult and child restraint use were conducted by trained observers. Occupants of approximately 5,000 passenger vehicles were observed while stopped at representative signalized traffic intersections.</p> <p><b>Results:</b> The findings showed front seat belt use rates of between 43 and 47% for drivers and 26 to 30% for front seat passengers; rear seat belt use rates were lower. While there seemed to be some knowledge about the purpose and reasons for restraining both adults and children in suitable restraints, this failed to be confirmed in the on-road observations.</p> <p><b>Conclusions:</b> Reasons for these rates and findings are discussed fully, and recommendations for improving seat belt use in the Dammam Municipality are included.</p

Movid duck locations

Movid duck location