Angiogenic effects of cryosurgery with liquid nitrogen on the normal skin of rats, through morphometric study

BACKGROUND: Cryosurgery is an efficient therapeutic technique used to treat benign and malignant cutaneous diseases. The primary active mechanism of cryosurgery is related to vascular effects on treated tissue. After a cryosurgical procedure, exuberant granulation tissue is formed at the injection site, probably as a result of angiogenic stimulation of the cryogen and inflammatory response, particularly in endothelial cells. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the angiogenic effects of freezing, as part of the phenomenon of healing rat skin subjected to previous injury. METHODS: Two incisions were made in each of the twenty rats, which were divided randomly into two groups of ten. After 3 days, cryosurgery with liquid nitrogen was performed in one of incisions. The rats' samples were then collected, cut and stained to conduct histopathological examination, to assess the local angiogenesis in differing moments and situations. RESULTS: It was possible to demonstrate that cryosurgery, in spite of promoting cell death and accentuated local inflammation soon after its application, induces quicker cell proliferation in the affected tissue and maintenance of this rate in a second phase, than in tissue healing without this procedure. CONCLUSIONS: These findings, together with the knowledge that there is a direct relationship between mononuclear cells and neovascularization (the development of a rich system of new vessels in injury caused by cold), suggest that cryosurgery possesses angiogenic stimulus, even though complete healing takes longer to occur. The significance level for statistical tests was 5% (p<0,05).41041

Understanding the elderly user of auditory prostheses

O objetivo principal foi identificar os fatores envolvidos na busca e no uso de próteses auditivas pelos idosos, assim como o conhecimento dos mesmos quanto à Política de Atenção à Saúde Auditiva. Foram selecionados 25 idosos de ambos os sexos usuários de próteses auditivas em Vitória (ES). Foi realizado contato telefônico para participarem da pesquisa respondendo a um questionário. Os resultados mostraram que a maioria dos idosos entrevistados (52%) usa o(s) aparelho(s) durante todo o dia, o que sugere uma boa adaptação ao processo. Treze idosos relataram procurar próteses auditivas por interesse próprio. As facilidades quanto ao uso envolvem a melhora da comunicação e para ouvir TV (64%); as dificuldades foram quanto ao uso em ambientes ruidosos: 56% não conseguem compreender o que é dito em palestras e igrejas, e quanto ao uso do telefone, 72% relataram não apresentar melhora com a prótese. 88% dos idosos participantes desconhecem a política de doação de aparelhos auditivos e 100% não têm conhecimento desse tipo de atendimento. As pesquisas e a prática de serviços de saúde com relação às questões auditivas ainda têm um largo curso a percorrer. Há necessidade de mudança por parte dos gestores com a finalidade de efetivar a própria política que define responsabilidades ao Estado.The main goal was to identify the factors involved in the application for and use of auditory prostheses by the elderly as well as their awareness of the Policy of Care to Auditory Health. 25 elderly people of both sexes using auditory prostheses in Vitória (Espírito Santo, Brazil) were selected. They were contacted by telephone to participate in the research by answering a questionnaire. The results demonstrated that most of the elderly people interviewed (52%) use the device all day which suggests good adaptation to the process. Thirteen elderly people reported that they contacted the prosthesis company of their own accord. The advantages involved better communication and listening to TV (64%) while the difficulties were due to noisy environments; 56% were unable to understand what was being said at lectures, in church, and on the telephone, 72% reported no improvement with the prosthesis. 88% of the elderly participants are unaware of donation policies for auditory devices and 100% are unaware of this kind of service. Research and practices in health services about auditory issues still have far to go. There is a need for a change in management with the objective of putting into action policies which define the responsibilities of the State

Reassessment Of Diagnostic Criteria In Cutaneous Lymphocytic Infiltrates.

Non-specific lymphocytic infiltrates of the skin pose difficulties in daily practice in pathology. There is still a lack of pathognomonic signs for the differential diagnosis between benign and malignant lymphocytic infiltrates. To evaluate the morphological and immunohistochemical profile of lymphocytic infiltrations of the skin according to clinical outcome. Retrospective; histopathological and immunohistochemical analysis. Referral center, university hospital. 28 cases of lymphocytic infiltrates of difficult differential diagnosis selected from the records. Eighteen histological variables and the immunophenotypic profile were assessed using the CD4, CD8, CD3, CD20 and CD30 lymphoid markers and compared to subsequent follow-up. The most common diagnoses were: initial mycosis fungoides (eight cases) and drug reactions (five cases). Single morphological variables did not discriminate between benign and malignant infiltrates except for the presence of Pautrier-Darier's microabscesses, which were found only in mycosis fungoides (p = 0.015). Patterns of superficial and deep infiltration (p = 0.037) and also the presence of eosinophils (p = 0.0207) were more frequently found in benign lymphocytic infiltrates. Immunohistochemical profile of T-cell subsets showed overlap between benign and malignant infiltrates with a predominance of CD4-positive (helper) lymphocytes in the majority of cases. A combination of clinical and histological features remains the most reliable approach for establishing a definite diagnosis in cases of lymphoid skin infiltrates.122161-

Angiokeratoma Of The Vulva.

Angiokeratomas are benign tumors characterized by ectasia of blood vessels in the papillary dermis associated with acanthosis and hyperkeratosis of the epidermis. Dermatological examination of angiokeratomas of Fordyce is characterized by papular keratotic lesions of erythematous-violet color. They are more common in the scrotum, and vulvar involvement is rarely reported. Histopathology is particularly important to distinguish them from other benign and malignant tumors. The article reports the case of a middle-aged black woman with a history of chronic constipation, varicose veins of the lower limbs and cesarean section performed 20 years ago who had had multiple vulvar angiokeratomas for three months.86333-

Diagnosis of Bartonella spp. infection: study of a bacillary angiomatosis case

Several dermatoses are considered idiopathic diseases. Many times lesions such as erythema nodosum or erythema multiformis, for example, cannot have their etiology defined. Human infection caused by Bartonella spp. may determine several clinical syndromic expressions. Starting with a clinically, histologically and ultrastructurally documented bacillary angiomatosis case, a review of medical literature was undertaken to evaluate the available diagnostic criteria regarding infection caused by these agents. Histological evaluations were concluded to be, practically speaking, an important and useful diagnostic method, especially when serology is not available.Várias dermatoses são consideradas idiopáticas. Muitas vezes, afecções como eritema nodoso ou eritema multiforme, por exemplo, não podem ter sua etiologia definida. A infecção humana por Bartonella spp. pode determinar várias expressões clínicas sindrômicas. A partir de um caso de angiomatose bacilar com documentação clínica, histológica e ultra-estrutural, foi feita a revisão da literatura médica para avaliar os critérios diagnósticos disponíveis para a infecção por esses agentes. Conclui-se que a avaliação histológica é, na prática, um importante e útil método diagnóstico, especialmente quando a sorologia não estiver disponível.34935

Angiogenesis in the progression of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma: an immunohistochemical study of endothelial markers

OBJECTIVE: To demonstrate the role of angiogenesis in the progression of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma. INTRODUCTION: Angiogenesis is a pivotal phenomenon in carcinogenesis. Its time course in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma has not yet been fully established. METHODS: We studied the vascular bed in 29 solar keratoses, 30 superficially invasive squamous cell carcinomas and 30 invasive squamous cell carcinomas. The Chalkley method was used to quantify the microvascular area by comparing panendothelial (CD34) with neoangiogenesis (CD105) immunohistochemical markers. The vascular bed from non-neoplastic adjacent skin was evaluated in 8 solar keratoses, 10 superficially invasive squamous cell carcinomas and 10 invasive squamous cell carcinomas. RESULTS: The microvascular area in CD105-stained specimens significantly increased in parallel with cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma progression. However, no differences between groups were found in CD34 sections. Solar keratosis, superficially invasive squamous cell carcinoma and invasive squamous cell carcinoma samples showed significant increases in microvascular area for both CD34- and CD105-stained specimens compared with the respective adjacent skin. DISCUSSION: The angiogenic switch occurs early in the development of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma, and the rate of neovascularization is parallel to tumor progression. In contrast to panendothelial markers, CD105 use allows a dynamic evaluation of tumor angiogenesis. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrated the dependence of skin carcinogenesis on angiogenesis

Larva migrans: relato de caso e revisão

É apresentado um caso de infestação maciça por Ancylostoma sp. em paciente que recebeu terapia sistêmica com corticosteroide. O que chama a atenção neste caso é a exuberância e a raridade da manifestação clínica. Com base na literatura pertinente, discutimos os mecanismos da infecção parasitária, a história natural da doença e seu tratamento.A case of massive Ancylostoma sp. larval infestation is presented in a patient who had received systemic corticosteroid therapy. What attracts attention in this case is the exuberance and rarity of clinical manifestation. Based on the pertinent literature, we discuss the mechanisms of parasital infection, the natural history of the disease and its treatment