152 research outputs found
Group-invariant soliton equations and bi-Hamiltonian geometric curve flows in Riemannian symmetric spaces
Universal bi-Hamiltonian hierarchies of group-invariant (multicomponent)
soliton equations are derived from non-stretching geometric curve flows
\map(t,x) in Riemannian symmetric spaces , including compact
semisimple Lie groups for , . The derivation
of these soliton hierarchies utilizes a moving parallel frame and connection
1-form along the curve flows, related to the Klein geometry of the Lie group
where is the local frame structure group. The soliton
equations arise in explicit form from the induced flow on the frame components
of the principal normal vector N=\covder{x}\mapder{x} along each curve, and
display invariance under the equivalence subgroup in that preserves the
unit tangent vector T=\mapder{x} in the framing at any point on a curve.
Their bi-Hamiltonian integrability structure is shown to be geometrically
encoded in the Cartan structure equations for torsion and curvature of the
parallel frame and its connection 1-form in the tangent space T_\map M of the
curve flow. The hierarchies include group-invariant versions of sine-Gordon
(SG) and modified Korteweg-de Vries (mKdV) soliton equations that are found to
be universally given by curve flows describing non-stretching wave maps and
mKdV analogs of non-stretching Schrodinger maps on . These results provide
a geometric interpretation and explicit bi-Hamiltonian formulation for many
known multicomponent soliton equations. Moreover, all examples of
group-invariant (multicomponent) soliton equations given by the present
geometric framework can be constructed in an explicit fashion based on Cartan's
classification of symmetric spaces.Comment: Published version, with a clarification to Theorem 4.5 and a
correction to the Hamiltonian flow in Proposition 5.1
Multiplex PCRを用いた簡便で感度の高い溺死診断法の開発
For diagnosing death due to drowning, the method of acid digestion of diatoms is widely used to detect plankton in the organs of the corpse. However, the method is limited by its being complex, hazardous, time-consuming, and insufficiently sensitive. We therefore, developed a novel simple method to diagnose death due to drowning, and determined the location of drowning by detecting genes of representative bacteria in the environment. To procure all the information in one step, the multiplex PCR method was designed. For the diagnosis of drowning, the genes of upper respiratory indigenous bacteria, Streptococcus salivarius and Streptococcus sanguinis were used as indicators. For detection of the location of drowning, Aeromonas hydrophila and Microcystis aeruginosa were used as indicators of freshwater, and Vibrio harveyi as an indicator of seawater. A set of primers was designed for multiplex PCR. to amplify all the bacterial genes simultaneously. Using this method, 47 cases of drowning were examined, and the causes and locations of death were diagnosed.博士(医学)・乙第1428号・平成31年3月15
Dendritic retraction, but not atrophy, is consistent in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis-comparison between Onuf’s neurons and other sacral motor neurons-
BACKGROUND: Fundamental cytological changes of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) were looked for by comparing relatively preserved Onuf’s nucleus (ON) and severely affected neighboring motor neuron groups (dorsolateral alpha motoneurons (DL) and other anterior horn neurons (OAH)). The second sacral segments from 11 ALS patients and 5 controls were initially quadruple-labeled for phosphorylated and non-phosphorylated TAR DNA-binding protein of 43 kDa (TDP43), and p62 with DAPI to identify TDP43-related changes. After digital recording of these fluorescence data encompassing the entire specimen at a high resolution, the same sections were stained with Klüver-Barrera method to obtain their exact bright-field counterparts. This novel approach facilitated exact identification of ON. Furthermore, this cell to cell comparison enabled to correlate quantitative indices of the neuronal cell bodies: perimeter, area and circularity index (CI) i.e. the ratio of (perimeter/2π) divided by the square root of (area/π), which decreases with dendritic retraction, overall number of neurons and inclusions. RESULTS: In addition to known preservation of ON neuron number relative to DL and OAH, size reduction of ON neurons was not significant even in the advanced stage. Significant size reduction in DL was counteracted in the presence of TDP43-positive inclusions. Early increase of neuronal size in OAH was further enhanced by the presence of TDP43-positive inclusions. Even with these heterogeneous cytopathological changes, a decrease in CI was consistent in all groups at an early phase and was correlated with neuronal loss. CONCLUSIONS: Among variable cytological changes of ALS, a decrease in CI is a consistent early feature shared between non-atrophic ON neurons and other anterior horn neurons with either decreased (DL) or even increased (OAH) size and profounder neuronal loss. This decrease in CI, representative of dendritic retraction, is fundamental to ALS pathogenesis, not necessarily linked to cell size and pathological inclusions
Integrable generalizations of Schrodinger maps and Heisenberg spin models from Hamiltonian flows of curves and surfaces
A moving frame formulation of non-stretching geometric curve flows in
Euclidean space is used to derive a 1+1 dimensional hierarchy of integrable
SO(3)-invariant vector models containing the Heisenberg ferromagnetic spin
model as well as a model given by a spin-vector version of the mKdV equation.
These models describe a geometric realization of the NLS hierarchy of soliton
equations whose bi-Hamiltonian structure is shown to be encoded in the Frenet
equations of the moving frame. This derivation yields an explicit
bi-Hamiltonian structure, recursion operator, and constants of motion for each
model in the hierarchy. A generalization of these results to geometric surface
flows is presented, where the surfaces are non-stretching in one direction
while stretching in all transverse directions. Through the Frenet equations of
a moving frame, such surface flows are shown to encode a hierarchy of 2+1
dimensional integrable SO(3)-invariant vector models, along with their
bi-Hamiltonian structure, recursion operator, and constants of motion,
describing a geometric realization of 2+1 dimensional bi-Hamiltonian NLS and
mKdV soliton equations. Based on the well-known equivalence between the
Heisenberg model and the Schrodinger map equation in 1+1 dimensions, a
geometrical formulation of these hierarchies of 1+1 and 2+1 vector models is
given in terms of dynamical maps into the 2-sphere. In particular, this
formulation yields a new integrable generalization of the Schrodinger map
equation in 2+1 dimensions as well as a mKdV analog of this map equation
corresponding to the mKdV spin model in 1+1 and 2+1 dimensions.Comment: Published version with typos corrected. Significantly expanded
version of a talk given by the first author at the 2008 BIRS workshop on
"Geometric Flows in Mathematics and Physics
<Abstract of published report>Kinetic and Stereochemical Characterization of Hamster Liver 3α-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase and 3α(17β)-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase.
Pressure-induced phase transition of Bi2Te3 into the bcc structure
The pressure-induced phase transition of bismuth telluride, Bi2Te3, has been
studied by synchrotron x-ray diffraction measurements at room temperature using
a diamond-anvil cell (DAC) with loading pressures up to 29.8 GPa. We found a
high-pressure body-centered cubic (bcc) phase in Bi2Te3 at 25.2 GPa, which is
denoted as phase IV, and this phase apperars above 14.5 GPa. Upon releasing the
pressure from 29.8 GPa, the diffraction pattern changes with pressure
hysteresis. The original rhombohedral phase is recovered at 2.43 GPa. The bcc
structure can explain the phase IV peaks. We assumed that the structural model
of phase IV is analogous to a substitutional binary alloy; the Bi and Te atoms
are distributed in the bcc-lattice sites with space group Im-3m. The results of
Rietveld analysis based on this model agree well with both the experimental
data and calculated results. Therefore, the structure of phase IV in Bi2Te3 can
be explained by a solid solution with a bcc lattice in the Bi-Te (60 atomic%
tellurium) binary system.Comment: 12 pages, 5 figure
Curve Flows in Lagrange-Finsler Geometry, Bi-Hamiltonian Structures and Solitons
Methods in Riemann-Finsler geometry are applied to investigate bi-Hamiltonian
structures and related mKdV hierarchies of soliton equations derived
geometrically from regular Lagrangians and flows of non-stretching curves in
tangent bundles. The total space geometry and nonholonomic flows of curves are
defined by Lagrangian semisprays inducing canonical nonlinear connections
(N-connections), Sasaki type metrics and linear connections. The simplest
examples of such geometries are given by tangent bundles on Riemannian
symmetric spaces provided with an N-connection structure and an
adapted metric, for which we elaborate a complete classification, and by
generalized Lagrange spaces with constant Hessian. In this approach,
bi-Hamiltonian structures are derived for geometric mechanical models and
(pseudo) Riemannian metrics in gravity. The results yield horizontal/ vertical
pairs of vector sine-Gordon equations and vector mKdV equations, with the
corresponding geometric curve flows in the hierarchies described in an explicit
form by nonholonomic wave maps and mKdV analogs of nonholonomic Schrodinger
maps on a tangent bundle.Comment: latex 2e 50 pages, the manuscript is a Lagrange-Finsler
generalization of the solitonic Riemannian formalism from math-ph/0608024, v3
modified following requests of Editor/Referee of J. Geom. Phys., new
references and discussion provided in Conclusio
食用油の選択による脂肪酸バランスの改善と栄養教育の必要性
The effects of cooking oil on the fatty acid balance of the meats by deep-frying were investigated by measuring of fatty acid content and composition using gas chromatography. On the deep-fry using three kinds of cooking oil of which fatty acid composition is different, the SFA (saturated fatty acid) eluted from the meat (pork and chicken), and the characteristic fatty acids [MUFA (monounsaturated fatty acid), PUFA (polyunsaturated fatty acid)] in each cooking oil adhered to the meat. The adhesion of cooking oil increased, as the initial fatty acid content of meat increased. In the case of perilla oil, the adhesion ratio of the oil was the highest, and the n-6/n-3 PUFA ratio was the lowest. These results suggest that a fatty acid balance of diet could be easily improved, by appropriate selection of the cooking oil. The importance of the nutrition education on oil and cooking skill is also suggested
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