17,438 research outputs found
Scenario driven optimal sequencing under deep uncertainty
Abstract not availableEva H.Y. Beh, Holger R. Maier, Graeme C. Dand
d-wave Superconductivity in the Hubbard Model
The superconducting instabilities of the doped repulsive 2D Hubbard model are
studied in the intermediate to strong coupling regime with help of the
Dynamical Cluster Approximation (DCA). To solve the effective cluster problem
we employ an extended Non Crossing Approximation (NCA), which allows for a
transition to the broken symmetry state. At sufficiently low temperatures we
find stable d-wave solutions with off-diagonal long range order. The maximal
occurs for a doping and the doping
dependence of the transition temperatures agrees well with the generic
high- phase diagram.Comment: 5 pages, 5 figure
Multiple timescales for neutralization of fossil fuel CO2
The long term abiological sinks for anthropogenic CO2 will be dissolution in the oceans and chemical neutralization by reaction with carbonates and basic igneous rocks. We use a detailed ocean / sediment carbon cycle model to simulate the response of the carbonate cycle in the ocean to a range of anthropogenic CO2 release scenarios. CaCO3 will play only a secondary role in buffering the CO2 concentration of the atmosphere because CaCO3 reaction uptake capacity and kinetics are limited by the dynamics of the ocean carbon cycle. Dissolution into ocean water sequesters 70-80 of the CO2 release on a time scale of several hundred years. Chemical neutralization of CO2 by reaction with CaCO3 on the sea floor accounts for another 9-15 decrease in the atmospheric concentration on a time scale of 5.5 - 6.8 kyr. Reaction with CaCO3 on land accounts for another 3-8, with a time scale of 8.2 kyr. The final equilibrium with CaCO3 leaves 7.5-8 of the CO2 release remaining in the atmosphere. The carbonate chemistry of the oceans in contact with CaCO3 will act to buffer atmospheric CO2 at this higher concentration until the entire fossil fuel CO2 release is consumed by weathering of basic igneous rocks on a time scale of 200 kyr
Unified algebraic treatment of resonance
Energy resonance in scattering is usually investigated either directly in the
complex energy plane (E-plane) or indirectly in the complex angular momentum
plane (L-plane). Another formulation complementing these two approaches was
introduced recently. It is an indirect algebraic method that studies resonances
in a complex charge plane (Z-plane). This latter approach will be generalized
to provide a unified algebraic treatment of resonances in the complex E-, L-,
and Z-planes. The complex scaling (rotation) method will be used in the
development of this approach. The resolvent operators (Green's functions) are
formally defined in these three spaces. Bound states spectrum and resonance
energies in the E-plane are mapped onto a discrete set of poles of the
respective resolvent operator on the real line of the L- and Z-planes. These
poles move along trajectories as the energy is varied. A finite square
integrable basis is used in the numerical implementation of this approach.
Stability of poles and trajectories against variation in all computational
parameters is demonstrated. Resonance energies for a given potential are
calculated and compared with those obtained by other studies.Comment: 15 pages, 1 Table, 7 Figures (6 are snapshots of videos
On the ratio of consecutive gaps between primes
In the present work we prove a common generalization of Maynard-Tao's recent
result about consecutive bounded gaps between primes and on the
Erd\H{o}s-Rankin bound about large gaps between consecutive primes. The work
answers in a strong form a 60 years old problem of Erd\"os, which asked whether
the ratio of two consecutive primegaps can be infinitely often arbitrarily
small, and arbitrarily large, respectively
Phase behaviour of binary mixtures of diamagnetic colloidal platelets in an external magnetic field
Using fundamental measure density functional theory we investigate
paranematic-nematic and nematic-nematic phase coexistence in binary mixtures of
circular platelets with vanishing thicknesses. An external magnetic field
induces uniaxial alignment and acts on the platelets with a strength that is
taken to scale with the platelet area. At particle diameter ratio lambda=1.5
the system displays paranematic-nematic coexistence. For lambda=2, demixing
into two nematic states with different compositions also occurs, between an
upper critical point and a paranematic-nematic-nematic triple point. Increasing
the field strength leads to shrinking of the coexistence regions. At high
enough field strength a closed loop of immiscibility is induced and phase
coexistence vanishes at a double critical point above which the system is
homogeneously nematic. For lambda=2.5, besides paranematic-nematic coexistence,
there is nematic-nematic coexistence which persists and hence does not end in a
critical point. The partial orientational order parameters along the binodals
vary strongly with composition and connect smoothly for each species when
closed loops of immiscibility are present in the corresponding phase diagram.Comment: 9 pages, to appear in J.Phys:Condensed Matte
Buffering plasmons in nanoparticle waveguides at the virtual-localized transition
We study the plasmonic energy transfer from a locally excited nanoparticle
(LE-NP) to a linear array of small NPs and we obtain the parametric dependence
of the response function. An analytical expression allows us to distinguish the
extended resonant states and the localized ones, as well as an elusive regime
of virtual states. This last appears when the resonance width collapses and
before it becomes a localized state. Contrary to common wisdom, the highest
excitation transfer does not occur when the system has a well defined extended
resonant state but just at the virtual-localized transition, where the main
plasmonic modes have eigenfrequencies at the passband edge. The slow group
velocity at this critical frequency enables the excitation buffering and hence
favors a strong signal inside the chain. A similar situation should appear in
many other physical systems. The extreme sensitivity of this transition to the
waveguide and LE-NP parameters provides new tools for plasmonics.Comment: Regular article: 7 pages and 5 figure
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