Assessing the salt tolerance of selected rice cultivars {oryza sativa L) during the seedling stage

A laboratory study was conducted to evaluate the salt tolerance of selected rice cultivars viz At 307, Bg 358 and 'PachaiperumaP. Paddy seedlings were raised in river sand and were transplanted in Modified Yoshida Solution which contained 120 (Si solution) and OmM (S2 solution) NaCl. The pH of these solutions was adjusted to 4.5 by adding 0.1% nitric acid. This experiment was laid out in the Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with six treatments and four replications. The plant height was recorded on the 3rd and 6th day after transplanting. The number of green leaves, root length and plant dry weight were obtained on the seventh day of transplanting in the culture solution. Results revealed that there were significant differences between treatments in the plant height, number of green leaves and plant dry weight The maximum plant height was obtained in the At 307 (16.7cm) on the 6th day (under stressed condition) while minimum height was observed in the 'Pachaiperumal' (9.25cm). In contrast, 'PachchaiperumaT produced the highest root length (19.8) while Bg 358 produced the lowest root length (16.8). There was no interaction effect on plant height and root length between the cultivars and solution at 5% level. The number of green leaves on the 7* day after transplanting was high in 'PachchaipewmaT (2.25) and it was low in Bg 358 (1.00). Plant dry weight on the seventh day after transplanting in culture solution had significant difference among treatments. At 307 had the maximum plant dry weight (0.17g) in stressed condition and the minimum plant dry weight (0.14g) was obtained by 'PachaiperumaT. It was also found that mere was significant interaction between cultivars and culture solution in plant dry weight. The overall performance of At 307 was the best compared to the other two cultivars with regard to plant height and plant dry weight From these results, At 307 was selected as the best cultivar, which had better salt tolerance compared to the other two cultivars

Performance analysis of single slope solar still using sensible heat storage material

Direct sunlight has been utilized long back for distillation of water. For supplying desalinated water to small communities nearby coastal remote areas solar distillation plants are used. Solar stills are easy to construct, can be done by rural people from locally available materials, simple in operation by unskilled personnel, no hard maintenance is required and almost no operation cost. In order to increase the efficiency of a solar still sensible heat storage materials such as marbles, pebbles, blue metal stone, basalt stone etc. We have used to improve the efficiency of solar still. While using the sensible heat storage material distillation process will continue in both day and night

Antioxidants, anti-proliferative, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic and anti-microbial effects of isolated compounds from Swertia corymbosa (Grieb.) Wight ex C.B. Clark – An in vitro approach

AbstractThe present study, antioxidant, enzyme inhibitory, anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial activity of isolated compounds such as Decussatin (1), Gentiacaulein (2), Swertianin (3), 1,8-dihydroxy-2,6-dimethoxy xanthone (methylswertianin) (4) 8-hydroxy-1,2,4,6-tetramethoxyxanthone (5) and 1,2-dihydroxy-6-methoxyxanthone-8-O-β-d-xylopyranosyl (6) were investigated using an in vitro model. Results of antioxidant studies revealed that the compound 6 possessed an efficient 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) (IC50 07.19±4.56μmol/mL), 2,2-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiozoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS+) (42.62±0.25mmol/L TE/g), superoxide (57.89±3.45μmol/mL), nitric oxide (18.45±1.23μmol/mL) and hydroxyl (12.13±2.76μmol/mL) radical scavenging activities, ferric reducing antioxidant power (14.76±0.10molar Fe (II)/g), metal chelating (213.85±27.18mg EDTA/g) ability. Compounds 6 and 3 exhibited significant anti-proliferative activity. Compound 6 displayed strongest antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae and Escherichia coli with MIC value of 3.90μg/mL and 21.21±0.25 and 20.27±0.11mm zone of inhibition at 25μg/mL concentration respectively. In the membrane stabilization and protein denaturation test 3 was the most potent with an IC50 value of 12.57, 18.75μmol/mL respectively

Tiger Prawn (Penaeus monodon) broodstock of Andaman Molecular Characterisation by RAPD Technique

Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis was used to examine genetic variation in Tiger prawn, Penaeus monodon. Specimens of this prawn were collected from two different geographically separated locations in the Andaman Sea. A total of 30 samples of P. monodon individuals were investigated using nine random primers. The PCR amplification of template DNA produced a total of 26 scorable RAPD bands, having molecular weight ranging from approximately 500 to 5,000 bp of the nine primers tested, the maximum number of loci amplified was 5 with primer 3 and primer 4 followed by primer 1 which recorded 4 distinct scorable bands

Artificial Intelligence-Driven Drug Discovery: Identifying Novel Compounds for Targeted Cancer Therapies

This study delves into the potential of artificial intelligence (AI) in revolutionizing drug discovery, specifically focusing on the identification of new compounds for targeted cancer therapies. Through the application of advanced machine learning algorithms, our methodology achieved impressive predictive accuracy, with an accuracy rate of 92.5%, an AUC-ROC of 0.94, and an AUC-PR of 0.91. The AI models successfully pinpointed 35 novel compounds predicted to demonstrate high efficacy against specific cancer targets, indicating promising prospects for advancements in cancer treatment. Examination of the molecular structures of these identified compounds unveiled positive characteristics, with 90% adhering to Lipinski's Rule of Five, indicating their suitability as potential drug candidates. Additionally, the average predicted half-life of 12 hours suggests advantageous pharmacokinetic properties, bolstering their potential viability. A comparative assessment highlighted the efficiency advantages of the AI-driven approach, revealing an 80% reduction in time and a 65% reduction in costs compared to traditional methods. Beyond its application in targeted cancer therapies, the success of our approach implies broader implications for the pharmaceutical research landscape, offering a more streamlined and accurate methodology. While these outcomes are promising, it is crucial to recognize limitations and stress the importance of sustained collaboration between computational and experimental researchers. Future directions encompass the refinement of models, incorporation of diverse datasets, and rigorous experimental validation. In summary, our study underscores the efficacy of AI-driven drug discovery in identifying new compounds for targeted cancer therapies. The identified compounds, characterized by favorable structural and pharmacokinetic attributes, present a promising avenue for overcoming challenges in current cancer treatments. These findings set the stage for ongoing exploration, collaborative initiatives, and advancements at the intersection of artificial intelligence and drug discover

Improving DTN Routing Performance Using Many-to-Many Communication: A Performance Modeling Study

Abstract-Delay-Tolerant Networks (DTNs) have emerged as an exciting research area with a number of useful applications. Most of these applications would benefit greatly by a reduction in the message delivery delay experienced in the network. The delay performance of DTNs is adversely affected by contention, especially severe in the presence of higher traffic rates and node densities. Many-to-Many (M2M) communication can handle this contention much better than traditional oneto-one communication employing CSMA. In this paper, for the first time, we analytically model the expected delivery delay of a DTN employing epidemic routing and M2M communication. The accuracy of our model is demonstrated by matching the analytical results against those from simulations. We also show using simulations that M2M communication significantly improves the delay performance (with respect to one-to-one CSMA) for highcontention scenarios. We believe our work will enable the effective application of M2M communication to reduce delivery delays in DTNs

Evaluation of Anticonvulsant, Sedative, Anxiolytic, and Phytochemical Profile of the Methanol Extract from the Aerial Parts of Swertia corymbosa (Griseb.) Wight ex C.B. Clarke

The objective of the present study was to evaluate the anxiolytic, antidepressant, and anticonvulsant activity of the methanolic extract of Swertia corymbosa (SCMeOH). After acute toxicity test, oral treatment with SCMeOH at doses of 125, 250, and 500 mg/kg behavioral models of open field, elevated-plus-maze, actophotometer, rotarod, pentylenetetrazole, isoniazid, and maximal electroshock induced seizure models were utilized. In open field test, SCMeOH (125, 250, and 500 mg/kg) ( < 0.01, < 0.001) increased the number of rearings. However, the number of central motor and ambulation ( < 0.01, < 0.001) were reduced. Likewise, the number of entries and the time spent in open arm were increased while the number of locomotion was decreased ( < 0.001) in elevated-plus-maze and actophotometer test, respectively. SCMeOH (125-500 mg/kg) protected the mice against the pentylenetetrazole and isoniazid induced convulsions; it causes significant ( < 0.01 and < 0.001) dose dependent increase in latency of convulsion. Treatment with SCMeOH reduced the duration of the tonic hind limb extension induced by electroshock. Two major compounds such as gentiopicroside and swertianin were analyzed by HPLC system

Genetic algorithm based adaptive offloading for improving IoT device communication efficiency

Improving the communication of Internet of Things (IoT) network is a challenging task as it connects a wide-range of heterogeneous mobile devices. With an extended support from cloud network, the mobile IoT devices demand flexibility and scalability in communication. Increase in density of communicating devices and user request, traffic handling and delay-less service are unenviable. This manuscript introduces genetic algorithm based adaptive offloading (GA-OA) for effective traffic handling in IoT-infrastructure-cloud environment. The process of offloading is designed to mitigate unnecessary delays in request process and to improve the success rate of the IoT requests. The fitness process of GA is distributed among the gateways and infrastructure to handle requests satisfying different communication metrics. The process of GA balances between the optimal and sub-optimal solutions generated to improve the rate of request response. Experimental results prove the consistency of the proposed GA-OA by improving request success ratio, achieving lesser complexity, delay and processing time

Synthesis and characterization of polyethylene glycol-polymethyl methacrylate infused multiwalled carbon nanotube nanocomposite as an efficient thermal energy storage

Organic phase change materials (O-PCMs) are recommended thermal energy storage materials due to low super-cooling, non-corrosive in nature and no phase segregation. Nevertheless, the issue of low thermal conductivity and thermal stability in O-PCMs hinders their extensive use in thermal energy storage (TES). To address this problem, multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) is employed as nano conductive filler to improve thermal properties. In addition, polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) as supporting material is used to reduce the steric hindrance effect of the PEG-1000 and enhance the chemical stability. In this research work, an ultrasonication technique is adopted to develop PEG-PMMA/MWCNT composite with different weight fractions of MWCNT to evaluate the optimum thermal conductivity. Moreover, morphological behaviour, chemical stability, optical absorptivity, thermal property & thermal reliability of developed PEG-PMMA/MWCNT composite are experimentally characterized and scientifically discussed. The highest thermal conductivity is found to be 92.30% at 0.7 wt% of MWCNT. Further, 500 thermal cycles were performed which confirmed the thermal reliability of developed nanocomposites

An Experimental Evaluation of Quenched Fe-Ga Alloys: Structural Magnetic and Magnetostrictive Properties

This study examines the effect of quenching on Fe100-x-Gax (x – 20 & 25) alloys. The long range of D03 ordering causes a minor variation in unit cell, which reduces peak intensity. This existence of D03, coupled with the A2 phase, leads to a decrease in magnetostriction in the quenched 25 at.% Ga alloy, which promotes D03 ordering. An Fe-Ga alloy having 20 at.% Ga that has been quenched possesses the A2 phase, the production of D03 is a first-order transition. Continuous ordering attempts to suppress D03 in 25 at. % Ga alloys were ineffective. Quenched Fe80-Ga20 alloy's saturation magnetization is larger than Fe75-Ga25 alloy. This suggests that lowering the nonmagnetic element Ga promotes saturation magnetization. The rise in material flaws and dislocations is due to the increased Ga content and higher quenching temperature. In a single-phase region, Fe80-Ga20 has the greatest magnetostriction at 85 ppm. Magnetostriction diminishes as Ga content rises to 25%, the D03 structure is responsible for this drop