Generalising KAT to verify weighted computations

Kleene algebra with tests (KAT) was introduced as an algebraic structure to model and reason about classic imperative programs, i.e. sequences of discrete transitions guarded by Boolean tests. This paper introduces two generalisations of this structure able to express programs as weighted transitions and tests with outcomes in non necessarily bivalent truth spaces: graded Kleene algebra with tests (GKAT) and a variant where tests are also idempotent (I-GKAT). In this context, and in analogy to Kozen's encoding of Propositional Hoare Logic (PHL) in KAT we discuss the encoding of a graded PHL in I-GKAT and of its while-free fragment in GKAT. Moreover, to establish semantics for these structures four new algebras are de ned: FSET (T ), FREL(K; T ) and FLANG(K; T ) over complete residuated lattices K and T , and M(n;A) over a GKAT or I-GKAT A. As a nal exercise, the paper discusses some program equivalence proofs in a graded context.POCI-01-0145-FEDER-03094, NORTE-01-0145-FEDER-000037. ERDF – European Regional Development Fund through the Operational Programme for Competitiveness and Internationalisation - COMPETE 2020 Programme and by National Funds through the Portuguese funding agency, FCT - Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia, within project POCI-01-0145-FEDER-030947. This paper is also a result of the project SmartEGOV, NORTE-01-0145-FEDER-000037. The second author is supported in the scope of the framework contract foreseen in the numbers 4, 5 and 6 of the article 23, of the Decree-Law 57/2016, of August 29, changed by Portuguese Law 57/2017, of July 19, at CIDMA (Centro de Investigação e Desenvolvimento em Matemática e Aplicações) UID/MAT/04106/2019

Towards a specification theory for fuzzy modal logic

Fuzziness, as a way to express imprecision, or uncertainty, in computation is an important feature in a number of current application scenarios: from hybrid systems interfacing with sensor networks with error boundaries, to knowledge bases collecting data from often non-coincident human experts. Their abstraction in e.g. fuzzy transition systems led to a number of mathematical structures to model this sort of systems and reason about them. This paper adds two more elements to this family: two modal logics, framed as institutions, to reason about fuzzy transition systems and the corresponding processes. This paves the way to the development, in the second part of the paper, of an associated theory of structured specification for fuzzy computational systems.This work is financed by the ERDF - European Regional Development Fund through the Operational Programme for Competitiveness and Internationalisation -COMPETE 2020 Programme and by National Funds through the Portuguese funding agency, FCT -Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia within project POCI-01-0145-FEDER-029946 -PTDC/CCI-COM/29946/2017

Introducing synchrony in fuzzy automata

This paper introduces a sort of automata and associated languages, often arising in modelling natural phenomena, in which both vagueness and simultaneity are taken as first class citizens. This requires a fuzzy semantics assigned to transitions and a precise notion of a synchronous product to enforce the simultaneous occurrence of actions. The expected relationships between automata and languages are revisited in this setting; in particular it is shown that any subset of a fuzzy synchronous language with the suitable signature forms a synchronous Kleene algebra.NORTE-01-0145-FEDER-000037. POCI-01-0145-FEDER-030947. ERDF – European Regional Development Fund through the Operational Programme for Competitiveness and Internationalisation - COMPETE 2020 Programme and by National Funds through the Portuguese funding agency, FCT - Funda¸c˜ao para a Ciˆencia e a Tecnologia, within projects POCI-01-0145-FEDER-030947 and UID/MAT/04106/2019. The second author is supported in the scope of the framework contract foreseen in the numbers 4, 5 and 6 of the article 23, of the Decree-Law 57/2016, of August 29, changed by Portuguese Law 57/2017, of July 19. This paper is also a result of the project SmartEGOV: Harnessing EGOV for Smart Governance (Foundations, Methods, Tools) NORTE-01-0145- FEDER-000037, supported by Norte Portugal Regional Operational Programme (NORTE 2020), under the PORTUGAL 2020 Partnership Agreement, through the European Regional Development Fund (EFDR). It received further support from the PT-FLAD Chair in Smart Cities & Smart Governanc

Fanconi Syndrome after Ifosfamide Exposure

ntroduction: Ifosfamide is an antineoplastic drug frequently used in the treatment of pediatric malignancies. However it is responsible for nephrotoxicity in up to 30% of patients, which can be manifested from asymptomatic tubulopathy to overt renal failure. We report a case of a patient who developed Fancony syndrome after exposure to ifosfamide. Clinical Case: A two-year-old caucasian boy was diagnosed with stage IV Burkitt lymphoma with hepatic and renal involvement without central nervous system (CNS) invasion. Baseline evaluation showed GFR of 60 mL/min per 1.73 m2 (Shwartz formula, k=0.143). He underwent five cycles of chemotherapy involving cyclophosphamide, vincristine, prednisolone, doxorubicin, methotrexate and cytarabine. The patient was in remission but three months later relapsed with evidence of involvement of the liver and kidneys on CT. Another course of chemotherapy was initiated with ifosfamide, carboplatin, etoposide, rituximab (R-ICE) and intratecal administration of methotrexate and aracitabine. After five cycles of R-ICE, the patient had a bone marrow transplant. According to protocol, busulfan, cyclophosphamide, tacrolimus, methotrexate, fluconazole and acyclovir were administered. No immediate complications were registered. Four months after transplant, the patient showed significant downward growth percentile crossing and urinalysis suggested tubulopathy. Upon nephrologist referral, laboratory investigations showed GFR 60 mL/min per 1.73 m2, metabolic acidosis, hypouricemia, hypokalemia, hypophosphatemia, glycosuria, proteinuria, high FEUa and FEK, and low GFR of phosphorus. Fancony syndrome was diagnosed and adequate supplementation was initiated. After literature review the most probable causing agent was ifosfamide. After adequate treatment patient’s general condition improved with slow percentile recovery. Conclusions: Nephrotoxicity secondary to chemotherapy is a major cause of morbidity in pediatric cancer survivors. Our case represents a rare situation with unspecific clinical signs. Clinicians must be alert to the necessity of close monitoring to identify renal toxicity as early as possible and allow adequate supplementation, which is crucial in preventing side effects.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

On kleene algebras for weighted computation

Kleene algebra with tests (KAT) was introduced as an alge- braic structure to model and reason about classic imperative programs, i.e. sequences of discrete actions guarded by Boolean tests. This paper introduces two generalisations of this structure able to ex- press programs as weighted transitions and tests with outcomes in a not necessary bivalent truth space, namely graded Kleene algebra with tests (GKAT) and Heyting Kleene algebra with tests (HKAT). On these contexts, in analogy to Kozen's encoding of Propositional Hoare Logic (PHL) in KAT [10], we discuss the encoding of a graded PHL in HKAT and of its while-free fragment in GKAT.This work is financed by the ERDF - European Regional Development Fund through the Operational Programme for Competitiveness and Internationalisation - COMPETE 2020 Programme and by National Funds through the Portuguese funding agency, FCT - Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia, within projects POCI-01-0145-FEDER-016692 and UID/MAT/04106/2013. The second author is also supported by the individual grant SFRH/BPD/103004/2014

A semantics and a logic for Fuzzy Arden Syntax

Fuzzy programming languages, such as the Fuzzy Arden Syntax (FAS), are used to describe behaviours which evolve in a fuzzy way and thus cannot be characterized neither by a Boolean outcome nor by a probability distribution. This paper introduces a semantics for FAS, focusing on the weighted parallel interpretation of its conditional statement. The proposed construction is based on the notion of a fuzzy multirelation which associates with each state in a program a fuzzy set of weighted possible evolutions. The latter is parametric on a residuated lattice which models the underlying semantic ‘truth space’. Finally, a family of dynamic logics, equally parametric on the residuated lattice, is introduced to reason about FAS programsThis work was founded by the ERDF — European Regional Development Fund through the Operational Programme for Competitiveness and Internationalisation — COMPETE 2020 Pro gramme and by National Funds through the Portuguese funding agency, FCT — Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia, within projects POCI-01-0145-FEDER-030947and POCI-01-0145-FEDER-02994

Colecistite Aguda Alitiásica - Uma Forma Rara de Hepatite A

info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Analysis of a vegetable oil performance in a milling process by MQL Lubrication

In this work, we carried out a comparison between the dry machining of an aluminum block with conventional cutting oil and a block with vegetable oil. The two oils had different flow rates. Using the Taguchi method, it was possible to determine the matrices for optimizing the best parameters for each group of tests. Then, we studied the utility of using vegetable oil as a cutting lubricant. We found that the vegetable oil studied in this work had good properties in terms of reducing cutting temperatures but was less effective than conventional cutting oil in reducing the surface roughness of the machined part. Tribological tests were carried out to understand the influence of the selected lubricants in reducing friction and wear. After the sliding experiments, which were performed without lubrication in the presence of the same lubricants that were used in the machining tests and in the presence of distilled water, we concluded that vegetable oil has satisfactory lubricating properties that are similar to those of the conventional cutting fluid, indicating a potential for consideration as an effective alternative to the conventional cutting fluid, with economic, environmental, and health advantages.Financial support was provided by Portugal’s national funding FCT/MCTES (PIDDAC) to Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO) (UIDB/00690/2020 and UIDP/00690/2020) and SusTEC (LA/P/0007/2020). Additionally, this work was partially supported by Portuguese FCT, under the reference projects UIDB/04077/2020, UIDB/00532/2020 and UIDB/04436/2020. This research was also partially funded by EXPL2021CIMO_01. Inês Afonso acknowledges the financial support of CIMO through EXPL2021CIMO_01

A novel cythorhabdorivirus in arracacha (Arracacia Xanthorrhiza).

Resumo PIV226

Productivity, quality of fruits and architecture of Jalapeño pepper at different planting densities.

Mechanizing the harvest of Jalapeño pepper involves changes in the production system. Spacings between plants in rows (10 to 40 cm; 60 cm fixed between rows) were evaluated in relation to plant architecture, productivity and fruit quality of cultivar BRS Sarakura during three years, in a randomized complete block design with five replicates. Productivity (41.9 to 78.8 t ha-1) and plant height (40.1 to 47.3 cm) responded linearly to density; on the other hand, productivity per plant responded negatively (0.48 to 1.04 kg plant-1)