6,439 research outputs found
Messages and findings from the Department of Health drugs misuse research initiative: final overview report
This overview report summarizes the outcome of Phase One of the Drugs Misuse Research Initiative, which was funded through the Policy Research Programme at the Department of Health. The views expressed are those of the author and are not necessarily those of the Department of Health. The brief summaries of key messages and findings from each project are drawn from their final reports and executive summaries, and from commentaries on and discussions of these reports. The selection of what are "key" findings and lessons for research, policy, and practice are those of myself, as author of the overview report, but derive directly from the substantial reports produced by project teams. I hope I have done justice to their work, while recognizing that the interpretation and contextualization are my own, as is responsibility for any errors. The authors of the executive summaries which follow the overview report are the project teams themselves
Welfare: theoretical and analytical paradigms
The paper reviews paradigms of welfare, principally the industrialization thesis, the
three worlds of welfare and social investment states and shows how these link to wider
public policies and underlying assumptions. It locates explanations in historical and
contemporary contexts. The literature of social policy is seen to be both descriptive and
prescriptive and to have developed in response to key crises. The paper considers
arguments for and against universalism and targeting, and shows how these concepts fit
within theories of welfare. It considers lessons from this review for discussions of how
to develop social security and health systems in emerging economies and indicates the
value of systems that include all or the vast majority of the population, organized
around principles of collective social insurance and recognize the value of caring work.
Proposals have, however, to be set in economic systems with fair, living wages and
progressive income tax structures—goals which run counter to the current trajectory of
financial capitalism
The Alcohol Concern SMART recovery pilot project: final evaluation report
Evaluation of the Alcohol Concern/SMART Recovery (Self Mangement and Recovery Training) pilot project. The pilot project ran in England from 2008-2010 and was funded by the Department of Health
Impact of varying intensities of blue-light exposure on 3T3 cells
There is the need to develop a compatible sterilisation method for hybrid biomaterials. High-intensity blue light in the 405 nm region has been shown to be an effective bacterial decontamination method [1], to cause no noticeable damage to the gross structure of type-I collagen monomer (when treated at 10 mW/cm2) [2], and to have no noticeable effect on 3T3 cell viability, growth rate, redox state or lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) leakage (at 1.0 mW/cm2) [2]. The purpose of this research was to investigate the effect of varying the blue-light intensity on the 3T3 cell response parameters
Combined treatment of biomatrices with nisin and pulsed electric fields as a potential decontamination method?
Pulsed electric field (PEF) treatment has been shown to achieve bacterial inactivation in collagen gels whilst retaining the ability of the collagen to function as a biomaterial [1, 2]. Nisin, an antimicrobial peptide, has been used widely as a food preservative and has shown bactericidal action against a number of Gram-positive bacteria [3]. The potential of nisin to increase the efficacy of PEF disinfection of collagen gels to be used for tissue engineering applications was investigated
Telecommunications and radio-metric support for a manned mission to Mars
Some general characteristics of the Deep Space Network are described and related to services needed by a manned mission to Mars. Specific details of the current Network capabilities and those planned for the near future may be found in the reference
Drug and Alcohol Studies (Volume 3: Methods and Measurements)
The field of drug and alcohol studies has expanded rapidly in recent years, with estimates of at least a doubling in the number of publications in the past decades. A feature of this wide and multidisciplinary field is the tendency of sub-groups of scholars to operate within their disciplinary silos, paying only token attention to the contributions of others. There are also, naturally, significant differences in approaches of different countries, reflecting different policy frameworks and cultural perspectives. When faced with these challenges to comprehensive study, a publication such as this new six-volume collection - which aims to bring together the various disparate strands of the topic, including key articles written by scholars from across the globe, disciplines and decades - truly proves itself to be a unique and valuable resource for specialist students and researchers in the field.
VOLUME THREE: METHODS AND MEASUREMENTS
Evaluation of Heroin Maintenance in a Controlled Trial Richard Hartnoll et al
Cost-Benefit Analysis of Drug Treatment Services William Cartwright
Review of the Literature
The National Treatment Outcome Research Study (NTORS) Michael Gossop et al
Four to Five-Year Follow-up Results
Scientific and Political Challenges in North America's First Randomized Controlled Trial of Heroin-Assisted Treatment for Severe Heroin Addiction Eugenia Oviedo-Joekes et al
Rationale and Design of the NAOMI Study
Co-Morbidity of Mental Disorders with Alcohol and Other Drug Abuse Darrel A. Regier et al
Results from the Epidemiologic Catchment Area (ECA) Study
Alcohol Consumption and Injury in Western Australia Richard Midford et al
A Spatial Correlation Analysis Using Geographic Information Systems
Development of the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) J. Saunders et al
WHO Collaborative Project on Early Detection of Persons with Harmful Alcohol Consumption
Unravelling the Preventive Paradox for Acute Alcohol Problems Tim Stockwell et al
Assessing Alcohol Consumption Lee Strunin
Developments from Qualitative Research Methods
Measuring Alcohol-Related Consequences in School Surveys Gerhard Gmel et al
Alcohol Attributable Consequences or Consequences with Students' Alcohol Attribution
Rapid Assessment and Response Studies of Injecting Drug Use Gerry Stimson et al
Knowledge Gain, Capacity-Building and Intervention Development in a Multisite Study
The Application of Ethnography with Reference to Harm Reduction in Sverdiovsk Russia Robert Power
Putting It in Context Nicholas Jenkins et al
The Use of Vignettes in Qualitative Interviewing
Development of a Rational Scale to Assess the Harms of Drugs of Potential Misuse David Nutt et al
The Clinical Utility of Brain SPECT Imaging in Process Addictions Daniel Amen, Kristen Willeumier and Robert Johnso
Drug and Alcohol Studies (Volume 4: Policy approaches)
VOLUME FOUR: POLICY APPROACHES
Preface Robert MacCoun and Peter Reuter
The Varieties of Drug Control at the Dawn of the 21st Century
Comparative Analysis of Alcohol Control Policies in 30 Countries Donald Brand et al
A Comparative Study of 38 European Countries
Limited Rationality and the Limits of Supply Reduction Jonathan Caulkins and Robert MacCoun
The Limited Relevance of Drug Policy Craig Reinerman, Peter Cohen and Hendrien Kaal
Cannabis in Amsterdam and San Francisco
AIDS and Injecting Drug Use in the United Kingdom, 1987-1993 Gerry Stimson
The Policy Response and the Prevention of the Epidemic
Treatment of What? Class, Gender and Work Ethics within the Compulsory Institutional Care of Alcohol Abusers in Sweden during the 20th Century Johan Edman
From Margin to Mainstream Dagmar Hedrich, Alessandro Pirona and Lucas Wiessing
The Evolution of Harm Reduction Responses to Problem Drug Use in Europe
What Can We Learn from the Portuguese Decriminalization of Illicit Drugs? Caitlin Elizabeth Hughes and Alex Stevens
Effects of Alcohol Tax and Price Policies on Morbidity and Mortality Alexander Wagenaar et al
A Systematic Review
Alcohol Industry Influences on U.K. Alcohol Policy Benjamin Hawkins et al
A New Research Agenda for Public Health
Counting the Costs of the War on Drugs Steve Rolles et al
Executive Summary
The Death Penalty for Drug Offences: Global Overview 2012 Patrick Gallahue et al
Towards Revision of the U.N. Drug Control Conventions David Bewley-Taylor
Harnessing Like-Mindednes
Drug and Alcohol Studies (Volume 2: Theoretical Studies)
VOLUME TWO: THEORETICAL PERSPECTIVES
Excerpt from Drug, Set and Setting: The Basis for Controlled Intoxicant Use N. Zinberg
Sociocultural Anthropology and Alcohol and Drug Research Geoffrey Hunt and Judith Barker
Towards a Unified Theory
Addiction Is a Brain Disease and It Matters Alan Leshner
Drug Dependence A. Thomas McLellan et al
A Chronic Mental Illness
Alcohol Dependence Griffith Edwards and Milton Gross
Provisional Description of a Clinical Syndrome
Illicit Drugs and the Rise of Epidemiology during the 1960s Alex Mold
A Conceptual Framework for Explaining Drug Addiction Nick Heather
Addiction as an Excessive Appetite Jim Orford
Becoming a Marijuana User Howard Becker
The 'Risk Environment' Tim Rhodes
A Framework for Understanding and Reducing Drug-Related Harm
The Social Basis of Drug Dependency J. Young
The Legacy of 'Normalization' Fiona Measham and Michael Shiner '
The Role of Classical and Contemporary Criminological Theory in Understanding Young People's Drug Use
Taking Care of Business Edward Preble and John Casey
The Heroin User's Life on the Street
The Concept of Alcoholism as a Bad Habit R. Reinert
Illegal Lemons P. Reuter and J. Caulkins
Price Dispersion in Cocaine and Heroin Market
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