Felicidad como fuerza en la promoción de la salud del adolescente y adulto joven

to assess the relation between sociodemographic characteristics of young people associated with the subjectivity of being happy; to evaluate the relationship between the subjectivity of being happy and the perception of health status; to evaluate the relationship between the subjectivity of being happy and the school and family environments and peer groups at school.Objetivos: avaliar a relação entre as características sociodemográficas dos jovens associadas à subjetividade de ser feliz; avaliar a relação entre a subjetividade de ser feliz e a percepção do estado de saúde; avaliar a relação entre a subjetividade de ser feliz e o ambiente escolar, familiar e grupo de pares na escola. Métodos: estudo observacional, com amostra intencional de 1.069 jovens portugueses, entre 14 e 24 anos, maioria do sexo feminino, que frequenta o ensino secundário. Utilizou-se o questionário de autopreenchimento. Resultados: destacam-se associações estatisticamente significativas entre a subjetividade de ser feliz e a escolaridade, a percepção do estado de saúde, APGAR Familiar, o envolvimento escolar e familiar, ausência de problemas ou provocações pelos pares na escola. Conclusões: um cuidado positivo e holístico aliado ao potencial de obtenção e consolidação de padrões de vida saudáveis dos jovens permitirá aos profissionais de saúde percebê-los como agentes de mudança individual e social.Objetivos: evaluar la relación entre las características sociodemográficas de los jóvenes asociadas con la subjetividad de ser feliz; evaluar la relación entre la subjetividad de ser feliz y la percepción del estado de salud; evaluar la relación entre la subjetividad de ser feliz y el ambiente escolar, familiar y grupo de pares en la escuela. Métodos: estudio observacional con una muestra de 1.069 jóvenes portugueses, entre los 14 y los 24 años, en su mayoría mujeres, que asiste a la escuela secundaria. Se utilizó el cuestionario de autollenado. Resultados: se destacan asociaciones estadísticamente significativas entre la subjetividad de ser feliz y la escolaridad, la percepción del estado de salud, el APGAR Familiar, la participación escolar y familiar, ausencia de problemas o provocaciones por los pares en la escuela. Conclusiones: un cuidado positivo y holístico aliado al potencial de obtención y consolidación de patrones de vida saludables de los jóvenes permitirá a los profesionales de la salud percibirlos como agentes de cambio individual y social.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Cultura organizacional para a mudança num contexto hospitalar: uma perspectiva de enfermagem

Objetivo: Avaliar a preparação organizacional de um hospital para suportar a translação do conhecimento e a sua incorporação na prática clínica; Identificar as dimensões prioritárias a desenvolver, capazes de suportar a translação do conhecimento e a sua incorporação na prática clínica. Métodos: Estudo descritivo, exploratório e correlacional, enquadrado no paradigma quantitativo, com aplicação do questionário Organizational Readiness for Knowledge Translation, numa amostra não probabilística de 275 enfermeiros de uma instituição hospitalar. Resultados: A dimensão “Clima Organizacional para a Mudança”, foi a que reuniu maior consenso, sugerindo, nas equipes, a presença de coesão e abertura orientada para a mudança (média de 34,07 em 50 pontos). A dimensão da “Liderança” (média de 31,26 em 50 pontos) acumulou a menor representação, destacando-se a percepção neutra dos participantes sobre a grande maioria dos itens que compõem esta dimensão; quando analisada o global da escala, a média das respostas situaram-se acima do valor médio. Conclusão: Evidenciou-se, bom nível de preparação organizacional para a translação do conhecimento, traduzindo uma percepção positiva dos enfermeiros. Verificámos, nas lideranças, dificuldades no processo de planeamento e avaliação, bem como nas atividades promotoras do envolvimento dos colaboradores.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Sadness and hopelessness feelings in Portuguese youngers

Introduction: Sadness as a basic of the human being emotion. It can be associated with the intrinsic of the younger’s characteristics and their context. It may manifest as discouragement, unwillingness to perform routine and social activities, low self-esteem or aloneness. Hopelessness arises when there is no sight of possibilities, confidence in others or future, enthusiasm for life being. That can inhibit the set goals and energy mobilization. These feelings may be signs of more complex problems, such as depressive disorders when associated with loss of interest or pleasure, changes in appetite, sleep and concentration and suicidal ideation thoughts. Aims: To identify the sadness and hopelessness feelings perceived by the younger´s and the associations between these feelings and demographic, educational and family characteristics. Method: Descriptive correlational study with 1377 Portuguese younger´s, which go into high school, aged 14-21 years, average age 17 years and mostly female. Was used the survey “Comportamentos de saúde, comportamentos de risco e envolvimento dos jovens com a escola e a família” Results: Sadness and hopelessness were not noticed by most younger´s. However, there is a higher risk in younger’s with negative school performance, who relate good relationship with colleagues, have never felt threatened by their colleagues, when they become involved with school and family and even if they are perceived the family as functional. Conclusions: Health professionals should identify early, value feelings of sadness and hopelessness in younger´s and have a transdisciplinary and inclusive practice in health education, in school and family contexts.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Quantized Nambu-Poisson Manifolds in a 3-Lie Algebra Reduced Model

We consider dimensional reduction of the Bagger-Lambert-Gustavsson theory to a zero-dimensional 3-Lie algebra model and construct various stable solutions corresponding to quantized Nambu-Poisson manifolds. A recently proposed Higgs mechanism reduces this model to the IKKT matrix model. We find that in the strong coupling limit, our solutions correspond to ordinary noncommutative spaces arising as stable solutions in the IKKT model with D-brane backgrounds. In particular, this happens for S^3, R^3 and five-dimensional Neveu-Schwarz Hpp-waves. We expand our model around these backgrounds and find effective noncommutative field theories with complicated interactions involving higher-derivative terms. We also describe the relation of our reduced model to a cubic supermatrix model based on an osp(1|32) supersymmetry algebra.Comment: 22 page

The kSORT Assay to Detect Renal Transplant Patients at High Risk for Acute Rejection: Results of the Multicenter AART Study

Development of noninvasive molecular assays to improve disease diagnosis and patient monitoring is a critical need. In renal transplantation, acute rejection (AR) increases the risk for chronic graft injury and failure. Noninvasive diagnostic assays to improve current late and nonspecific diagnosis of rejection are needed. We sought to develop a test using a simple blood gene expression assay to detect patients at high risk for AR. We developed a novel correlation-based algorithm by step-wise analysis of gene expression data in 558 blood samples from 436 renal transplant patients collected across eight transplant centers in the US, Mexico, and Spain between 5 February 2005 and 15 December 2012 in the Assessment of Acute Rejection in Renal Transplantation (AART) study. Gene expression was assessed by quantitative real-time PCR (QPCR) in one center. A 17-gene set—the Kidney Solid Organ Response Test (kSORT)—was selected in 143 samples for AR classification using discriminant analysis (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve [AUC] = 0.94; 95% CI 0.91–0.98), validated in 124 independent samples (AUC = 0.95; 95% CI 0.88–1.0) and evaluated for AR prediction in 191 serial samples, where it predicted AR up to 3 mo prior to detection by the current gold standard (biopsy). A novel reference-based algorithm (using 13 12-gene models) was developed in 100 independent samples to provide a numerical AR risk score, to classify patients as high risk versus low risk for AR. kSORT was able to detect AR in blood independent of age, time post-transplantation, and sample source without additional data normalization; AUC = 0.93 (95% CI 0.86–0.99). Further validation of kSORT is planned in prospective clinical observational and interventional trials. The kSORT blood QPCR assay is a noninvasive tool to detect high risk of AR of renal transplants

Importance of TP53 codon 72 and intron 3 duplication 16bp polymorphisms in prediction of susceptibility on breast cancer

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p><it>TP53 </it>is one of major tumour suppressor genes being essential in preservation of genome integrity. Two very common polymorphisms have been demonstrated to contribute to cancer susceptibility and tumour behaviour. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the role of <it>Arg72Pro </it>and <it>PIN3 Ins16bp </it>polymorphisms in <it>TP53 </it>gene as genetic susceptibility and predictive markers to breast cancer.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>We analysed DNA samples from 264 breast cancer patients and 440 controls, for <it>TP53 Arg72Pro </it>and <it>PIN3 Ins16bp </it>polymorphisms using PCR-RFLP.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>We observed that women with <it>A2A2 </it>genotype have increased risk for developing breast cancer, either in women with or without familial history (FH) of the disease (OR = 4.40, 95% CI 1.60–12.0; p = 0.004; OR = 3.88, 95% CI 1.18–12.8; p = 0.026, respectively). In haplotype analysis, statistically significant differences were found between <it>TP53 Arg-A2 </it>haplotype frequencies and familial breast cancer cases and the respective control group (OR = 2.10, 95% CI 1.08–4.06; p = 0.028). Furthermore, both <it>TP53 </it>polymorphisms are associated with higher incidence of lymph node metastases.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Our findings suggest <it>TP53 PIN3 Ins16bp </it>polymorphism as a real risk modifier in breast cancer disease, either in sporadic and familial breast cancer. Furthermore, both TP53 polymorphisms are associated with higher incidence of lymph node metastases.</p

The porin and the permeating antibiotic: A selective diffusion barrier in gram-negative bacteria

Gram-negative bacteria are responsible for a large proportion of antibiotic resistant bacterial diseases. These bacteria have a complex cell envelope that comprises an outer membrane and an inner membrane that delimit the periplasm. The outer membrane contains various protein channels, called porins, which are involved in the influx of various compounds, including several classes of antibiotics. Bacterial adaptation to reduce influx through porins is an increasing problem worldwide that contributes, together with efflux systems, to the emergence and dissemination of antibiotic resistance. An exciting challenge is to decipher the genetic and molecular basis of membrane impermeability as a bacterial resistance mechanism. This Review outlines the bacterial response towards antibiotic stress on altered membrane permeability and discusses recent advances in molecular approaches that are improving our knowledge of the physico-chemical parameters that govern the translocation of antibiotics through porin channel

Fluorescence-Based Methods for Detecting Caries Lesions: Systematic Review, Meta-Analysis and Sources of Heterogeneity

Background Fluorescence-based methods have been proposed to aid caries lesion detection. Summarizing and analysing findings of studies about fluorescence-based methods could clarify their real benefits. Objective We aimed to perform a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the accuracy of fluorescence-based methods in detecting caries lesions. Data Source Two independent reviewers searched PubMed, Embase and Scopus through June 2012 to identify papers/articles published. Other sources were checked to identify non-published literature. Study Eligibility Criteria, Participants and Diagnostic Methods The eligibility criteria were studies that: (1) have assessed the accuracy of fluorescence-based methods of detecting caries lesions on occlusal, approximal or smooth surfaces, in both primary or permanent human teeth, in the laboratory or clinical setting; (2) have used a reference standard; and (3) have reported sufficient data relating to the sample size and the accuracy of methods. Study Appraisal and Synthesis Methods A diagnostic 2×2 table was extracted from included studies to calculate the pooled sensitivity, specificity and overall accuracy parameters (Diagnostic Odds Ratio and Summary Receiver-Operating curve). The analyses were performed separately for each method and different characteristics of the studies. The quality of the studies and heterogeneity were also evaluated. Results Seventy five studies met the inclusion criteria from the 434 articles initially identified. The search of the grey or non-published literature did not identify any further studies. In general, the analysis demonstrated that the fluorescence-based method tend to have similar accuracy for all types of teeth, dental surfaces or settings. There was a trend of better performance of fluorescence methods in detecting more advanced caries lesions. We also observed moderate to high heterogeneity and evidenced publication bias. Conclusions Fluorescence-based devices have similar overall performance; however, better accuracy in detecting more advanced caries lesions has been observed