Hard to recall but easy to judge: retrieval strategies in social information processing

The present research distinguishes two different retrieval modes: exhaustive and heuristic retrieval. Whereas exhaustive retrieval is elemental and retrieves specific memory traces, the output of heuristic retrieval is a memory composite. Different memory tasks depend upon these two retrieval modes in various degrees. Using a part-list cueing paradigm, we found a dissociation: providing part-list cues hindered the retrieval of the non-cued behaviors in free recall but boosted frequency estimates. In a second study, using a collaborative recall paradigm, each of three participants recalled one of the previously presented behaviors in turn. We hypothesized that behaviors recalled by other participants would become hyper-accessible, inhibiting the retrieval of non-recalled behaviors but boosting the corresponding frequency estimates relative to non-collaborative recall conditions. The results supported the hypotheses. The parallelism of the results of the two studies suggests that retrieval interference or inhibition is a crucial feature of social memory.info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersio

Enhancing the comparability between part-list cueing and collaborative recall

The effects of part-list cueing and of collaborative recall in memory performance have been recently addressed as parallel phenomena. Notably they both impair recall (and boost frequency estimates) and they have been explained by the same underlying mechanisms. However the comparability between the two paradigms is hindered by a number of procedural differences. The main contribution of this paper is the introduction of a new paradigm that makes standard part-list cueing and collaborative recall more comparable. In our study we compared free recall and frequency estimates of participants in a non-cueing condition with the same performance in a standard partlist cueing condition and in a condition in which part-list cues were gradually presented during recall (as it occurs in collaborative recall). Results indicate that the effects of part-list cueing continued to be reliable in both cueing conditions. Namely, recall was impaired and frequency estimates were boosted relatively to a non-cueing condition. The results obtained with this new method that enhances the direct comparability of the two paradigms, provides further evidence for the parallel between the two effects.info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersio

Automatic and controlled components of judgment under uncertainty

The categorization of inductive reasoning into largely automatic processes (heuristic reasoning) and controlled analytical processes (rule-based reasoning) put forward by dual-process approaches of judgment under uncertainty (e.g., Stanovich & West, 2000) has been primarily a matter of assumption with a scarcity of direct empirical findings supporting it. We used the process dissociation procedure (Jacoby, 1991) to provide convergent evidence validating a dual-process perspective to judgment under uncertainty based on the independent contributions of heuristic and rule-based reasoning. Process dissociations based on experimental manipulation of variables were derived from relevant theoretical properties typically used to contrast the two forms of reasoning. These included processing goals (Experiment 1) and priming (Experiment 2). Results consistently supported the present perspective. We conclude that judgment under uncertainty is not either an automatic or controlled process, but that it reflects both processes, with each making independent contributions.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Besoins d'apprentissage et sentiment d'auto-efficacité chez des patients atteints d'un syndrome coronarien aigu, à Girona, Espagne

Mémoire numérisé par la Direction des bibliothèques de l'Université de Montréal

Habitatge buit i altres situacions anòmales del Parc d'habitatge: diagnosi i estratègies d'actuació: el cas de Molins de Rei. Part I: Infrahabitatge

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Habitatge buit i altres situacions anòmales del Parc d'habitatge: diagnosi i estratègies d'actuació: el cas de Molins de Rei. Part II: Parc vacant

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Habitatge buit i altres situacions anòmales del Parc d'habitatge: diagnosi i estratègies d'actuació: el cas de Molins de Rei: pla de treball

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Habitatge buit i altres situacions anòmales del Parc d'habitatge: diagnosi i estratègies d'actuació: el cas de Molins de Rei. Part III: Parc sobreocupació

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The urgent need to recover MHC class I in cancers for effective immunotherapy

We would like to thank Dr M Bernal who has helped us in preparing the figure for the manuscript. This work was supported by grants co-financed by FEDER funds (EU) from the Instituto de Salud Carlos III (CP03/0111, PI12/02031, PI 08/1265, PI 11/01022, PI11/01386, PI14/01978, PI15/00528, RETIC RD 06/020, RD09/0076/00165, PT13/0010/0039), Junta de Andalucia in Spain (Group CTS-143, and CTS-695, CTS-3952, CVI-4740 and PI 09/0382 grant), Worldwide Cancer Research 15-1166 grant, and by Dutch Cancer Society (UL 2010-4785, TvH).Immune escape strategies aimed to avoid T-cell recognition, including the loss of tumor MHC class I expression, are commonly found in malignant cells. Tumor immune escape has proven to have a negative effect on the clinical outcome of cancer immunotherapy, including treatment with antibodies blocking immune checkpoint molecules. Hence, there is an urgent need to develop novel approaches to overcome tumor immune evasion. MHC class I antigen presentation is often affected in human cancers and the capacity to induce upregulation of MHC class I cell surface expression is a critical step in the induction of tumor rejection. This review focuses on characterization of rejection, escape, and dormant profiles of tumors and its microenvironment with a special emphasis on the tumor MHC class I expression. We also discuss possible approaches to recover MHC class I expression on tumor cells harboring reversible/‘soft’ or irreversible/‘hard’ genetic lesions. Such MHC class I recovery approaches might well synergize with complementary forms of immunotherapy.FEDER funds (EU) from the Instituto de Salud Carlos III CP03/0111 PI12/02031 PI 08/1265 PI 11/01022 PI11/01386 PI14/01978 PI15/00528 RETIC RD 06/020 RD09/0076/00165 PT13/0010/0039Junta de Andalucía CTS-143 CTS-695 CTS-3952 CVI-4740 PI 09/0382Worldwide Cancer Research 15-1166KWF Kankerbestrijding UL 2010-478