Головування в Раді Європейського Союзу (порівняльний аналіз продуктивності головування великих та малих країн)

Presidency of the Council of the European Union is one of the most important forms of broadening access to decide and administer in the European Union. The way how to manage the EU administration for a period of six months depends not only on the budget allocated to it, but also on the position and size of the state. This article concerns the comparison of the activities of smaller states and those known as a European leaders. I have focused here on setting priorities for action and the effectiveness of their implementation.Due to the nature of the organization EU where the controls on short time acquires one of the members of the Presidency, we can perform in two basic ways. Namely, we can distinguish Brussels and the national model. In the first case, this means that most of the tasks and responsibilities of the administrative and technical activities based on the state of the Permanent Representation in Brussels. The government simply defines a framework for business while leaving the rest of professionally prepared pre-selected group of officials to the best jobs to fill them with content. On the other hand, we have the national presidency, where is the capital city of the state is responsible for dealing with organizational and logistical and above all, the very center of decision-making and substantive , in which the Permanent Representation to provide only the information necessary to manageBrussels variant is characterized by a greater degree of preparation of substantive than politicking. I risked finding technocratic, where we get greater mobility and accuracy of decision because we are in a place where it takes place, European policy and avoid congestion information or their coupling. This model is preferred by smaller countries that are not rich enough to invest in the Presidency and human capital. In turn, the national model gives more political power, and the ability to use the wealth of the national administration and human resources. Experience shows that the model of Brussels is more preferred, except that the politicians always want to have the ultimate impact on the main game, especially the Council and the European CouncilSetting the agenda in terms of time, in which each country holds the presidency causes some limitations on what tasks can be undertaken. Using J. Tallberg opinion, we can distinguish three stages of its creation. Namely agenda setting concerns the introduction of copyright ideas that countries want to achieve during his presidency, while just six months which force causes the country often "inherit" a solution to the predecessor and forces him to continue the project or blocking what is called structuring agenda. At the end of the matter remains that countries do not want to completely removing them to take on an active agenda of what we call the exclusion agenda. The impact of the country's agenda is not as big as if it might seem, because a substantial part of the Presidency is determined by previous Presidencies, and the normal operation of the EU. This situation greatly reduces the possibility of creating reality or revolutionize the structures and activities of the EU by the State.Making their priorities should be about 6 months before taking the presidency.To work was smooth, you should make an assessment of the individual elements from the point of view of controversy, complexity, assessment of the time needed to carry them out, taking into account the decision-making process and stages of consultation. For each country being the first the trio have a responsibility to conduct the 18-month program, so that the first, the largest country of the three lay greater commitment of implementing the largest part of the program.The last two presidencies had to deal with crisis situations. For Germany, Portugal and Slovenia, the most important was the calming moods and go through the institutional stalemate after the rejection of the Constitutional Treaty. The cooperation of these three countries has resulted in the signing of the Treaty of Lisbon. Economic and financial crisis met the trio France, Czech Republic, Sweden. In this case, there was no positive cooperation between France and the Czech Republic. The leaders were engaged in public disputes criticizing each other. Unlike France, Swedes and Czechs cooperation was fruitful particularly in technical and organizational matters.The experience of the countries surveyed suggest that to succeed in the exercise of conductivity is one of the most important conditions is to create a system of mobile coordination actions. This cooperation should be taken long before taking this feature to the very start have ensured the support of a broad coalition prepared and creative resources officials.Осуществлен сравнительный анализ особенностей председательства малых государств и тех, которые считаются мощными европейскими странами, в Совете Европейского Союза; акцентировано на приоритетных направлениях их деятельности и эффективности ее реализации.Здійснено порівняльний аналіз особливостей головування малих держав і тих, які вважаються потужними європейськими країнами, в Раді Європейського Союзу; акцентовано на пріоритетних напрямках їхньої діяльності й ефективності її реалізації

Naturalism of early Schelling's philosophy and criticism of correlationism

Celem artykułu jest zaprezentowanie wczesnej filozofii Schellinga, ze szczególnym podkreśleniem jej naturalistycznego sensu. Staram się także umiejscowić jego projekt na gruncie dokonanej przez Meillassoux krytyki korelacji i pokazać jak koresponduje on z jego próbą wypracowania pokantowskiego realizmu oraz nowej koncepcji absolutu.Aim of the fallowing study is to present a naturalisitc dimension of the early Schelling's philosophy. Also, I try to locate his project in the context of Meillassoux's critic of correlation and present how it is relates of his post-kantian realism and new concept of the absolute

Learning to cooperate : implications for humanistic management

The contemporary business education has been promoting competition to the detriment of cooperation. This is unfortunate, given the magnitude and complexity of the current crisis facing humanity: a situation which urgently requires cooperation. Based on an ethnographic study of IT management consultants, we propose a practice-based framework for education and training rooted in humanistic management principles to remedy this lack

Rituele repertoires: volkscultuur in oostelijk Noord-Brabant, 1559-1853

Contains fulltext : mmubn000001_187378991.pdf (publisher's version ) (Open Access)Promotor : M. Spiertz cum laude702 p

Reconfiguring health workforce: a case-based comparative study explaining the increasingly diverse professional roles in Europe

Abstract Background Over the past decade the healthcare workforce has diversified in several directions with formalised roles for health care assistants, specialised roles for nurses and technicians, advanced roles for physician associates and nurse practitioners and new professions for new services, such as case managers. Hence the composition of health care teams has become increasingly diverse. The exact extent of this diversity is unknown across the different countries of Europe, as are the drivers of this change. The research questions guiding this study were: What extended professional roles are emerging on health care teams? How are extended professional roles created? What main drivers explain the observed differences, if any, in extended roles in and between countries? Methods We performed a case-based comparison of the extended roles in care pathways for breast cancer, heart disease and type 2 diabetes. We conducted 16 case studies in eight European countries, including in total 160 interviews with physicians, nurses and other health care professionals in new roles and 600+ hours of observation in health care clinics. Results The results show a relatively diverse composition of roles in the three care pathways. We identified specialised roles for physicians, extended roles for nurses and technicians, and independent roles for advanced nurse practitioners and physician associates. The development of extended roles depends upon the willingness of physicians to delegate tasks, developments in medical technology and service (re)design. Academic training and setting a formal scope of practice for new roles have less impact upon the development of new roles. While specialised roles focus particularly on a well-specified technical or clinical domain, the generic roles concentrate on organising and integrating care and cure. Conclusion There are considerable differences in the number and kind of extended roles between both countries and care pathways. The main drivers for new roles reside in the technological development of medical treatment and the need for more generic competencies. Extended roles develop in two directions: 1) specialised roles and 2) generic roles

Reconfiguring health workforce: a case-based comparative study explaining the increasingly diverse professional roles in Europe

Abstract Background Over the past decade the healthcare workforce has diversified in several directions with formalised roles for health care assistants, specialised roles for nurses and technicians, advanced roles for physician associates and nurse practitioners and new professions for new services, such as case managers. Hence the composition of health care teams has become increasingly diverse. The exact extent of this diversity is unknown across the different countries of Europe, as are the drivers of this change. The research questions guiding this study were: What extended professional roles are emerging on health care teams? How are extended professional roles created? What main drivers explain the observed differences, if any, in extended roles in and between countries? Methods We performed a case-based comparison of the extended roles in care pathways for breast cancer, heart disease and type 2 diabetes. We conducted 16 case studies in eight European countries, including in total 160 interviews with physicians, nurses and other health care professionals in new roles and 600+ hours of observation in health care clinics. Results The results show a relatively diverse composition of roles in the three care pathways. We identified specialised roles for physicians, extended roles for nurses and technicians, and independent roles for advanced nurse practitioners and physician associates. The development of extended roles depends upon the willingness of physicians to delegate tasks, developments in medical technology and service (re)design. Academic training and setting a formal scope of practice for new roles have less impact upon the development of new roles. While specialised roles focus particularly on a well-specified technical or clinical domain, the generic roles concentrate on organising and integrating care and cure. Conclusion There are considerable differences in the number and kind of extended roles between both countries and care pathways. The main drivers for new roles reside in the technological development of medical treatment and the need for more generic competencies. Extended roles develop in two directions: 1) specialised roles and 2) generic roles