A 'sinister and retrogressive' proposal : Irish women's opposition to the 1937 draft constitution

This article explores the campaign waged by Irish women against the draft constitution of 1937. A number of articles within the constitution were deemed by women activists to threaten both their rights as citizens and as workers. A campaign, organised principally by the Women Graduates' Association, the Joint Committee of Women's Societies and Social Workers, together with the Irish Women Workers' Union, sought to amend or delete the offending articles. The campaign ran for two months and in that period, feminists, the press, parliamentarians, the Catholic Church and republicans all engaged in the debate about women's position in Irish society

High Energy pp Elastic Scattering in Condensate Enclosed Chiral Bag Model and TOTEM Elastic Measurements at LHC at 7 TeV

We study high energy $\small{\rm{pp}}$ and $\small{\rm{\bar {p}p}}$ elastic scattering in the TeV region based on an effective field theory model of the proton. We phenomenologically investigate the main processes underlying elastic scattering and quantitatively describe the measured elastic d$\small{\sigma}$/dt at energies 7.0 TeV (LHC $\small{\rm{pp}}$), 1.96 TeV (Tevatron $\small{\rm{\bar {p}p}}$), and 0.630 TeV (SPS $\small{\rm{\bar {p}p}}$). Finally, we give our prediction for $\small{\rm{pp}}$ elastic d$\small{\sigma}$/dt at 14 TeV that will be measured by the TOTEM Collaboration.Comment: Presented at EDS Blois 2013 (arXiv:1309.5705

pp Elastic Scattering at LHC in a Nucleon-Structure Model

We predict pp elastic differential cross sections at LHC at c.m. energy 14 TeV and momentum transfer range |t| = 0 - 10 GeV*2 in a nucleon-structure model. In this model, the nucleon has an outer cloud of quark-antiquark condensed ground state, an inner shell of topological baryonic charge (r ~ 0.44F) probed by the vector meson omega, and a central quark-bag (r ~ 0.2F) containing valence quarks. We also predict elastic differential cross section in the Coulomb-hadronic interference region. Large |t| elastic scattering in this model arises from valence quark-quark scattering, which is taken to be due to the hard-pomeron (BFKL pomeron with next to leading order corrections). We present results of taking into account multiple hard-pomeron exchanges, i.e. unitarity corrections. Finally, we compare our prediction of pp elastic differential cross section at LHC with the predictions of various other models. Precise measurement of pp elastic differential cross section at LHC by the TOTEM group in the |t| region 0 - 5 GeV*2 will be able to distinguish between these models.Comment: To be published in the Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Elastic and Diffractive Scattering, DESY, Hamburg. Presented by M. M. Islam, May 200

p p Elastic Scattering at LHC and Nucleon Structure

High energy elastic $p p$ scattering at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at c.m. energy 14 TeV is predicted using the asymptotic behavior of $\sigma_{tot}(s)$ and $\rho(s)$ known from dispersion relation calculations and the measured elastic $\bar p p$ differential cross section at $\sqrt{s} = 546 {\rm GeV}$. The effective field theory model underlying the phenomenological analysis describes the nucleon as having an outer cloud of quark-antiquark condensed ground state, an inner core of topological baryonic charge of radius $\simeq 0.44F$ and a still smaller valence quark-bag of radius $\lesssim 0.1 {\rm F}$. The LHC experiment TOTEM (Total and Elastic Measurement), if carried out with sufficient precision from $|t| = 0$ to $|t| > 10 {\rm GeV^2}$, will be able to test this structure of the nucleon.Comment: 13 pages, 6 figures, to be published in the Modern Physics Letters

A Case Analysis of Three Middle-School Boys Who Have Down Syndrome and Have Been in Regular Education Classes Since Preschool

This study investigated the experiences of three middle-school boys who have Down syndrome and have always attended regular education classes. Despite the existence of policies and initiatives in support of inclusive education, research on the implementation of inclusive practices in middle schools is sparse. This study is organized in nine chapters. A review of literature revealed that significant research conducted during the past decade supports the practice of including students with disabilities in regular education and the benefits of inclusion outweigh the benefits of separate instruction. A case study approach investigated the phenomenon covering contextual conditions surrounding the experiences of the three students. The parents of the three students participated in a focus group interview. The teams that support the students were interviewed. Three to four friends of each boy were interviewed. Direct observations occurred in each school. The observations were videotaped, transcribed, and analyzed. Documents from the students educational records, including the IEP and work samples were analyzed. Each student is presented in a profile. The students teams are profiled, and their educational programs are discussed. Triangulation of the data and analysis of the transcripts culminate in a representation of each student in “a day in the life of...” story. A cross-case analysis compared the students Individualized Educational Plans and overall educational services. Patterns of themes emerged in the early stages of the study and transcended the three cases. The conclusion identifies components to successful inclusion. The effect the students’ had on others and the limitations of labeling are discussed The themes of satisfaction and relationships emerged and were paramount in the students successes. Learning was evident throughout the study. The learning that occurred, not only for the students, but for all of the members of their teams, contributed to the quality of this study

Restoration of maritime commerce in Massachusetts, 1780 to 1787

Thesis (M.A.)--Boston Universit

Deep-Elastic pp Scattering at LHC from Low-x Gluons

Deep-elastic pp scattering at c.m. energy 14 TeV at LHC in the momentum transfer range 4 GeV*2 < |t| < 10 GeV*2 is planned to be measured by the TOTEM group. We study this process in a model where the deep-elastic scattering is due to a single hard collision of a valence quark from one proton with a valence quark from the other proton. The hard collision originates from the low-x gluon cloud around one valence quark interacting with that of the other. The low-x gluon cloud can be identified as color glass condensate and has size ~0.3 F. Our prediction is that pp differential cross section in the large |t| region decreases smoothly as momentum transfer increases. This is in contrast to the prediction of pp differential cross section with visible oscillations and smaller cross sections by a large number of other models.Comment: 10 pages, including 4 figure

Lotus Steps: Looking at Footbinding from the Perspective of Participants

My paper examines foot-binding in late imperial China from the perspective of power: the power held by those who developed and perpetuated the practice as a form of control, and the power held by those who utilized foot-binding as a method of social advancement. I focus on the historiography of foot-binding, and evaluate the work and perspectives of various historians. In particular, I examine foot-binding from the viewpoints of those who participated in it (both male and female). While I accept the notion that foot-binding emerged as a result of the patriarchy in China, I also explore the creativity of Chinese women in appropriating, reinventing, and subverting the practice. In so doing, I argue foot-binding allowed for women to exercise ‘agency’ within the patriarchal system. I define agency as a woman using whatever means possible to influence her own life, whether or not these means were devised through a patriarchal system. Lastly, I work through the difficulty of trying to find female perspectives in histories and commentaries largely written by and for men. My intention is to look at foot-binding as a method of patriarchal sublimation, as well as a mode of improving one’s social status in a male-dominated society