Propuesta de estrategia metodológica para la asignatura de Inglés en estudiantes de 4to año de Medicina / A proposal of a methodological strategy to the English subject in medical students of 4th academic degree

El dominio del idioma inglés por parte del personal médico cubano ha constituido una preocupación constante de la política educacional para las escuelas de medicina en Cuba. La impartición de la disciplina inglés ha ido evolucionando y sufriendo cambios según se han perfeccionado los planes de estudio de las diferentes carreras, lo cual se ha valorado a través de una revisión bibliográfica. Desde 1970 Cuba está enviando personal médico a los países de América Latina y el Medio Oriente, pero en especial al continente africano, lo que ha obligado a perfeccionar aún más la preparación del personal médico, en especial en el idioma inglés, debido a los requisitos que se precisan para laborar en esos países. Es por ello que la metodología que se utiliza para impartir la docencia de la disciplina de Inglés con propósitos específicos debe perfeccionarse también, buscando métodos y alternativas que enriquezcan el proceso enseñanza - aprendizaje y lo hagan más eficiente, proporcionando herramientas útiles al futuro egresado para su desempeño profesional en el idioma Inglés y también para su propia superación. El presente trabajo brinda un ejemplo de estrategia metodológica aplicada a la asignatura Inglés VII correspondiente al 4to año de la carrera de medicina, lo cual enriquecerá el desarrollo del proceso enseñanza-aprendizaje en ese nivel, contribuyendo al desarrollo eficaz de las habilidades lingüísticas del estudiante y con el objetivo de propiciar una eficaz competencia comunicativa en el futuro egresado.Palabras clave: POLÍTICA DE EDUCACIÓN SUPERIOR, ENSEÑANZA, Estrategia, COMUNICACIÓN.ABSTRACTThe mastery of English language by Cuban medical personnel has been a permanent cause of concern for the educational politics in Cuban medical schools. The teaching of English language has evolved and changed together with the improvement of the syllabuses in the different degrees; which has been assessed by means of a literature review. Long since 1970, Cuba is sending medical personnel to Latin-American and Middle Eastern countries, particularly to the African continent, requiring a better preparation of these personnel, specifically in English language. Due to the requirements needed to work in these countries, the methodology in use to teach English language with specific purposes must be also improved seeking for methods and alternatives to enrich teaching-learning process to make it more efficient, providing at the same time useful tools to the future graduates for the professional performances in English as well as self-training. The present paper offers an example of a methodological strategy which is applied to the English language subject taught to the medical students in 4th academic degree; the goal is: to enrich the development of the teaching-learning process in this level, and to contribute to an effective acquisition of linguistic skills to achieve communicative competence in the future graduate.Key words: HIGHER EDUCATION POLICY, TEACHING, STRATEGY, COMMUNICATION

Propuesta de estrategia metodológica para la asignatura de Inglés en estudiantes de 4to año de Medicina / A proposal of a methodological strategy to the English subject in medical students of 4th academic degree

El dominio del idioma inglés por parte del personal médico cubano ha constituido una preocupación constante de la política educacional para las escuelas de medicina en Cuba. La impartición de la disciplina inglés ha ido evolucionando y sufriendo cambios según se han perfeccionado los planes de estudio de las diferentes carreras, lo cual se ha valorado a través de una revisión bibliográfica. Desde 1970 Cuba está enviando personal médico a los países de América Latina y el Medio Oriente, pero en especial al continente africano, lo que ha obligado a perfeccionar aún más la preparación del personal médico, en especial en el idioma inglés, debido a los requisitos que se precisan para laborar en esos países. Es por ello que la metodología que se utiliza para impartir la docencia de la disciplina de Inglés con propósitos específicos debe perfeccionarse también, buscando métodos y alternativas que enriquezcan el proceso enseñanza - aprendizaje y lo hagan más eficiente, proporcionando herramientas útiles al futuro egresado para su desempeño profesional en el idioma Inglés y también para su propia superación. El presente trabajo brinda un ejemplo de estrategia metodológica aplicada a la asignatura Inglés VII correspondiente al 4to año de la carrera de medicina, lo cual enriquecerá el desarrollo del proceso enseñanza-aprendizaje en ese nivel, contribuyendo al desarrollo eficaz de las habilidades lingüísticas del estudiante y con el objetivo de propiciar una eficaz competencia comunicativa en el futuro egresado.Palabras clave: POLÍTICA DE EDUCACIÓN SUPERIOR, ENSEÑANZA, Estrategia, COMUNICACIÓN.ABSTRACTThe mastery of English language by Cuban medical personnel has been a permanent cause of concern for the educational politics in Cuban medical schools. The teaching of English language has evolved and changed together with the improvement of the syllabuses in the different degrees; which has been assessed by means of a literature review. Long since 1970, Cuba is sending medical personnel to Latin-American and Middle Eastern countries, particularly to the African continent, requiring a better preparation of these personnel, specifically in English language. Due to the requirements needed to work in these countries, the methodology in use to teach English language with specific purposes must be also improved seeking for methods and alternatives to enrich teaching-learning process to make it more efficient, providing at the same time useful tools to the future graduates for the professional performances in English as well as self-training. The present paper offers an example of a methodological strategy which is applied to the English language subject taught to the medical students in 4th academic degree; the goal is: to enrich the development of the teaching-learning process in this level, and to contribute to an effective acquisition of linguistic skills to achieve communicative competence in the future graduate.Key words: HIGHER EDUCATION POLICY, TEACHING, STRATEGY, COMMUNICATION

Glosario de términos farmacológicos / Glossary of pharmacological terms

Este glosario se confeccionó con el objetivo de brindarles a los estudiantes de Ciencias Médicas y a los profesionales de la salud en general, información acerca de los medicamentos de mayor uso, mostrando su nombre en español e inglés, la correcta pronunciación, sus indicaciones y tratamiento. Este compila 142 medicamentos, ordenados alfabéticamente con una traducción al español de sus correspondientes categorías y aplicaciones. Algunos de los medicamentos compilados en este folleto fueron impartidos en las clases de inglés con fines médicos en 4to año de la carrera de Medicina durante este curso, y ha sido de gran interés y utilidad para los futuros profesionales. Se concluye que el folleto es de gran utilidad porque no solo puede servir de referencia a los estudiantes de Ciencias Médicas, sino también a todo el personal de la salud o a cualquier persona interesada en el tema, incluyendo a profesores de inglés de la institución. Palabras clave: DICCIONARIOS FARMACÉUTICOS, HABLA, LENGUAJE, DROGAS, ESTUDIANTES DE MEDICINA. ABSTRACT Aimed at providing medical students and health professionals information about the most used medications showing their names in Spanish and English as well as the correct pronunciation, indications and treatment, a glossary of pharmacological terms was made. This compiles 142 medications in alphabetical order having a translation into Spanish of their corresponding categories and applications. Some of the medications compiled in this pamphlet were taught in the English lessons with medical purposes in the 4th academic year of the medical major during this course, being of great interest and usefulness for the future health professionals. Concluding that this glossary can be a tool of reference for medical students and for all health personnel or any other people interested in the topic, including professors of English in the institution. Key words: PHARMACEUTIC DICTIONARIES, SPEECH, LANGUAGE, DRUGS, MEDICAL STUDENTS

UNA ALTERNATIVA METODOLÓGICA PARA EL APRENDIZAJE DEL CONCEPTO BACTERIA DEL PROGRAMA DE AGENTES BIOLÓGICOS.

Methodological alternative is applied in the bachelor’s degree of stomatological career to incursion in the educational practice to modify the methodology about the learning of the bacteria concept, verifying the results in the preexperimental group. There were obtained some results like the historical analysis of the learning of the biological agents’ program concepts, theorical considerations about the learning of the concept, methodological guide lines to teach the unit, the theorical validation of the methodological alternative by means of experts opinion, the outcomes of the preexperimental application from the qualitative point of view for the students. Some conclusions were made like the alternative proposed what permits the students to obtain the general structure of the system of concepts to study and keep on using the conceptual maps applied to the particular cases in the study of bacterial. Besides the results obtained with the experimental checking evidenced the certainly and validity of the formulated hypothesis because the measured parameters are of paramount statistics significance. It generated a social impact since a highly prepared technologist was presented to teach new methodologies to increase the teaching learning process of biological agentsSe aplica la alternativa metodológica en la Licenciatura de Atención  Estomatológica con el propósito de incursionar en la práctica educativa para modificar la metodología del aprendizaje del concepto bacteria, constatándose los resultados en el grupo pre experimental. Se obtuvieron resultados tales como un Análisis histórico tendencial del aprendizaje de los conceptos del programa de Agentes Biológicos, consideraciones teóricas acerca del aprendizaje de concepto, alternativa metodológica para el aprendizaje del concepto, orientaciones Metodológicas  para la impartición de la unidad, la validación teórica de la alternativa metodológica mediante el criterio  de expertos , los resultados de la aplicación del pre experimento y desde el punto de vista cualitativo el significado fenomenológico para los estudiantes. Se arribo a conclusiones como que la alternativa que se propone, permite a los estudiantes desde un primer momento apropiarse de la estructura general del sistema de conceptos a estudiar y segundo seguir empleando los mapas conceptuales aplicados a casos particulares en el estudio de las Bacterias y que los resultados obtenidos con la comprobación experimental evidenciaron la certeza y validez de la hipótesis formulada ya que los parámetros e indicadores medidos son de elevada significación estadística .Esto genero un impacto social ya que se incorpora a la sociedad un tecnólogo mejor preparado en conocimientos sobre Agentes Biológicos y se aporta nuevas metodologías para elevar la calidad del proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje de la disciplina objeto de estudio

Best Treatment Option for Patients With Refractory Aggressive B-Cell Lymphoma in the CAR-T Cell Era: Real-World Evidence From GELTAMO/GETH Spanish Groups

Real-world evidence comparing the efficacy of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy against that of the previous standard of care (SOC) for refractory large B-cell lymphoma (LBCL) is scarce. We retrospectively collected data from patients with LBCL according to SCHOLAR-1 criteria treated with commercial CAR T-cell therapy in Spain (204 patients included and 192 treated, 101 with axicabtagene ciloleucel [axi-cel], and 91 with tisagenlecleucel [tisa-cel]) and compared the results with a historical refractory population of patients (n = 81) obtained from the GELTAMO-IPI study. We observed superior efficacy for CAR-T therapy (for both axi-cel and tisa-cel) over pSOC, with longer progression-free survival (PFS) (median of 5.6 vs. 4-6 months, p <= 0.001) and overall survival (OS) (median of 15 vs. 8 months, p < 0.001), independently of other prognostic factors (HR: 0.59 (95% CI: 0.44-0.80); p < 0.001] for PFS, and 0.45 [(95% CI: 0.31-0.64)] for OS). Within the CAR-T cohort, axi-cel showed longer PFS (median of 7.3 versus 2.8 months, respectively, p = 0.027) and OS (58% versus 42% at 12 months, respectively, p = 0.048) than tisa-cel. These differences were maintained in the multivariable analysis. On the other hand, axi-cel was independently associated with a higher risk of severe cytokine release syndrome and neurotoxicity. Our results suggest that the efficacy of CAR-T cell therapy is superior to pSOC in the real-world setting. Furthermore, axi-cel could be superior in efficacy to tisa-cel, although more toxic, in this group of refractory patients according to SCHOLAR-1 criteria

Safety and preliminary efficacy on cognitive performance and adaptive functionality of epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) in children with Down syndrome. A randomized phase Ib clinical trial (PERSEUS study)

Purpose: Although some caregivers are using epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) off label in hopes of improving cognition in young adults with Down syndrome (DS), nothing is known about its safety, tolerability, and efficacy in the DS pediatric population. We aimed to evaluate safety and tolerability of a dietary supplement containing EGCG and if EGCG improves cognitive and functional performance. Methods: A total of 73 children with DS (aged 6-12 years) were randomized. Participants received 0.5% EGCG (10 mg/kg daily dose) or placebo for 6 months with 3 months follow up after treatment discontinuation. Results: In total, 72 children were treated and 66 completed the study. A total of 38 participants were included in the EGCG group and 35 in the placebo group. Of 72 treated participants, 62 (86%) had 229 treatment-emergent adverse events (AEs). Of 37 participants in the EGCG group, 13 (35%) had 18 drug-related treatment-emergent AEs and 12 of 35 (34%) from the placebo group had 22 events. In the EGCG group, neither severe AEs nor increase in the incidence of AEs related to safety biomarkers were observed. Cognition and functionality were not improved compared with placebo. Secondary efficacy outcomes in girls point to a need for future work. Conclusion: The use of EGCG is safe and well-tolerated in children with DS, but efficacy results do not support its use in this population. (C) 2022 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics

Pancreatic metastases from renal cell carcinoma. Postoperative outcome after surgical treatment in a Spanish multicenter study (PANMEKID)

Background: Renal Cell Carcinoma (RCC) occasionally spreads to the pancreas. The purpose of our study is to evaluate the short and long-term results of a multicenter series in order to determine the effect of surgical treatment on the prognosis of these patients. Methods: Multicenter retrospective study of patients undergoing surgery for RCC pancreatic metastases, from January 2010 to May 2020. Variables related to the primary tumor, demographics, clinical characteristics of metastasis, location in the pancreas, type of pancreatic resection performed and data on short and long-term evolution after pancreatic resection were collected. Results: The study included 116 patients. The mean time between nephrectomy and pancreatic metastases' resection was 87.35 months (ICR: 1.51-332.55). Distal pancreatectomy was the most performed technique employed (50 %). Postoperative morbidity was observed in 60.9 % of cases (Clavien-Dindo greater than IIIa in 14 %). The median follow-up time was 43 months (13-78). Overall survival (OS) rates at 1, 3, and 5 years were 96 %, 88 %, and 83 %, respectively. The disease-free survival (DFS) rate at 1, 3, and 5 years was 73 %, 49 %, and 35 %, respectively. Significant prognostic factors of relapse were a disease free interval of less than 10 years (2.05 [1.13-3.72], p 0.02) and a history of previous extrapancreatic metastasis (2.44 [1.22-4.86], p 0.01). Conclusions: Pancreatic resection if metastatic RCC is found in the pancreas is warranted to achieve higher overall survival and disease-free survival, even if extrapancreatic metastases were previously removed. The existence of intrapancreatic multifocal compromise does not always warrant the performance of a total pancreatectomy in order to improve survival. (C) 2021 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd

Repeated pancreatic resection for pancreatic metastases from renal cell Carcinoma: A Spanish multicenter study (PANMEKID)

Background and objectives: Recurrent isolated pancreatic metastasis from Renal Cell Carcinoma (RCC) after pancreatic resection is rare. The purpose of our study is to describe a series of cases of relapse of pancreatic metastasis from renal cancer in the pancreatic remnant and its surgical treatment with a repeated pancreatic resection, and to analyse the results of both overall and disease -free survival. Methods: Multicenter retrospective study of patients undergoing pancreatic resection for RCC pancreatic metastases, from January 2010 to May 2020. Patients were grouped into two groups depending on whether they received a single pancreatic resection (SPS) or iterative pancreatic resection. Data on short and long-term outcome after pancreatic resection were collected. Results: The study included 131 pancreatic resections performed in 116 patients. Thus, iterative pancreatic surgery (IPS) was performed in 15 patients. The mean length of time between the first pancreatic surgery and the second was 48.9 months (95 % CI: 22.2-56.9). There were no differences in the rate of postoperative complications. The DFS rates at 1, 3 and 5 years were 86 %, 78 % and 78 % vs 75 %, 50 % and 37 % in the IPS and SPS group respectively (p = 0.179). OS rates at 1, 3, 5 and 7 years were 100 %, 100 %, 100 % and 75 % in the IPS group vs 95 %, 85 %, 80 % and 68 % in the SPS group (p = 0.895). Conclusion: Repeated pancreatic resection in case of relapse of pancreatic metastasis of RCC in the pancreatic remnant is justified, since it achieves OS results similar to those obtained after the first resection

Plan gallego de hospitalización a domicilio. Estrategia HADO 2019-2023

Documento estratéxico que pretende potenciar e consolidar a hospitalización a domicilio como un modelo asistencial do Servizo Galego de Saúde e garantir o seu desenvolvemento nos próximos seis anos, establecendo criterios homoxéneos de atención coa finalidade de normalizar os modelos asistenciais, carteira de servizos e fluxos de traballo para asegurar una asistencia sanitaria de calidadeDocumento estratégico que pretende potenciar y consolidar la hospitalización a domicilio como un modelo asistencial del Servicio Gallego de Salud y garantizar su desarrollo en los próximos seis años, estableciendo criterios homogéneos de atención con la finalidad de normalizar los modelos asistenciales, cartera de servicios y flujos de trabajo para asegurar una asistencia sanitaria de calida