Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

O SISTEMA DE PRODUÇÃO DO CARANGUEJO-UÇÁ Ucides cordatus (DECAPODA: BRACHYURA) (LINNAEUS, 1763) NA ÁREA DE PROTEÇÃO AMBIENTAL DAS REENTRÂNCIAS MARANHENSES, BRASIL

A captura do caranguejo-uçá Ucides cordatus é uma atividade significativa entre as populações que vivem em áreas de manguezais.. Este trabalho analisou o sistema de produção do recurso caranguejo no município de Cururupu. A captura de caranguejos para comercialização se restringe aos machos com  comprimento da carapaça variando entre 30 mm e 70 mm, média de 49,8 mm, e largura  entre 48 mm e 93 mm, média de 70 mm. A captura por unidade de esforço (CPUE) foi, em média, de 125 caranguejos capturados por homem por dia de trabalho, considerando uma unidade de esforço correspondente a 13 catadores. Registrou-se em Cururupu uma produção anual de 2.583 ton., obtida a partir de um número reduzido de catadores, implicando em uma baixa unidade de esforço. Esta produção considerável ocorre, provavelmente, em virtude dos manguezais serem ainda pouco explorados. Em Cururupu a produção é direcionada exclusivamente para a comercialização local ou subsistência, diminuindo a pressão sobre o recurso.  Acredita-se, com base nas informações geradas neste trabalho que a normatização da atividade é fundamental para a sustentabilidade do recurso, desde que inclua a comunidade em programas de orientação, educação ambiental e gestão participativa. A ausência do controle de produção referente à captura e comercialização do caranguejo-uçá, representa ainda o principal entrave para o conhecimento  da abundância e o fortalecimento de ações de gerenciamento deste recurso.Palavras-Chave: Cururupu, caranguejo-uçá, sistema de produção, pesca artesanal, manguezais.ABSTRACTThe production system of the mangrove crab Ucides cordatus (Decapoda: Brachyura) (Linnaeus, 1763) in the Environmental Protected Area of the Reentrâncias Maranhenses, BrazilCapture of the mangrove crab Ucides cordatus is an important activity for many traditional populations living in tropical coasts of the word. The mangrove crab Ucides cordatus is a valuable resource in many tropical coasts of the world.  Crab exploitation was analyzed in Cururupu county, Amazonian coast of Maranhão state, Brazil.  Captures are restricted to males with biometric measurements showing length variations from 30mm to 70mm, average of 49,8mm, and width variations  from 48mm to  93mm, average of 70mm.  It was found the capture per effort unity  of 13 crab catchers, with  125 crabs.day-1.catcher-1, corresponding to an annual production of  2,583 ton. In the study area crab resources are consumed by local population and sold at local markets. The results suggest that the present stocks are under low stress due to the effort of few crab catchers. However, environmental education and fishery policies are needed for a sustainable use of the coastal zone. The lack of controling and understanding the production dynamics concerning to gather and market activities is still the main problem for the managemente of the crab resource in mangrove areas.Key Words: Ucides cordatus, crabs, system of production, mangroves

O SISTEMA DE PRODUÇÃO DO CARANGUEJO-UÇÁ Ucides cordatus (DECAPODA: BRACHYURA) (LINNAEUS, 1763) NA ÁREA DE PROTEÇÃO AMBIENTAL DAS REENTRÂNCIAS MARANHENSES, BRASIL

A captura do caranguejo-uçá Ucides cordatus é uma atividade significativa entre as populações que vivem em áreas de manguezais.. Este trabalho analisou o sistema de produção do recurso caranguejo no município de Cururupu. A captura de caranguejos para comercialização se restringe aos machos com  comprimento da carapaça variando entre 30 mm e 70 mm, média de 49,8 mm, e largura  entre 48 mm e 93 mm, média de 70 mm. A captura por unidade de esforço (CPUE) foi, em média, de 125 caranguejos capturados por homem por dia de trabalho, considerando uma unidade de esforço correspondente a 13 catadores. Registrou-se em Cururupu uma produção anual de 2.583 ton., obtida a partir de um número reduzido de catadores, implicando em uma baixa unidade de esforço. Esta produção considerável ocorre, provavelmente, em virtude dos manguezais serem ainda pouco explorados. Em Cururupu a produção é direcionada exclusivamente para a comercialização local ou subsistência, diminuindo a pressão sobre o recurso.  Acredita-se, com base nas informações geradas neste trabalho que a normatização da atividade é fundamental para a sustentabilidade do recurso, desde que inclua a comunidade em programas de orientação, educação ambiental e gestão participativa. A ausência do controle de produção referente à captura e comercialização do caranguejo-uçá, representa ainda o principal entrave para o conhecimento  da abundância e o fortalecimento de ações de gerenciamento deste recurso.Palavras-Chave: Cururupu, caranguejo-uçá, sistema de produção, pesca artesanal, manguezais.ABSTRACTThe production system of the mangrove crab Ucides cordatus (Decapoda: Brachyura) (Linnaeus, 1763) in the Environmental Protected Area of the Reentrâncias Maranhenses, BrazilCapture of the mangrove crab Ucides cordatus is an important activity for many traditional populations living in tropical coasts of the word. The mangrove crab Ucides cordatus is a valuable resource in many tropical coasts of the world.  Crab exploitation was analyzed in Cururupu county, Amazonian coast of Maranhão state, Brazil.  Captures are restricted to males with biometric measurements showing length variations from 30mm to 70mm, average of 49,8mm, and width variations  from 48mm to  93mm, average of 70mm.  It was found the capture per effort unity  of 13 crab catchers, with  125 crabs.day-1.catcher-1, corresponding to an annual production of  2,583 ton. In the study area crab resources are consumed by local population and sold at local markets. The results suggest that the present stocks are under low stress due to the effort of few crab catchers. However, environmental education and fishery policies are needed for a sustainable use of the coastal zone. The lack of controling and understanding the production dynamics concerning to gather and market activities is still the main problem for the managemente of the crab resource in mangrove areas.Key Words: Ucides cordatus, crabs, system of production, mangroves

BIOECOLOGIA DO CARANGUEJO-UÇÁ UCIDES CORDATUS (LINNAEUS, 1763) (DECAPODA:BRACHYURA) NA ÁREA DE PROTEÇÃO AMBIENTAL DAS REENTRÂNCIAS MARANHENSES, BRASIL

A bioecologia do caranguejo-uçá Ucides cordatus foi estudada em três manguezais no município de Cururupu, visando o manejo sustentável da espécie na APA das Reentrâncias Maranhenses.  Foram analisados dados sobre a dinâmica de populações, padrão de dispersão, densidade e morfometria. Para a determinação da proporção sexual, o número de indivíduos machos e fêmeas foram submetidos à análise do Qui-Quadrado. Os resultados mostraram que o padrão de dispersão é do tipo agregado e a densidade média é de aproximadamente 3 indivíduos/m2. As freqüências de comprimento da carapaça apresentaram classe modal no intervalo de 49-54 mm, sendo que os machos revelaram-se maiores e mais largos que as fêmeas. Encontraram-se relação direta entre as medidas de comprimento da carapaça, largura e peso total.Palavras-Chave: caranguejo-uçá, manguezais, bioecologia, Maranhão. AbstractBioecology of mangrove crabs, Ucides cordatus (Linnaeus, 1763) (Decapoda: Branchyura) in the enviromental protection area of Reentrâncias MaranhensesThe bioecology of mangrove crabs Ucides cordatus was studied in three creek in Cururupu county aiming sustainability of mangrove crab and allowing the conservation of species in mangroves of Reentrâncias Maranhenses Environmental Protection Area. Were collected information about dynamics of populations, dispersion patterns, density and morfometry. The. sexual proportion of males and females was determined by qui-square analysis. The results show the dispersion pattern as aggregation type. The medium density is approximately 3 individuals /m². The frequencies of total lengths present a modal class in the interval of 49-54 mm length, and males are longer and largest than females. It was found a direct relation among total length/breadth measures and total length/total weight.Key Words: Uçá-crabs, Mangroves, Bioecology, Maranhã

BIOECOLOGIA DO CARANGUEJO-UÇÁ UCIDES CORDATUS (LINNAEUS, 1763) (DECAPODA:BRACHYURA) NA ÁREA DE PROTEÇÃO AMBIENTAL DAS REENTRÂNCIAS MARANHENSES, BRASIL

A bioecologia do caranguejo-uçá Ucides cordatus foi estudada em três manguezais no município de Cururupu, visando o manejo sustentável da espécie na APA das Reentrâncias Maranhenses.  Foram analisados dados sobre a dinâmica de populações, padrão de dispersão, densidade e morfometria. Para a determinação da proporção sexual, o número de indivíduos machos e fêmeas foram submetidos à análise do Qui-Quadrado. Os resultados mostraram que o padrão de dispersão é do tipo agregado e a densidade média é de aproximadamente 3 indivíduos/m2. As freqüências de comprimento da carapaça apresentaram classe modal no intervalo de 49-54 mm, sendo que os machos revelaram-se maiores e mais largos que as fêmeas. Encontraram-se relação direta entre as medidas de comprimento da carapaça, largura e peso total.Palavras-Chave: caranguejo-uçá, manguezais, bioecologia, Maranhão. AbstractBioecology of mangrove crabs, Ucides cordatus (Linnaeus, 1763) (Decapoda: Branchyura) in the enviromental protection area of Reentrâncias MaranhensesThe bioecology of mangrove crabs Ucides cordatus was studied in three creek in Cururupu county aiming sustainability of mangrove crab and allowing the conservation of species in mangroves of Reentrâncias Maranhenses Environmental Protection Area. Were collected information about dynamics of populations, dispersion patterns, density and morfometry. The. sexual proportion of males and females was determined by qui-square analysis. The results show the dispersion pattern as aggregation type. The medium density is approximately 3 individuals /m². The frequencies of total lengths present a modal class in the interval of 49-54 mm length, and males are longer and largest than females. It was found a direct relation among total length/breadth measures and total length/total weight.Key Words: Uçá-crabs, Mangroves, Bioecology, Maranhã