Competition and Corporate Governance: Teaming Up to Police Tunneling

Is the extraction of private benefits by the firm’s controllers only an issue for minority or non-controlling shareholders? Korea’s treatment of such conduct (often called “tunneling”) provides useful insights to this question. Tunneling by controlling shareholders, which has traditionally been the concern of corporate governance law and policy in the U.S., is further subject to scrutiny under competition law (Undue Support Clause) in Korea. This Article discusses a real world example of an intersection between competition law and corporate governance policy from a comparative perspective. The history of the Undue Support Clause challenges the common perception that a corporate governance malady has nothing to do with competition law (or vice versa). Although this is not a complete survey of all the intricacies that can arise when competition and corporate governance intersect with one another, Korea’s experience with the Undue Support Clause provides an invaluable opportunity to reevaluate the relationship between the two policies and draw valuable insights for other jurisdictions, including the U.S., that tend to turn a blind eye towards harm inflicted outside of the firm by tunneling

Leukoaraiosis is associated with pneumonia after acute ischemic stroke

Diagnostic criteria for stroke associated pneumonia based on the CDC criteria. (DOCX 25 kb

Experimental Study on the Flexural Behavior of Reinforced Polystyrene Blocks in Concrete Beams

A new type of lightweight beam system was recently proposed by embedding polystyrene in beams to improve structural efficiency. This removes the non-performing concrete in the neutral axis and tension region to provide a comparable strength as a solid beam. There are, however, limited studies conducted to investigate the structural behavior of such beams. Therefore, this research presents an experimental investigation to assess the effect of polystyrene shapes in the beams. This involved testing a solid beam and five lightweight beams under flexural load using a four-point load test. The inclusion of polystyrene was estimated to have reduced the self-weight of beams by 8.6% to 11.8% when compared with the solid beam. The results also showed the ellipse polystyrene with a width of 70 mm and height of 50 mm produced the highest effective strength to weight ratio (sw) of 1.12 and performed 12% better than the solid beam. Moreover, the lightweight beams have more weight reduced than the strength, and those with ellipse polystyrene were found to have performed better than circular ones based on first crack load, ultimate load, and effective strength to weight ratio (sw). The beams with ellipse polystyrene allowed better stress distribution and this gave them a higher strength than sphere shape. For industry application, the polystyrene content is recommended to be greater than 10% while the effective strength to weight ratio (sw) of the beam is greater than 1. The successful reduction of the weight without affecting the structural performance has the ability to help in reducing construction costs

Results of the experimental trawl fishing in the South China Sea by R/V Changi in the years 1970 to 1972

From the data collected by R/V CHANGI from 1970 to 1972 the trawl fishing grounds in the South China Sea were discussed. To examine the trend of demersal fish resources, the data collected by R/V HAI-CHING in 1960 – 1962 were also utilized. The areas near to Tioman Island and off the coast of Sarawak were considered as promising fishing grounds, although the mean catch per hour was not too good. Red snappers predominated the catch in most areas, while species composition in the waters off Vietnam was quite different. Although seasonal fluctuations of both mean catch per hour and species composition were not very much, a remarkable annual fluctuation was observed in species composition. Good catches were usually obtained from depths of 51-100 m. Changes in demersal fish resources in the last ten years, both in quantity and quality, if any, may be in a desirable direction. More study on economic and biological aspects are needed to attain a full exploitation of the fishery resources of the region

Influence of Friction Stir Welding on Mechanical Properties of Butt Joints of AZ61 Magnesium Alloy

In this study, the effect of heat input on the mechanical properties and fracture behaviors of AZ61 magnesium alloy joints has been studied. Magnesium alloy AZ61 plates with thickness of 5 mm were welded at different ratios of tool rotational speed to welding speed (ω/ν). The average ultimate tensile strength of all weld conditions satisfying a ω/ν ratio of 3 reached 100% of the strength of the base material. Fractures occurred at the interface between the thermomechanical affected zone at advancing side and the stir zone in all welded specimens. From the scanning electron microscope and electron backscatter diffraction analysis, it was determined that the interface between the thermomechanical affected zone and the stir zone, which is the region where the grain orientation changes, was the weakest part; the advancing side region was relatively weaker than the retreating side region because the grain orientation change occurred more dramatically in the advancing side region

Microfiber-microcavity system for efficient single photon collection

Funded by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant (MSIP) (NRF-2007-341-C00018, NRF-2014M3C1A3052567); State of Bavaria.Single photon sources are key components for various quantum information processing. For practical quantum applications, bright single photon sources with efficient fiber-optical interfaces are highly required. Here, bright fiber-coupled single photon sources based on InAs quantum dots are demonstrated through the k-vector matching between a microfiber mode and a normal mode of the linear photonic crystal cavity. One of the modes of the linear photonic crystal cavity whose k-vector is similar to that of the microfiber mode is employed. From independent transmission measurement, the coupling efficiency directly into the fiber of 58% is obtained. When the quantum dot and cavity system is non-resonantly pumped with 80 MHz pulse train, a raw count rate of 1.81 MHz is obtained with g(2)(0) = 0.46. Resonant pump is expected to improve the rather high g(2)(0) value. Time-resolved photoluminescence is also measured to confirm the three-fold Purcell enhancement. This system provides a promising route for efficient direct fiber collections of single photons for quantum information processing.PostprintPeer reviewe

Anatomic fit of precontoured extra-articular distal humeral locking plates: a cadaveric study

Background Extra-articular distal humerus locking plates (EADHPs) are precontoured anatomical plates widely used to repair distal humeral extra-articular diaphyseal fractures. However, EADHPs frequently cause distal protrusion and resulting skin discomfort. The purpose of this study was to predict the occurrence of anatomic fit mismatch. We hypothesized that the smaller the humerus size, the greater the anatomic fit mismatch with EADHP. Methods Twenty humeri were analyzed in this study. Humeral length and distal humeral width were used as parameters of humeral size. Plate protrusion was measured between the EADHP distal tip and the distal humerus. We set the level of unacceptable EADHP anatomic fit mismatch as ≥10 mm plate protrusion. Results A significant negative linear correlation was also confirmed between humeral size and plate protrusion, with a coefficient of determination of 0.477 for humeral length and 0.814 for distal humeral width. The cutoff value of humeral length to avoid ≥10 mm plate protrusion was 293.6 mm (sensitivity, 88.9%; specificity, 81.8%) and for distal humeral width was 60.5 mm (sensitivity, 100%; specificity, 81.8%). Conclusions Anatomic fit mismatch in distal humeral fractures after EADHP fixation has a negative linear correlation with humeral length and distal humeral width. For patients with a distal humeral width <60.5 mm, ≥10 mm plate protrusion will occur when an EADHP is used, and an alternative implant or approach should be considered

Lung Metastasis from an Immature Teratoma of the Nasal Cavity Masquerading as Small Cell Carcinoma of the Lung

We report a case of small cell lung cancer that turned out to be a metastatic teratoma from the nasal cavity rather than a new primary cancer. A 54-year-old woman was diagnosed with an immature teratoma of the nasal cavity with a predominant neuroblastomatous component. Small cell lung cancer was detected by bronchoscopic biopsy 21 months later, and it was treated with concurrent radiochemotherapy as if it had been a new primary cancer. Since a recurrent tumor containing fat-like density grew slowly on the serial chest CT scans after achieving complete response, we reached the conclusion that the small undifferentiated cells could be metastatic neuroblastomatous components from the immature teratoma of the nasal cavity

A Research on the Trend Pattern Analysis of Industrial Water Consumption

The purpose of this study is to propose the average trend pattern of the industrial water consumption. A real-time sensing technique was adopted for the consumption data acquisition. Data were transformed from the field equipments to the management server in every 5 minutes. The data acquired were substituted to a polynomial formula selected. As a result, a series of models were developed for each day. Each of these models is finalized to represent the average water consumption for the day. In this way, an average consumption pattern is derived for each day of a week. As a result of the aforementioned research, the proposed trend pattern analysis technique is expected to offer some important role for the water supply forecasting administration and management