A nonlinear theory for shells with slowly varying thickness

We study the $\Gamma$-limit of 3d nonlinear elasticity for shells of small, variable thickness, around an arbitrary smooth 2d surface.Comment: 6 page

Between discovery and exploitation of history: Lay theories of history and their connections to national identity and interest in history

One of the distinctions in modern historiography is that between collective memory and history. Although ideal historical research is presented as objective and driven by the search for accuracy, collective memory is nearly always distorted by the current group’s needs. In the current study, we assess whether common people use this professional distinction and whether these two concepts are used by the general population. Our findings are based on several different lines of quantitative studies with a total sample size of 3949: two representative Polish samples, a study of the collective memory of Oświęcim inhabitants and one representative study of inhabitants of six Polish cities. The findings show that laypeople distinguish between three different forms of historical understanding, corresponding to the (1) realistic view of history (history as a search for truth), (2) instrumental view of history (history as a construction in the service of the group’s current needs) and (3) relativistic view of history (disbelief in the possibility of historical cognition). The meta-analysis of correlations revealed that instrumental lay theory was positively related to the nationalistic in-group identity that glorifies the in-group. By contrast, realistic theory was positively related to patriotism – a form of in-group attachment that is open to criticism. The realistic theory was positively related, whereas the instrumental view was negatively related to the expressed interest in history. Moreover, the instrumental view of history was positively related to the explicit denial of the value of historical heritage and a strong focus on the present

Shell theories arising as low energy \Gamma-limit of 3d nonlinear elasticity

We discuss the limiting behavior (using the notion of \Gamma-limit) of the 3d nonlinear elasticity for thin shells around an arbitrary smooth 2d surface. In particular, under the assumption that the elastic energy of deformations scales like h^4 (where h is the thickness of a shell), we derive a limiting theory which is a generalization of the von K\'arm\'an theory for plates.Comment: 36 pages, 1 figur

Child sexual abuse as an etiological factor of overweight and eating disorders — considerations for primary health care providers

Despite the recognition of the clinical importance of child sexual abuse, primary health care providers are often not ad­equately prepared to perform medical evaluations and diagnose child sexual maltreatment. Paper presents basic symptoms and signs of CSA, which may suggest the need for further patient’s diagnosis and referral. Since the great majority of sexually abused children do not have any abnormal physical findings, special attention is paid to the silent warning signs of CSA, such as changes in attitude towards own body and eating habits. Numerous studies suggest that victims of CSA may develop obesity or eating disorders of various forms and intensities

Prevention and treatment of undesirable symptoms caused by irradiation in the oral cavity

Patients during radiotherapy for head and neck tumours show side effects in the oral cavity that might influence further treatment, or even cause temporary or total break in the irradiation. For this reason, prevention and treatment are essential to avoid or reduce the possibility of such complications. Sanitation of the oral cavity by a dentist is indispensable, and afterwards, regular screening of the teeth and the mucous membrane condition. Proper hygiene plays a particularly important role, leading to alleviation of symptoms and reduction in the discomfort, which in conesquence, contributes to the increase in the living comfort of patients undergoing radiotherapy

Rights and obligations of the patients in the primary health care

The rights patient as a set of rights due to the use of health services in Poland result from the Constitution of the Republic of Poland. They are regulated by the whole regulations. The aim of this work is to present the rights patient and duties in primary care

The “athlete’s heart” features in amateur male marathon runners

Background: Training on a professional level can lead to cardiac structural adaptations called the “athlete’s heart”. As marathon participation requires intense physical preparation, the question arises whether the features of “athlete’s heart” can also develop in recreational runners.Methods: The study included 34 males (mean age 40 ± 8 years) who underwent physical examination, a cardiopulmonary exercise test and echocardiographic examination (ECHO) before a marathon. ECHO results were compared with the sedentary control group, reference values for an adult male population and those for highly-trained athletes. Runners with abnormalities revealed by ECHO were referred for cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR).Results: The mean training distance was 56.5 ± 19.7 km/week, peak oxygen uptake was 53.7 ± 6.9 mL/kg/min and the marathon finishing time was 3.7 ± 0.4 h. Compared to sedentary controls, amateur athletes presented larger atria, increased left ventricular (LV) wall thickness, larger LV mass and basal right ventricular (RV) inflow diameter (p < 0.05). When compared with ranges for the general adult population, 56% of participants showed increased left atrial volume, indexed to body surface area (LAVI), 56% right atrial area and interventricular septum thickness, while 47% had enlarged RV proximal outflow tract diameter. In 50% of cases, LAVI exceeded values reported for highly-trained athletes. Due to ECHO abnormalities, CMR was performed in 6 participants, which revealed hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in 1 runner.Conclusions: “Athlete’s heart” features occur in amateur marathon runners. In this group, ECHO reference values for highly-trained elite athletes should be considered, rather than those for the general population and even then LAVI can exceed the upper normal value