669 research outputs found
Orientation, substructure, and optical properties of rutile films
The orientation, optical properties, and substructure of rutile films prepared by thermal and pulsed photon assisted oxidation of single crystal Ti films were investigated by transmission electron micros copy, optical spectroscopy, and high energy electron diffractionyesBelgorod State Universit
Models for development of the information-control complex of the enterprise
This article provides a brief analysis of the development of concepts and terms used in the automation the processes of production and enterprise management. The conclusion is made about the preference of the term βinformation-control complexβ (ICC) of the enterprise and the expediency of using various concepts in its creation. A model for the development of ICC is proposed, based on the definition of a system that implements the system-target approach, and the βengineeringβ concept
ΠΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊΠ° Π²ΡΠ±ΠΎΡΠ° ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡ ΡΠ°Π·ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ½ΠΎ-ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°Π΄ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ ΡΠ·Π»ΠΎΠ² Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ ΠΎΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈ
The article discusses development of a system of transport and interchange hubs (TIH). The need to create TIHs is due to an opportunity to increase efficiency of passenger flows in the urban public transport system, to reduce travel time for passengers, to ensure comfortable and safe conditions for transfer, and to improve quality of service to the population. Β The objective of the research is to develop methods that allow solving the problem of optimal selection of TIH locations in any city according to the economic criterion and the criterion of the average travel time using the methods of mathematical modelling. The technique comprises search for optimal travel routes in the city and identification of effective interchange hubs using the developed software product called Β«Efficient transfersΒ». Efficient transfer hubs with maximum passenger traffic are candidates for TIH locations. The work describes calculations made according the proposed methods and optimal options for location of this in the city of Samara considering limited funds, reduction in travel time and in the number of passengers using these TIHs. The research also resulted in obtaining the dependence of reduction in the average time of an urban trip on the number of TIHs.Π ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ½ΠΎ-ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°Π΄ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠ·Π»ΠΎΠ² (Π’ΠΠ£). ΠΠ΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π’ΠΠ£ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Π° Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠ°ΡΡΠ°ΠΆΠΈΡΠΎΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ² Π² ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅ Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ°, ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ΅Π·Π΄ΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΠ°ΡΡΠ°ΠΆΠΈΡΠΎΠ², ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΡΠΎΡΡΠ½ΡΡ
, Π±Π΅Π·ΠΎΠΏΠ°ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°Π΄ΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΠ»ΡΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π° ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ»ΡΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ. Π¦Π΅Π»Ρ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡ β ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠ° ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊΠΈ, ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡ Π·Π°Π΄Π°ΡΡ ΠΎΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²ΡΠ±ΠΎΡΠ° ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡ ΡΠ°Π·ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π’ΠΠ£ Π»ΡΠ±ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΏΠΎ ΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΌΡ ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Π½Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ΅Π·Π΄ΠΊΠΈ Ρ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ. ΠΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊΠ° Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ°Π΅Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΈΡΠΊ ΠΎΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΡΡΡΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠΎΠ΅Π·Π΄ΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°Π΄ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠ·Π»ΠΎΠ² Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡΠ° Β«ΠΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°Π΄ΠΊΠΈΒ». ΠΡΠΈ ΡΡΠΎΠΌ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°Π΄ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ·Π»Ρ Ρ ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠ°ΡΡΠ°ΠΆΠΈΡΠΎΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠΊΠ° ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡΡΡΡ ΠΊΠ°Π½Π΄ΠΈΠ΄Π°ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ Π½Π° ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π² Π½ΠΈΡ
Π’ΠΠ£. Π ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ΅ Π²ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½Ρ ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡΡ ΡΠΎΠ³Π»Π°ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π»Π°Π³Π°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊΠ΅ ΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Ρ ΠΎΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ Π²Π°ΡΠΈΠ°Π½ΡΡ ΡΠ°Π·ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ½ΠΎ-ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°Π΄ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠ·Π»ΠΎΠ² Π² Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΠΎΠΊΡΡΠ³Π΅ Π‘Π°ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ° ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π΄Π΅Π½Π΅ΠΆΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²Π°Ρ
Ρ ΡΡΡΡΠΎΠΌ Π²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½Ρ ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ΅Π·Π΄ΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π° ΠΏΠ°ΡΡΠ°ΠΆΠΈΡΠΎΠ², ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΡΡΡΠΈΡ
ΡΡ ΡΡΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°Π΄ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ·Π»Π°ΠΌΠΈ. ΠΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π° Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Π½Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ΅Π·Π΄ΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΠΎΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π° ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ½ΠΎ-ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°Π΄ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠ·Π»ΠΎΠ²
8He Spectroscopy in Stopped Pion Absorption By 9Be
Level structure of 8He has been studied in the reaction of stopped pion absorption by 9Be nuclei. The missing mass spectrum in the range 0 MeV β€ MM β€ 10 MeV has been described by the superposition of phase-space distributions and the three states of 8He. Parameters of these states have been compared with data of other experimental and theoretical works
Atherosclerosis is a side effect of cellular senescence
Atherosclerosis is a systemic autoimmune disease of the arterial wall characterized by chronic inflammation, high blood pressure, oxidative stress, and progressive loss of cell and organ function with aging. An imbalance of macrophage polarization is associated with many aging diseases, including atherosclerosisHere we review the current knowledge on the impact of age-associated immune cells and red blood cells modifications on atherogenesi
Treatment of open fractures of shin bones complicated with chronic osteomyelitis with use of new methods
The article presents the results of treatment of patient M. after traffic accident who had. open fractures of both shin bones complicated with local and disseminated form of chronic traumatic osteomyelitis. At the treatment of patient authors' methods were used. On the left shin to stop local necrotic-purulent process we used monolocal compression osteosynthesis and. carried out extra operation - extra-focal autotransplantion. On the right shin to restore integrity of tibial bone at disseminated process we carried out bilocal compressive-distraction osteosynthesis and. used method of bone defect replacement of individual rate. At the result of treatment we managed to restore support ability of low extremities and. to achieve stable remission. of osteomyelitis process. Use of new methods of treatment allowed to join the fracture of bones of one shin and. to replace spacious bone defect of another in quite short terms at the osteomyelitis process
Photovoltaic Response of Silicon Wafers Treated in the K2WO4-Na2WO4-WO3Melt
Texturing silicon wafers is one way to increase the performance of solar cells. This work is the first to report on the surface modification of Si wafers by processing in polytungstate melts. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) method, and photoelectrochemical measurements were used to elucidate the effect of texturing conditions in the Na2WO4 - K2WO4 (1:1) melt containing 35 or 50 mol% WO3 at 973 K in air. As a result of cathodic treatment in the melt containing 50 mol% WO3 at the potential of -0.92 V (vs Pt) for 15 s, upright pyramids were formed on the Si surface. In addition, inverted pyramids appeared at the OTB/Si contact points. The photocurrent density of these samples was several times higher than that for the initial Si wafer or the Si wafer etched in 5 M NaOH solution at 353 K for 20 min. Mechanisms for the formation of upright and inverted pyramids were proposed. Unusual eight-faceted pyramids were formed on the Si surface during cathodic treatment in the melt containing 35 mol% WO3 at -1.19 V for 15 s, but the photocurrent density of such samples was low. Β© 2021 The Electrochemical Society ("ECS"). Published on behalf of ECS by IOP Publishing Limited.This work is performed in the frame of the State Assignment number 075-03-2020-582/1 dated 18.02.2020 (the theme number 0836-2020-0037). This work has been (partly) done using facilities of the Shared Access Center "Composition of Compounds" (IHTE, UB RAS)
Research of peripheral blood circulation in patients with local form of chronic osteomyelitis
Expressed asymmetry (54,8 Β± 14,37 β 58 Β± 6,54 %) of blood flow on the injured extremity was revealed at rheography of peripheral blood flow in all patients with shin bones fractures complicated with local form of chronic traumatic osteomyelitis. The most significant decrease of regional blood flow in injured segment of extremity was revealed in patients with long terms of fracture knitting. Terms of knitting of shin bones fractures depend on the degree of decreasing of regional blood flow in injured segment of extremity. Risk factor of slow knitting of fractures complicated with osteomyelitis is decrease of rheorgraphic index on the injured extremity to 0,016 Β± 0,001 ohm. Radioisotope and. ultrasound researches allowed to reveal changes of peripheral blood flow on the injured extremity equivalent to the disorders at posttrombophlebitic disease and. chronic venous insufficiency in patients with shin bones fractures complicated by chronic traumatic osteomyelitis. Larger disorders of blood circulation with simultaneous lesion of superficial and. deep venous systems were registered in distal segments of injured shin at chronic traumatic osteomyelitis. Pathological changes of blood circulation aren't registered in intact extremity
Stagnation and renewable growth of enterprises: an empirical analysis by sectors of the Russian economy
An unfavorable external environment requires an emphasis shift in economic researches of enterprise development from factors and mechanisms of growth to the analysis of stagnation processes and the search for mechanisms to enter the path of growth after stagnation. The purpose of this work is to study the intensity of the processes of stagnation and subsequent renewable growth of enterprises in the context of a wide range of sectors of the Russian economy. Signs of stagnation or drop in sales are revealed for 2013β2017, renewable growth β within 4 years after the stagnation period. The research methods are the calculation of economic coefficients and the identification of differences between them using methods of mathematical statistics. It was found that in an unfavorable external environment, significant proportion of Russian enterprises showed signs of stagnation or drop in sales. Certain advantages are shown by high-tech industries, in which the intensity of business stagnation was lower. The most acute period of the crisis was the period 2013β2016. In 2017, there was an adaptation of business to unfavorable environmental conditions, and the share of stagnating enterprises decreased significantly. Calculations showed that the share of enterprises demonstrating long-term renewable growth was at a low level. It reduces their attractiveness to private investors. The βageβ factor can be recommended as a significant criterion for investors when choosing firms for financing: young enterprises are less susceptible to stagnation and more likely to enter the path of growth after stagnation
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