Euler reflexion formulas for motivic multiple zeta functions

We introduce a new notion of \boxast-product of two integrable series with coefficients in distinct Grothendieck rings of algebraic varieties, preserving the integrability and commuting with the limit of rational series. In the same context, we define a motivic multiple zeta function with respect to an ordered family of regular functions, which is integrable and connects closely to Denef-Loeser's motivic zeta functions. We also show that the \boxast-product is associative in the class of motivic multiple zeta functions. Furthermore, a version of the Euler reflexion formula for motivic zeta functions is nicely formulated to deal with the \boxast-product and motivic multiple zeta functions, and it is proved using the theory of arc spaces. As an application, taking the limit for the motivic Euler reflexion formula we recover the well known motivic Thom-Sebastiani theorem.Comment: To appear in Journal of Algebraic Geometr

Genetic diversity analysis of black pepper (Piper spp.) with RAPD markers

Black pepper is a well-known export commodity in Vietnam, but pepper production has been decreasing in recent years. The lack of knowledge about the origin and genetic characteristics of pepper varieties may create variety degradation and loss of product quality. Therefore, it is necessary to study the genetic diversity of existing local and imported pepper varieties and effectively propagate and create new varieties with high yields and quality. In this study, RAPD markers were used with 100 RAPD UBC primers to study genetic diversity. Twelve RAPD primers were selected to amplify 39 pepper cultivars, and 40 polymorphic DNA bands were created with sizes ranging from 200 to 1400 bp. Five of the 12 primers amplified all 39 cultivars. The genetic diversity of lines/cultivars in the pepper population is relatively high. The phylogenetic tree of the 39 cultivars has two branches showing similarity ranging from 41.8 to 51%. The first branch includes five pepper individuals, and the second consists of 34 individuals. There is a high diversity among the pepper cultivars in the same population

Assessing local people’s satisfaction on resettlement arrangements of A Luoi Hydropower project, Thua Thien Hue Province

This study aims to estimate the level of satisfaction about resettlement arrangements for local people who have been affected by A Luoi hydroelectric construction project in the Thua Thien Hue province. This research used the Likert scale method to assess the satisfaction level of 98 households living in two of the resettlement sites. Results illustrate that there is variations in the level of satisfaction of local people in the two resettlement sites, Hong Thuong and Hong Ha. In the resettlement area (RA) of the Hong Thuong Commune, people are dissatisfied with the location arrangement. There is a lack of quality in the houses built, been damaged, cracked and degraded, since the construction design is not appropriate for the customs and practices of local people, with a satisfaction rating of 1.07. Meanwhile, at the resettlement site of the Hong Ha commune, people felt satisfied with the arrangement site of the RA and allocated residential land area with the satisfaction rating of 4.19. Our results will help the government, as well as the project owners, to understand the points of dissatisfaction of local people in order to have accordant solutions, ensuring the stable life for local people in those settlement areas.Nghiên cứu này nhằm mục đích đánh giá được mức độ hài lòng của người dân về việc bố trí tái định cư (TĐC) cho người dân bị ảnh hưởng bởi dự án xây dựng thuỷ điện A Lưới, tỉnh Thừa Thiên Huế. Nghiên cứu đã sử dụng phương pháp thang đo Likert để đánh giá mức độ hài lòng của 98 hộ dân sống tại hai khu tái định cư Hồng Thượng và Hồng Hạ. Kết quả nghiên cứu đã cho thấy có sự khác nhau về mức độ hài lòng của người dân tại hai khu TĐC. Tại khu TĐC Hồng Thượng người dân thấy không hài lòng về địa điểm bố trí TĐC, nhà ở được xây dựng thiếu chất lượng đã bị hư hỏng, nứt nẻ xuống cấp, thiết kế xây dựng không phù hợp với phong tục, tập quán của người dân địa phương, với chỉ số đánh giá hài lòng là 1,07. Trong khi đó, tại khu TĐC xã Hồng Hạ người dân lại thấy hài lòng về điểm bố trí TĐC và diện tích đất ở được cấp, với chỉ số đánh giá hài lòng là 4,19. Kết quả nghiên cứu của đề tài sẽ giúp cho chính quyền cũng như chủ đầu tư dự án nắm rõ những điểm không hài lòng của người dân để có hướng giải quyết phù hợp nhằm đảm bảo cuộc sống ổn định cho người dân tại nơi tái định cư

VNHSGE: VietNamese High School Graduation Examination Dataset for Large Language Models

The VNHSGE (VietNamese High School Graduation Examination) dataset, developed exclusively for evaluating large language models (LLMs), is introduced in this article. The dataset, which covers nine subjects, was generated from the Vietnamese National High School Graduation Examination and comparable tests. 300 literary essays have been included, and there are over 19,000 multiple-choice questions on a range of topics. The dataset assesses LLMs in multitasking situations such as question answering, text generation, reading comprehension, visual question answering, and more by including both textual data and accompanying images. Using ChatGPT and BingChat, we evaluated LLMs on the VNHSGE dataset and contrasted their performance with that of Vietnamese students to see how well they performed. The results show that ChatGPT and BingChat both perform at a human level in a number of areas, including literature, English, history, geography, and civics education. They still have space to grow, though, especially in the areas of mathematics, physics, chemistry, and biology. The VNHSGE dataset seeks to provide an adequate benchmark for assessing the abilities of LLMs with its wide-ranging coverage and variety of activities. We intend to promote future developments in the creation of LLMs by making this dataset available to the scientific community, especially in resolving LLMs' limits in disciplines involving mathematics and the natural sciences.Comment: 74 pages, 44 figure

NGHIÊN CỨU TỐI ƯU ĐIỀU KIỆN BIỂU HIỆN INTERLEUKIN-3 NGƯỜI DUNG HỢP VỚI PelB TRONG E. coli

Interleukin-3 (IL-3) is a multifunctional cytokine which modulates the proliferation, differentiation and maturation of various types of hematopoietic cells. Gene coding for IL-3 linked with pelB signal were incorporated into pET22b(+) for  expression of il3 gene in E. coli BL21; but IL-3 was synthesized at very low levels and still in fusion with PelB. To facilitate purification process, finding the appropriate fermentation conditions plays a key role in order to enhance gene il-3 expression and cleavage of PelB. In this study, we have optimized the conditions for the expression of IL-3, which included E. coli host strain JM109, LB cultivation medium, induction temperature was 25oC; induction with 0.05 mM IPTG at OD600 = 1. The cell biomass increases at about 2.3 times after optimization. IL-3 protein was expressed in the form of inclusion body and the PelB signal was cleaved. This result is conducive for purification of large amount of IL-3 to determine characteristics of protein. Interleukin-3 người (IL-3) là một cytokine đa chức năng tham gia vào các quá trình tự đổi mới, nhân lên, biệt hóa và trưởng thành của nhiều loại tế bào máu. Sau khi đưa gen il-3 gắn thêm tín hiệu tiết pelB vào vector pET22b(+) và tiến hành biểu hiện ở chủng E. coli BL21, chúng tôi nhận thấy IL-3 được tổng hợp ở mức rất thấp và còn gắn với PelB. Để thuận tiện cho khâu tinh sạch thì vấn đề then chốt là nghiên cứu tìm ra các điều kiện phù hợp làm tăng lượng IL-3 được tổng hợp, đồng thời cắt được PelB. Trong nghiên cứu này, chúng tôi so sánh khả năng sinh tổng hợp IL-3 của các chủng E. coli BL21, JM109, Soluble và Rossetta2; sau đó tối ưu hóa điều kiện biểu hiện gen il-3 về thành phần môi trường, nhiệt độ, nồng độ IPTG, thời điểm cảm ứng và kiểm tra trạng thái tồn tại của IL-3. Kết quả thu được cho thấy gen il-3 biểu hiện tốt và ổn định nhất ở chủng E. coli JM109. Dưới các điều kiện lên men thích hợp trong môi trường LB, ở 25oC, cảm ứng 0,05 mM IPTG tại OD600=1, IL-3 biểu hiện tốt, cắt khỏi PelB và tồn tại ở trạng thái không tan trong tế bào chất. Sinh khối tế bào tăng lên khoảng 2,3 lần sau khi tối ưu. Kết quả này là tiền đề cho bước tinh sạch lượng lớn IL-3 cho nghiên cứu tính chất của protein

Influence of foliar application with Moringa oleifera residue fertilizer on growth, and yield quality of leafy vegetables

Biofertilizers produced from organic materials help to promote the growth, and yield quality of crops and is more environmentally friendly than chemical fertilizers. Moringa oleifera is a leafy vegetable whose leaves are also used to make biofertilizers. The use of moringa non-edible parts in biofertilizer preparation remains under-explored. In this study, a procedure to produce moringa foliar biofertilizer (MFB) from non-edible parts was developed. The effect of composting time (3 to 4 months) on the quality of MFB was investigated, and four-month incubation was found suitable for biofertilizers yield with the highest nitrogen content and optimal pH. Furthermore, the influences of MFB doses (20 to 100 mL per Litre) on the growth of lettuce and mustard spinach were studied. The yield of these leafy vegetables was the highest at 100 mL per Litre of MFB spray. Finally, MFB was compared with other commercial foliar sprays, including chitosan fertilizer and seaweed fertilizer. Each foliar treatment was applied every five days until five days before harvest. Plant height, the number of leaves, canopy diameter, leaf area index, actual yield, ascorbic acid content, and Brix were found to be similar in lettuce sprayed with MFB, chitosan, and seaweed fertilizers. In conclusion, the application of MFB promoted the growth and yield of mustard spinach

Decline in subarachnoid haemorrhage volumes associated with the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic

BACKGROUND: During the COVID-19 pandemic, decreased volumes of stroke admissions and mechanical thrombectomy were reported. The study\u27s objective was to examine whether subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) hospitalisations and ruptured aneurysm coiling interventions demonstrated similar declines. METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional, retrospective, observational study across 6 continents, 37 countries and 140 comprehensive stroke centres. Patients with the diagnosis of SAH, aneurysmal SAH, ruptured aneurysm coiling interventions and COVID-19 were identified by prospective aneurysm databases or by International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision, codes. The 3-month cumulative volume, monthly volumes for SAH hospitalisations and ruptured aneurysm coiling procedures were compared for the period before (1 year and immediately before) and during the pandemic, defined as 1 March-31 May 2020. The prior 1-year control period (1 March-31 May 2019) was obtained to account for seasonal variation. FINDINGS: There was a significant decline in SAH hospitalisations, with 2044 admissions in the 3 months immediately before and 1585 admissions during the pandemic, representing a relative decline of 22.5% (95% CI -24.3% to -20.7%, p\u3c0.0001). Embolisation of ruptured aneurysms declined with 1170-1035 procedures, respectively, representing an 11.5% (95%CI -13.5% to -9.8%, p=0.002) relative drop. Subgroup analysis was noted for aneurysmal SAH hospitalisation decline from 834 to 626 hospitalisations, a 24.9% relative decline (95% CI -28.0% to -22.1%, p\u3c0.0001). A relative increase in ruptured aneurysm coiling was noted in low coiling volume hospitals of 41.1% (95% CI 32.3% to 50.6%, p=0.008) despite a decrease in SAH admissions in this tertile. INTERPRETATION: There was a relative decrease in the volume of SAH hospitalisations, aneurysmal SAH hospitalisations and ruptured aneurysm embolisations during the COVID-19 pandemic. These findings in SAH are consistent with a decrease in other emergencies, such as stroke and myocardial infarction

Performance Analysis of ITS-G5 for Dynamic Train Coupling Application

Virtual coupling is a technique that shall allow trains driving on the same track with quasi-constant distance. This would also enable dynamical joining and splitting of trains while driving, thus providing the flexibility for railway operators to adapt to the changing traffic demands and to increase the throughput on todays overloaded lines. In order to realize dynamic train coupling, position and speed information must be reliably exchanged between trains with very low latency. Cooperative transportation systems (C-ITS), where road vehicles cooperate by exchanging messages, has received a lot of attention recently. In Europe, ITS-G5, which uses IEEE 802.11p technology for radio access, has been chosen for C-ITS. IEEE 802.11p offers the ability of direct communications between vehicles, i.e. ad hoc communications, for up to a few kilometers. The idea is to exploit IEEE 802.11p for dynamic train coupling. In this work, we discuss the use and the performance of IEEE 802.11p for Train-to-Train (T2T) communications along with Car-to-Car (C2C) communications. We address the influence of C2C communication on the performance of T2T communication and simple methods to reduce the interference from C2C users on T2T users

Communication Protocol for Platoon of Electric Vehicles in Mixed Traffic Scenarios

Vehicle platooning, where vehicles drive in a convoy with small relative distance, is a promising technology for road transportation. In particular, for Electric Vehicles (EVs), platoon of EVs (e-platoon) can help EVs not only reduce energy consumption but also allow them to exchange energy and charge their battery from a moving electric source on the fly. E-platooning requires Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V) communication with very frequent information exchange and very high reliability between vehicles. This poses a big challenge on the communication system especially when e-platooning coexists with other safety-related applications in a mixed traffic scenario. In this work, we consider communication protocols based on ITS-G5 in the Control Channel (CCH) for e-platoon. We propose to use an additional with antennas for communication between e-platoon members and a deterministic distributed scheduling scheme together with dynamic switching of antenna beams. Simulations show that the our protocol can improve the performance of the communication between e-platoon members by reducing the Update Delay (UD) significantly