En fallstudie av exploateringsprocessen - går den att effektivisera?

The land development process is usually known as a very complex and drawn-out process. During the latest decade, the system of municipal development has become more market-oriented and the responsibility has shifted from public to private sector. The property developer takes a great financial risk each time a new project is initiated by not knowing when or if a detailed development plan will be approved. In spite of many inquiries during the years, the commissions are still discussing the possibilities to simplify the system and make the land development process more efficient. In a process, where many parties are involved, it may be difficult to find a way to satisfy all needs without the democracy and the influence of the citizens being negatively affected. In this report a case study has been made to identify the time-consuming parts of the land development process. Three local development projects in Kristianstad Kommun have been examined and resulted in several possible solutions to make the development process more efficient

The expression pattern of matrix-producing tumor stroma is of prognostic importance in breast cancer

Background: There are several indications that the composition of the tumor stroma can contribute to the malignancy of a tumor. Here we utilized expression data sets to identify metagenes that may serve as surrogate marker for the extent of matrix production and vascularization of a tumor and to characterize prognostic molecular components of the stroma. Methods: TCGA data sets from six cancer forms, two breast cancer microarray sets and one mRNA data set of xenografted tumors were downloaded. Using the mean correlation as distance measure compact clusters with genes representing extracellular matrix production (ECM metagene) and vascularization (endothelial metagene) were defined. Explorative Cox modeling was used to identify prognostic stromal gene sets. Results: Clustering of stromal genes in six cancer data sets resulted in metagenes, each containing three genes, representing matrix production and vascularization. The ECM metagene was associated with poor prognosis in renal clear cell carcinoma and in lung adenocarcinoma but not in other cancers investigated. Explorative Cox modeling using gene pairs identified gene sets that in multivariate models were prognostic in breast cancer. This was validated in two microarray sets. Two notable genes are TCF4 and P4HA3 which were included in the sets associated with positive and negative prognosis, respectively. Data from laser-microdissected tumors, a xenografted tumor data set and from correlation analyses demonstrate the stroma specificity of the genes. Conclusions: It is possible to construct ECM and endothelial metagenes common for several cancer forms. The molecular composition of matrix-producing cells, rather than the extent of matrix production seem to be important for breast cancer prognosis

Investigation of photochemical effects in flame diagnostics with picosecond photofragmentation laser-induced fluorescence

Photofragmentation laser-induced fluorescence (PFLIF) is for the first time performed based on picosecond laser pulses for detection of hydroperoxyl radicals (HO2) in a stoichiometric laminar methane/air flame. Photofragmentation is performed with a pump laser pulse of 80 ps duration and a wavelength of 266 nm, whereupon the produced OH photofragments are detected by a second picosecond probe laser pulse, inducing fluorescence via excitation in the A2Σ+(v = 1) ← X2Π(v = 0) band of OH near 283 nm. Excitation spectra of the OH photofragments formed in the reaction zone were recorded for pump-probe delays ranging from 0 to 5 ns. The spectra suggest that the population distribution of the nascent OH fragments is rotationally cold and that it takes on the order of 5 ns for the nascent non-equilibrium rotational distribution to relax into a thermal distribution. The radial OH-fragment distribution was extracted from spectral images (radial position versus emission wavelength) recorded at six different pump-probe delays. Photochemical OH production was observed both in the reaction zone and the product zone. Comparison with a kinetic model for OH production suggests that more than 20% of the oxygen fragments produced by photolysis in the reaction zone are formed in the excited 1D state, explaining a very rapid initial signal growth. The OH-production model was also compared with previous reaction-zone data, acquired with nanosecond laser pulses in the same flame, indicating that no O(1D), but only O(3P), is formed. A plausible explanation of the discrepancy between the two results is that the picosecond pulses, having more than two-orders of magnitude higher irradiance than the nanosecond pulses used in the previous study, might cause 2-photon photodissociation, allowing production of O(1D). In terms of flame diagnostics with PFLIF, it is concluded that a setup based on nanosecond laser pulses, rather than picosecond pulses, appears preferable since photochemical OH production in the reaction zone can be avoided while for short delay times the ratio between the photofragment signal and the photochemical interference in the product zone, stemming from CO2 photolysis, is sufficiently large to clearly visualize the photofragments

När sexuella övergrepp reduceras till en fråga om etnicitet -En kvalitativ textanalys om medias framställningar av de sexuella övergreppen som skedde i Köln på nyårsnatten 2015-2016 ur ett intersektionellt perspektiv

Our aim with this study is to study from an intersectional perspective how Swedish printed press produced a narrative on the sexual abuse in the German city, Cologne, on New Year's Night 2015-2016. This study is based on a qualitative content analysis based on news articles from four newspaper publishers, TT News, Dagens Nyheter, Aftonbladet and Expressen. Where we come, our result will present from an intersectional perspective how different categories are constructed in newspaper articles and how they interact with each other. We will also discuss how the prevailing power structures are maintained by how journalists write about the sexual assaults that occurred at the New Year's Night in Cologne. Our study, among other things, illustrates how a narrative on women's vulnerability is used as an argument for a tightening of refugee policy in Sweden and Germany. There are also clear trends that sustain the ethnical difference as main characteristic of the perpetrators are linked to an ethnic and cultural belonging as a group and not from individuals

ESFA e-bulletin for schools, colleges, local authorities and other 16 to 19 providers. 5 October 2017

ID of TaqManŽ gene expression assays. (PDF 41 kb

Treatment effect of memantine on survival in dementia with Lewy bodies and Parkinson's disease with dementia: a prospective study.

To investigate the effect on survival of treatment with memantine in patients with dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) and Parkinson's disease with dementia (PDD)

Metapopulation dynamics over 25 years of a beetle, Osmoderma eremita, inhabiting hollow oaks

Osmoderma eremita is a species of beetle that inhabits hollows in ancient trees, which is a habitat that has decreased significantly during the last century. In southeastern Sweden, we studied the metapopulation dynamics of this beetle over a 25 year period, using capture-mark-recapture. The metapopulation size had been rather stable over time, but in most of the individual trees there had been a positive or negative trend in population development. The probability of colonisation was higher in well-connected trees with characteristics reflecting earlier successional stages, and the probability of extinction higher in trees with larger diameter (i.e. in later successional stages), which is expected from a habitat-tracking metapopulation. The annual tree mortality and fall rates (1.1% and 0.4%, respectively) are lower than the colonisation and extinction rates (5-7%), indicating that some of the metapopulation dynamics are due to the habitat dynamics, but many colonisations and extinctions take place for other reasons, such as stochastic events in small populations. The studied metapopulation occurs in an area with a high density of hollow oaks and where the oak pastures are still managed by grazing. In stands with fewer than ten suitable trees, the long-term extinction risk may be considerable, since only a small proportion of all hollow trees harbours large populations, and the population size in trees may change considerably during a decade

Policy Options for Sustainable Food Consumption – Review and Recommendations for Sweden. Mistra Sustainable Consumption report 1:10

The environmental impact of the average Swede’s diet exceeds the planetary limits for the food system in most areas. Over 15% of consumption-based greenhouse gas emissions come from food in Sweden. Sweden’s agricultural landscape has the largest proportion of European Red List species of all landscape types in Sweden and food imports are associated with high rates of land use, pesticides and veterinary antibiotics in other countries. Our diet is also not sustainable in terms of health – for example, 51% of Swedes are overweight and many of the most common diseases and causes of death are linked to diet.This report identifies and discusses policy instruments that the state and other public actors could introduce to steer food consumption in Sweden towards a more environmentally sustainable diet. Seventeen policy instruments operating either through knowledge and support, changes in relative prices, or regulation and requirements have been identified and previous research on policy effectiveness, costs and acceptance has been mapped out in a way that we hope is clear and easy to understand. Based on the current state of knowledge, we have formulated three recommendations on what public actors could do to accelerate the transition to a more sustainable food system.1.Intensify work in the public sector2.Develop national targets for sustainable food consumption3.Develop and implement effective and attractive policy instrument packagesThe mapping and analysis show that there is a need for research on policy instruments for environmentally sustainable food consumption, particularly when it comes to combinations of instruments. However, there is a sufficient evidence base for the immediate development and implementation of policy instruments to deal with the climate, environmental and health impacts of food. A focus on targets and policy instruments in the food area, as outlined above, is also fully in line with the EU’s new Farm-to-Fork strategy. The policy instruments discussed in the report can probably achieve only part of the huge, transformative changes required to limit the production and consumption of food to planetary limits, but a central issue is how to do this. Part of the answer lies in a change in food consumption and here we believe that we know where the answer lies: public actors ought to develop and implement a variety of policy instruments and systematically evaluate them – it is in this more large-scale implementation that the real need for research lies. The challenge of reducing the environmental impact of food consumption in Sweden is considerable, but there are good opportunities for nudging the trend towards more environment-friendly and health-friendly sustainable food consumption through the deployment of new policy instruments