Debunking patriarchal legay in african traditional setting: a reading of Efo Kodjo Mawugbe's In the Chest of a woman

This article investigates the critical views of Efo Kodjo Mawugbe on some African traditional customs which deny identity and welfare to women and his literary endeavor to unravel the patriarchal legacy in his In the Chest of a Woman. It examines the dictates of patriarchy that militate against females’ emancipation and lay a foundation for their marginalization and oppression. It attempts to read Mawugbe’s call for gender balance and equal treatment for men and women in modern society. Two sexist practices are targeted: the denial of inheritance rights to female children and the capital punishment of those who go against tradition by becoming pregnant out of customary wedlock. The study asserts that if modern African society should experience a participatory socio-economic development it is urgent to end sexism and gender oppression in families and society, and to give men and women equal opportunities to emerge as fulfilled free beingsEste artículo investiga las visión crítica de Efo Kodjo Mawugbe sobre las tradiciones africanas que niegan la identidad y el bienestar a la mujer y analiza su interés literario por desactivar la herencia patriarcal en la obra deteatro In the Chest of a Woman. La obra examina los dictados del patriarcado que operan en contra de la emancipación de la mujer y fundamentan su marginación y opresión. En el presente artículo se aprecia la defensa de Mawugbe del equilibrio entre sexos y el tratamiento equitativo para hombres y mujeres en la sociedad moderna. Se apuntan también dos prácticas sexistas: la negación del derecho a heredar de las niñas y la pena capital impuesta a aquellas mujeres que se oponen a la tradición quedando embarazadas fuera del matrimonio. El estudio concluye que, para que la sociedad moderna africana experimente un desarrollo socioeconómico participativo, es urgente terminar con la diferencia entre sexos y la opresión de género en la familia y en la sociedad en general, y dar a hombres y mujeres igualdad de oportunidades para realizarse como seres humanos libres

Estética Posmoderna en la Literatura Africana

This article examines contemporary critical positions in African literature that mark off perceptible shifts in focus from issues of primal postcolonialism to a more self-reflexive treatment of postmodernism in contemporary African literature. Contemporary African literary works, novels, and plays have become markedly self-reflexive in the way they rewrite one another and draw attention to their own functionality and fictionality. These works present stylistic and thematic departures that challenge the nationalist and realist trend of earlier writing. Creative works further depart from the tradition of “writing back” to the European colonial center by focusing their gaze on local forms of oppression that are seen to parallel classical colonialism. Yet, while critics have separately studied postmodernism and self-reflexivity in African texts, the intersection of the two has not been given sufficient attention. The purpose of this analytical paper then is to decipher postmodernist aesthetics in African literary works, novels and plays, as developed to a higher level of self-consciousness. The specific question I address is to what extent postmodernism expresses itself as an outgrowth of modernism and postcolonialism?Este artículo examina las posiciones críticas contemporáneas en la literatura africana, que muestran cambios perceptibles de enfoque, de un poscolonialismo primario a un tratamiento más autorreflexivo del posmodernismo en la literatura africana contemporánea. Las obras literarias africanas contemporáneas (novelas y obras de teatro) se han vuelto visiblemente autorreflexivas, en la medida en que se reescriben entre sí y llaman la atención sobre su funcionalidad y ficcionalidad. Estas obras presentan una evolución estilística y temática que desafía la tendencia nacionalista y realista de los textos anteriores. Las obras estudiadas también representan una ruptura con la tradición de responder al centro colonial europeo al poner el foco en las formas locales de opresión, paralelas al colonialismo clásico. Sin embargo, aunque los críticos han estudiado por separado el posmodernismo y la autorreflexión en los textos africanos, la intersección entre los dos no ha recibido suficiente atención. El propósito de este artículo, pues, es estudiar el posmodernismo documentado en las obras literarias africanas, en la medida en que es desarrollado con un grado superior de autoconciencia. La pregunta específica que se intenta responder es hasta qué punto el posmodernismo en la literatura africana debe leerse como un desarrollo del modernismo y del poscolonialismo

LE SYSCOA ET LA PERTINENCE DE L'INFORMATION COMPTABLE : UNE ANALYSE DE LA PRATIQUE DANS LES ENTREPRISES TOGOLAISES

International audienceL'introduction du Système Comptable Ouest Africain (SYSCOA) dans la zone UEMOA en 1998 a eu comme soucis l'harmonisation des pratiques comptables des entreprises. L'analyse des systèmes d'information (SI) d'un échantillon d'entreprises togolaises suggère que la plupart de ces dernières disposent de SI opérationnel pour le reporting et la prise de décisions stratégiques. Il ressort de l'analyse que le SYSCOA devrait contribuer à l'amélioration de la pertinence des informations générées par les SI et à une uniformisation des pratiques comptables

Moving e-governance beyond borders: analysis of cross-border cooperation between Estonia and Finland

This thesis aims to analyse contemporary cross-border cooperation in the field of public sector digitalisation and e-governance. Using Estonia and Finland as exemplary examples of state digitalisation cases, the study adds to the existing literature on e-governance. Furthermore, it considers the emerging need for cross-border interoperability in government solutions. The central research questions of collaboration, interdependence and digitalisation image are supplemented with the recent developments in politics as well as inside the European Union. Research input provided by current and former public officials has led to the concluding analysis. Despite the success stories of both countries in digitalisation, the current cross-border collaboration requires further structure and political will in becoming the exemplary cross-border model for others to follow.https://www.ester.ee/record=b5439316*es

Forgiveness pada Anak yang Dolacurkan (AylaI

Fenomena pelacuran yang terjadi dalam masyarakat menjadi kebiasaan dalam kehidupan sosial bermasyarakat yang berimplikasi pada munculnya eksploitasi seksual komersial khususnya terhadap anak. Menjadi korban Pelacuran adalah satu dari sekian banyak situasi yang tidak diinginkan oleh siapapun. Tujuan dalam penelitian ini adalah untuk memahami secara mendalam mengenai reaksi emosi dan bentuk forgiveness pada anak yang dilacurkan. Metode pengumpulan data pada penelitian ini adalah studi kasus yang menggunakan wawancara dan observasi. Informan dalam penelitian ini adalah 4 orang anak yang dilacurkan, 2 informan yang berada di Balai Rehabilitasi Wanit Utama Surakarta dan 2 informan lainya berasal dari luar balai. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa anak yang dilacurkan mengalami reaksi emosi yang tidak terkontrol mulai dengan perasaan marah, takut, sedih, hancur, merasa tidak berharga, hingga perasaan ingin menyakiti diri sendiri. Bentuk forgiveness pada anak yang dilacurkan melalui 3 tahap, yaitu dengan memaafkan diri sendiri (forgiveness of self), memaafkan orang lain yaitu pelaku yang melacurkan (forgiveness of other) dan pemberian maaf pada situasi dengan adanya penerimaan yang positif terhadap takdir (forgiveness of situation)

LE SYSCOA ET LA PERTINENCE DE L'INFORMATION COMPTABLE : UNE ANALYSE DE LA PRATIQUE DANS LES ENTREPRISES TOGOLAISES

L'introduction du Système Comptable Ouest Africain (SYSCOA) dans la zone UEMOA en 1998 a eu comme soucis l'harmonisation des pratiques comptables des entreprises. L'analyse des systèmes d'information (SI) d'un échantillon d'entreprises togolaises suggère que la plupart de ces dernières disposent de SI opérationnel pour le reporting et la prise de décisions stratégiques. Il ressort de l'analyse que le SYSCOA devrait contribuer à l'amélioration de la pertinence des informations générées par les SI et à une uniformisation des pratiques comptables.Information comptable ; SYSCOA ; UEMOA ; Système d'information de gestion

Presumed Innocent: The Child Figure in U.S. Southern Literature, 1945 – 2004

In the nineteenth century in the U.S. the concept of childhood has usually been equated with innocence. Fiction, popular culture, and theatrical productions have not only spread this idea of childhood innocence but also attributed innocence and vulnerability to white children while negating children of color those qualities. This project examines the role of childhood in constructing U.S. southern identity in texts from 1945 to 2004. Drawing on Kathryn Bond Stockton’s conceptualization of the innocent child, the child of color, and the working class child who lacks the “normative” protection of innocence, and the white middle-class child who is psychologically distorted as a result of the burdens of socio-cultural norms, I discuss the queer child figures along racial, class, ethnic and gender lines. Under this category, I examine the southern white child in Lillian Smith’s Killers of the Dream, Katharine Du Pre Lumpkin’s The Making of a Southerner, the working class white child in Harry Crews’s A Childhood and Dorothy Allison’s Bastard Out of Carolina, the black child in Richard Wright’s Black Boy and Endesha Ida Mae Holland’s From the Mississippi Delta, the immigrant and Native American child in Lan Cao’s Monkey Bridge and Allison Adelle Hedge Coke’s Rock, Ghost, Willow, Deer: A Story of Survival. By focusing on twentieth and twenty-first century texts, this project seeks to identify the child’s agency (although limited by youth and dependability) in structuring his or/her identity in the South. I expect this project to challenge the assumptions of the historical and cultural construction of a monolithic Anglo-American identity as well as a narrow view of what “southern” means

Reflecting on and Embracing the Complexity of Literacy Theories in Practice

This paper responds to the need to support complexities of literacy instruction by identifying and illustrating teaching strategies used by a practicing special education teacher rooted in a multi-theoretical approach to teaching literacy. We argue the importance of teaching from multiple theoretical standpoints and utilizing student-centered, asset-based approaches to pedagogy, assessment, and learning relating to literacy. We share our multi-theoretical approach to understanding and teaching literacy, defining literacy and its complexities. Then, we illustrate several teaching practices including using growth mindset, implementing asset-based data collection, utilizing feedback, and integrating inquiry-based learning that ultimately supports the cultivation of empowered literacy learners who deem learning as both interesting and valuable. Finally, we discuss tensions and challenges inherent to implementing a multi-theoretical approach. Throughout, we provide reflection points to empower teachers to rely on their agency, self-efficacy, and expertise and to feel capable in their knowledge and agency in an era where teachers are increasingly experiencing deprofessionalization through disempowering factors