Deletion series in the P1 protein of the Sweet potato mild mottle virus identifies the shortest fully functional RNA silencing suppressor domain

RNA silencing is a part of the plant innate immune system that could effectively cope with intruders, like viruses. However, viruses evolved proteins that can suppress RNA silencing thus supporting virus spreading in the host. To counteract RNA silencing, suppressor proteins attack different players of RNA silencing pathway. The P1 protein of the Sweet potato mild mottle virus binds and inactivates small RNA loaded RISC complexes. Using a deletion series in the P1 protein we aimed to identify the possible smallest working version of P1. Our results revealed that the minimal RNA silencing suppressor domain of P1 is as small as 210 amino acids in size

Penicillamine: not only a chelating agent but also a potent neuroprotector in the neonatal period

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One-Pot Synthesis and Characterization of Novel Shape-Memory Poly(?-Caprolactone) Based Polyurethane-Epoxy Co-networks with Diels-Alder Couplings

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Biomechanical Effects of Different Load Cases with an Implant-Supported Full Bridge on Four Implants in an Edentulous Mandible: A Three-Dimensional Finite Element Analysis (3D-FEA)

The long-term success and predictability of implant-supported restorations largely depends on the biomechanical forces (stresses) acting on implants and the surrounding alveolar bone in the mandible. The aim of our study was to investigate the biomechanical behavior of an edentulous mandible with an implant-supported full bridge on four implants under simulated masticatory forces, in the context of different loading schemes, using a three-dimensional finite element analysis (3D-FEA). A patient-specific 3D finite element model was constructed using pre- and post-implantation computer tomography (CT) images of a patient undergoing implant treatment. Simplified masticatory forces set at 300 N were exerted vertically on the denture in four different simulated load cases (LC1–LC4). Two sets of simulations for different implants and denture materials (S1: titanium and titanium; S2: titanium and cobalt-chromium, respectively) were made. Stress outputs were taken as maximum (Pmax) and minimum principal stress (Pmin) and equivalent stress (Peqv) values. The highest peak Pmax values were observed for LC2 (where the modelled masticatory force excluded the cantilevers of the denture extending behind the terminal implants), both regarding the cortical bone (S1 Pmax: 89.57 MPa, S2 Pmax: 102.98 MPa) and trabecular bone (S1 Pmax: 3.03 MPa, S2 Pmax: 2.62 MPa). Overall, LC1—where masticatory forces covered the entire mesio−distal surface of the denture, including the cantilever—was the most advantageous. Peak Pmax values in the cortical bone and the trabecular bone were 14.97–15.87% and 87.96–94.54% higher in the case of S2, respectively. To ensure the long-term maintenance and longevity of treatment for implant-supported restorations in the mandible, efforts to establish the stresses of the surrounding bone in the physiological range, with the most even stress distribution possible, have paramount importance

Association of adherence to therapy and complementary and alternative medicine use with demographic factors and disease phenotype in patients with inflammatory bowel disease.

Background and aims: Previous studies have suggested an increasing use of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Furthermore, a significant number of IBD patients fail to comply with treatment. The aim of our study was to evaluate the prevalence of non-adherence and the use of CAM in Hungarian patients with IBD. Methods: A total of 655 consecutive IBD patients (CD: 344, age: 38.2 [SD 12.9] years; UC: 311, age: 44.9 [15.3] years) were interviewed during the specialist visit by self-administered questionnaire including demographic and disease-related data as well as items analyzing the extent of non-adherence and CAM use. Patients taking more than 80% of each prescribed medication were classified as adherent

Candidate plant gene homologues in grapevine involved in Agrobacterium transformation

Abstract The grapevine (Vitis vinifera) genome was analyzed in silico for homologues of plant genes involved in Agrobacterium transformation in Arabidopsis thaliana and Nicotiana spp. Grapevine homologues of the glucomannan 4-betamannosyltransferase 9 gene CslA-09 involved in bacterial attachment to the cell wall, homologues of reticulon-like proteins BTI1, 2, 3 and RAB8 GTPases, both involved in T-DNA transfer to the host cell, homologues of VirE2 interacting protein VIP1 that contributes to the targeting of T-DNA into the nucleus and to its integration, and homologues of the histone protein H2A, which promotes the expression of T-DNA encoded genes, were selected. Sequences homologous to the arabinogalactan-protein AtAGP17 were not found in the grape genome. Seventeen selected candidates were tested by semiquantitative RT-PCR analysis for changes in their expression levels upon inoculation with Agrobacterium tumefaciens C58. Of the tested homologues, the expression of VvRab8a, VvVip1a and two histone genes (VvHta2 and VvHta10) increased significantly, therefore we hypothesize that these might be involved in Agrobacterium transformation of V. vinifera.</jats:p

Korszerű adatelemzési technikák és modell alapú algoritmusok a kísérlettervezésben és kiértékelésben = Advanced data mining techniques and model based algorithms in product and process development

A kutatás során egy termék- és technológiafejlesztési keretrendszer került kidolgozásra a tágabb értelemben vett kísérlettervezési és adatelemzési technikák célirányos fejlesztése alapján. A kidolgozott technikák közös jellemzője a technológia fejlesztés lépései során keletkező információk hatékony kezelése. A technológia üzemeltetése során keletkező adatokból a potenciálisan hasznos információk feltárására adatbányászati technikákat alkalmaztunk, melyeket a vegyészmérnöki, és természettudományos ismeretek hatékony kezelése érdekében a legkorszerűbb folyamat szimulációs eszközökkel integráltunk. Az eredményeket egy a Springer leányvállalatánál (Birkhauser) megjelent monográfiában, egy magyar nyelvű (tan)könyvben, és tíznél több nemzetközi referált folyóiratban publikáltuk. A kidolgozott keretrendszer ipari alkalmazása folyamatban van. | A new framework for product and process development has been worked out based on the research of novel data mining and experiment design algorithms. The common feature of the proposed tools and methodologies is the effective management of the information through the whole life-cycle of process development. In the proposed framework data mining techniques have been applied to extract potentially useful information from historical process data. The related process-relevant a priori information is incorporated by advanced simulation techniqes. The resullts has been published in a reserch monogaph by Biskhauser and in more than ten peer-reviewed journals. The industrial application of the proposed framework has been also studied

A biológiai kezelés során bekövetkező hatásvesztés gyakorisága, okai és klinikai megközelítése gyulladásos bélbetegségek esetén = Epidemiology, Predictors and Clinical Aspects of Loss of Response to Biological Therapy

In the last two decades, the treatment paradigms for Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis have significantly changed inclusive of a continuously increasing role of biological therapy (anti TNFs). Some patients, however, experience lack or loss of response to biological treatment, and in such cases the management of patients is often empirical. In this review, the authors aim to summarize the available data regarding epidemiology and predictors of loss of response to biological therapy considering the clinical factors and the relationship between serum concentrations, antibodies against biological agents, respectively. Monitoring drug levels and antibodies is expected to play an important role in the management of loss of response (i.e. to confirm adherence, allow dose adjustment, or provide rationale for switching to another biological agent or to a different class of biological agent) in the coming years. The optimal method of detection and cut-off values are, however, not clear. In clinical practice, meticulous complex assessment of clinical symptoms, confirmation of active disease by endoscopic or radiological imaging, and excluding complications remain necessary. Orv. Hetil., 2012, 153, 163–173. </jats:p