Exploiting ambiguity: The diffraction artefact and the architectural surface

© The Author(s) 2018. In the contemporary ‘envisioned’ environment, Internet webcams, low- and high-altitude unmanned aerial vehicles and satellites are the new vantage points from which to construct the image of the city. Armed with hi-resolution digital optical technologies, these vantage points effectively constitute a ubiquitous visioning apparatus serving either the politics of promotion or surveillance. Given the political dimensions of this apparatus, it is important to note that this digital imaging of public urban space refers to the human visual system model. In order to mimic human vision, a set of algorithm patterns are used to direct numerous ‘soft’ and ‘hard’ technologies. Mimicry thus has a cost because this insistence on the human visual system model necessitates multiple transformative moments in the production and transmission pipeline. If each transformative moment opens a potential vulnerability within the visioning apparatus, then every glitch testifies to the artificiality of the image. Moreover, every glitch potentially interrupts the political narratives be communicated in contemporary image production and transmission. Paradoxically, the current use of scripting to create glitch-like images has reimagined glitches as a discrete aesthetic category. This article counters this aestheticisation by asserting glitching as a disruption in communication. The argument will rely on scaled tests produced by one of the authors who show how duplicating the digital algorithmic patterns used within the digital imaging pipeline on any exterior building surface glitches the visual data captured within that image. Referencing image-based techniques drawn from the Baroque and contemporary modes of camouflage, it will be argued that the visual aberrations created by these algorithm-based patterned facades can modify strategically the ‘emission signature’ of selected parts of the urban fabric. In this way, the glitch becomes a way to intercede in the digital portrayal of city

A productive ambiguity: Diffraction aberrations as a template for the architectural surface

© 2017, The Association for Computer-Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia (CAADRIA), Hong Kong. The hi-resolution imaging of public urban space for both promotional and surveillance purposes is now undertaken by a range of ubiquitous visioning technology such as Internet webcams, drones (UAV's) and high-altitude aircraft cameras. The ability to control and manipulate these types of images is a growing concern in an increasingly 'envisioned' environment. One approach is to disrupt or modify the 'emission signatures' of urban surfaces, which requires an understanding of the digital algorithms used to assemble and transmit image content into grids of visual data. Recent scaled tests show that Fraunhofer diffraction algorithms can interfere with the smooth transmission of image data. When these algorithmic patterns are physically constructed into a building façade, they create natural disruption glitches in the camera's successful transmission of visual data. The paper details how the quantum of visual aberration in the digital portrayal of the city can be determined by algorithm-based façade patterning

Status of the Construction of the First 15 m Long Superconducting Dipole Prototype for the LHC

CERN and INFN are jointly building the first full-size superconducting dipole prototype for the LHC. This magnet, whose construction was launched in spring 1995, is completely manufactured in industry . Its fabrication required the upgrade of the tooling which was used to build three 10-m long prototypes under a previous CERN-INFN Collaboration. The construction is being completed and the cryostate d magnet is expected to be at CERN for testing by the end of 1997. In this paper we discuss the results of the measurements carried out at 4.2 K and 2 K to determine the conductor properties (Ic of wi res and cables, magnetization), as well as the short sample limit. The main features of the coil construction are presented, together with the results of the main fabrication phases. In particular, th e validity of the fabrication techniques is assessed based on the obtained results

Characterization of Prototype Superfluid Helium Safety Relief Valves for the LHC Magnets

The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN will use high field superconducting magnets operating in pressurized superfluid helium (He II) at 1.9 K. Cold safety valves, with their inlet in direct contact with the He II bath, will be required to protect the cold masses in case of a magnet resistive transition. In addition to the safety function, the valves must limit their conduction heat load to the He II to below 0.3 W and limit their mass leakage when closed to below 0.01 g/s at 1.9 K with 100 mbar differential pressure. The valves must also have a high tolerance to contaminating particles in the liquid helium. The compliance with the specified performance is of crucial importance for the LHC cryogenic operation. An extensive test program is therefore being carried out on prototype industrial valves produced by four different manufacturers. The behavior of these valves has been investigated at room temperature and at 77 K. Precise heat load and mass leak measurements have been performed on a dedicated test facility at superfluid helium temperature. Results of cold and warm tests performed on as-delivered valves are presented

Study of Materials and Adhesives for Superconducting Cable Feedthroughs

Powering superconducting magnets requires the use of cryogenic feedthroughs for the superconducting cables capable of withstanding severe thermal, mechanical and electrical operating conditions. Such feedthrough shall provide the continuity of the superconducting circuit while ensuring a hydraulic separation at cryogenic temperature. A study about the adhesive and polymers required for the production of thermal shock resistant feedthroughs is presented. The strength of the busbar to adhesive joints was first investigated by compression/shear tests as well as pin and collar tests performed with four epoxy adhesives. After the selection of the most appropriate adhesive, pin and collar tests were performed with four different polymers. Based on the results, a superconducting cable feedthrough for 6 busbars of 6 kA and 12 busbars of 120 A was constructed and successfully tested

O gênero Burkholderia: um importante componente da comunidade microbiana.

Descrição do gênero Burkholderia; Distribuição e diversidade; Patógenos em seres humanos e animais; Patógenos em plantas; Espécies diazotróficas em plantas não leguminosas; Espécies diazotróficas em plantas leguminosas; Promoção de crescimento em plantas; Controle biológico de doenças em plantas; Biorremediação.bitstream/CNPAB-2010/33991/1/doc219.pd

Cost of Farm Crops

The present bulletin is an inquiry into the Cost of Farm Crops, as produced at the State Experiment Station, under the following conditions: 1. The crops were treated substantially as upon the farms ordinarily found in our state. 2. The labor was all charged against the fields at the uniform rate of 15 cents an hour for each man and team, or at the rate of $3 per day of ten hours. 3. Substitute the farmer anywhere in the state for the Experiment Station and charge his time and that of his team at the same rate, and the conditions, except soil and climate, are identical. The fields on which records are prepared and which enter into this bulletjn are as follows: Field No. I-Corn -- Field No. 2-Corn and hay -- Field No.3-Hay. -- Field No.6-Hay -- Field No.7-Wheat, oats, and rye. -- Field No.8-Corn

Bactérias Diazotróficas Endofíticas em Cultivares de Milho em Áreas de Cerrado e Mata no Estado de Roraima.

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A study on the geographical distribution of Brazil’s prestigious software developers

Brazil is an emerging economy with many IT initiatives from public and private sectors. To evaluate the progress of such initiatives, we study the geographical distribution of software developers in Brazil, in particular which of the Brazilian states succeed the most in attracting and nurturing them. We compare the prestige of developers with socio-economic data and find that (i) prestigious developers tend to be located in the most economically developed regions of Brazil, (ii) they are likely to follow others in the same state they are located in, (iii) they are likely to follow other prestigious developers, and (iv) they tend to follow more people. We discuss the implications of those findings for the development of the Brazilian software industry.Fernando Figueira Filho, Marcelo Gattermann Perin, Christoph Treude, Sabrina Marczak, Leandro Melo, Igor Marques da Silva and Lucas Bibiano dos Santo