Knowledge spillovers, location of industry, and endogenous growth

A Grossman-Helpman-Romer-type endogenous-growth model is developed in this study. This model has two countries in which there are knowledge spillovers that are partially local. Owing to these spillovers, innovation cost in a particular country decreases as the number of firms locating in both that country and the other country increases. If international knowledge spillovers are symmetric, innovation cost is lower in the country that has the larger market. However, if a small-market country can absorb the international knowledge spillovers better than a large-market country, the innovation cost may be lower in the small-market country. When the innovation cost is lower in the country that has a large market, the growth rate increases with agglomeration, which is generated by a reduction in the transportation costs. However, when the innovation cost is lower in the country that has a small market, the growth rate decreases with the reduction in the transportation costs.knowledge spillovers, growth rate, transportation costs, market scale

Probing new intra-atomic force with isotope shifts

In the development of atomic clocks, some atomic transition frequencies are measured with remarkable precision. These measured spectra may include effects of a new force mediated by a weakly interacting boson. Such effects might be distilled out from possible violation of a linear relation in isotope shifts between two transitions, as known as King's linearity, with relatively suppressed theoretical uncertainties. We discuss the experimental sensitivity to a new force in the test of the linearity as well as the linearity violation owing to higher order effects within the Standard Model. The sensitivity to new physics is limited by such effects. We have found that for Yb$^+$, the higher order effect is in the reach of future experiments. The sensitivity to a heavy mediator is also discussed. It is analytically clarified that the sensitivity becomes weaker than that in the literature. Our numerical results of the sensitivity are compared with other weak force search experiments.Comment: 16 pages, 3 figures; published versio

Measurement of the Drell-Yan differential cross-section d(sigma)/d(pT) at high dilepton mass in proton-proton collisions at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV with the ATLAS detector

A measurement of the Drell-Yan transverse momentum (pTμμ) distribution above the Z-boson mass region (116 GeV \u3c Mμμ) in proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 7 TeV is presented. Results are obtained using Z/γ* → μ+μ- decays in a data sample collected with the ATLAS detector at the LHC, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 36 pb-1. The normalized differential cross-section is measured up to pTμμ of 180 GeV. We measure the ratio of the pTμμ distribution in the high mass region to that in the Z-boson mass region and multiply it with the high-statistics pTμμ distribution in the Z-mass region. Both experimental and theoretical uncertainties cancel largely in the cross-section ratio. The results are compared with predictions of perturbative QCD and event generators and are found to agree with the prediction of resummed QCD combined with fixed-order perturbative QCD over the full pTμμ range

Low-Temperature Crystallization of Amorphous Silicate in Astrophysical Environments

We construct a theoretical model for low-temperature crystallization of amorphous silicate grains induced by exothermic chemical reactions. As a first step, the model is applied to the annealing experiments, in which the samples are (1) amorphous silicate grains and (2) amorphous silicate grains covered with an amorphous carbon layer. We derive the activation energies of crystallization for amorphous silicate and amorphous carbon from the analysis of the experiments. Furthermore, we apply the model to the experiment of low-temperature crystallization of amorphous silicate core covered with an amorphous carbon layer containing reactive molecules. We clarify the conditions of low-temperature crystallization due to exothermic chemical reactions. Next, we formulate the crystallization conditions so as to be applicable to astrophysical environments. We show that the present crystallization mechanism is characterized by two quantities: the stored energy density Q in a grain and the duration of the chemical reactions \tau . The crystallization conditions are given by Q > Q_{min} and \tau < \tau _{cool} regardless of details of the reactions and grain structure, where \tau _{cool} is the cooling timescale of the grains heated by exothermic reactions, and Q_{min} is minimum stored energy density determined by the activation energy of crystallization. Our results suggest that silicate crystallization occurs in wider astrophysical conditions than hitherto considered.Comment: 9 figures, accepted for publication in Astrophysical

Identification of multiple actin-binding sites in cofilin-phosphatase Slingshot-1L

AbstractSlingshot-1L (SSH1L) is a phosphatase that specifically dephosphorylates and activates cofilin, an actin-severing and -depolymerizing protein. SSH1L binds to and is activated by F-actin in vitro, and co-localizes with F-actin in cultured cells. We examined the F-actin-binding activity, F-actin-mediated phosphatase activation, and subcellular distribution of various mutants of SSH1L. We identified three sites involved in F-actin binding of SSH1L: Trp-458 close to the C-terminus of the phosphatase domain, an LHK motif in the N-terminal region, and an LKR motif in the C-terminal region. These sites play unique roles in the control of subcellular localization and F-actin-mediated activation of SSH1L

中国における葬礼の地域差と歴史的変化ー伝統の継承と変容ー

13301甲第4306号博士（文学）金沢大学博士論文本文Ful

すべての在独外国人に認められる「最低生活保障への基本権」の規範的意義および射程 -日独比較のための序論的考察-

早稲田大学博士(法学)早大学位記番号:新9399doctoral thesi