Secang (Caesalpinia Sappan) : Telaah Aktifitas Biologis Dan Potensi Pemanfaatannya

Plant resources serve abundant useful biological active substances. Secang, a local name of Caesalpinia sappan (Leguminosae), promise high possibility for a  broad-ranging purposes due to its biological activities. In traditional manner, the wood of secang is used for coloring agent for beverages, foods and cosmetics. Several  phytochemicals were isolated from the secang extract, including brazilin, brezilein, protosappanin, 4-0-methy/ sappanol, caesalpin, kampesterol and b-sitosterol. Secang extract and the compounds thereformhave been reported to possess a huge variety of  biological activities such asantioxidant, antibacterial, antifungal, anticancer, natural contraceptive and xanthine oxidase (XO) inhibitor.The biological  activities of the extracts andph vtochemicals ftrom secang may give scientific basis for their application in agricultural, food processing, medical and other industries

ISOLASI, IDENTIFIKASI DAN UJI TOKSISITAS SENYAWA FLAVONOID FRAKSI KLOROFORM DARI DAUN TERAP (ARTOCARPUS ODORATISSIMUS BLANCO)

The research about the characterization of flavonoid compound from the leaves of plants applicability chloroform(artocarpus odoratissimus Blanco). Extraction plants done by maceration method and separation of compounds wasperformed using the technique of vakum liquid chromatography and chromatography colomn flash. Separation resultobtained yellowish-white powder. Resul spectrum UV-visible absorption obtained namely the 254.37 to 181.28 areaabsorbance wavelength (nm), while FT-IR analysis result provide absorption at wavenumber there is an alkyl group, ahydroxyl group, an aromatic group and C-O-C stretching based on the data spectrum UV an IR spektrun can beconcluded that the compounds suspected isolated belonged to the Flanva-3-ol. Toxicity was conducted for prawn larvaeArtemia salina Leach. Effect of toxicity from isolate identified with presentage of prawn larva and counted by probitanalysis (LC 50 ). The results of this test showed that the the isolate was very toxic with LC 50 value of 26,8824 ppm. Thetest result obtained mortality of shrimp larvae LC 50 value of each sample is 110.5176 ppm total extract, chloroformfraction 147.7895 ppm, and isolate 80.2568 ppm.Keywords : Terap (Artocarpus odoratissimus Blanco), Isolation, Flavonoid, BSL

ANALISIS FITOKIMIA EKSTRAK KAYU EBONI (Diospyros celebica Bakh.)

The purpose of this study was to determine the resistant-termite activity through phytochemical analysis with color test methods and compounds from the extracts of ebony. The results of this study are expected to provide early information about the biological activity of extracts of ebony as a natural anti-termite and the possibility of its utilization as a natural preservative in wood preservation. Ebony (Diospyros celebica Bakh.) have a 1th durable class and 1th strong class. Ebony is the endemic species in Central Sulawesi. The methods of maceration ebony powder, extract ethanol, extraction and fractionation and phytochemical analysis through tests of alkoloid, flavonoid, terpenoid, tannin,  saponin, steroid, carotenoid and  cumarin were applied in this research. The results showed that the extract of ebony contains alkaloids in acetone, n-hexane, ethyl acetate, acetone and methanol. Flavonoid compound was found only in the solvent n - hexane. Tannin compound only on the solvent of ethyl acetate. Saponin compound contained in the acetone and methanol solvents. Steroid compound contained in the acetone and methanol solvents. Carotenoid compound is unfound in all solvents. Carbohydrate compound found only in ethanol. Terpenoids compound found in the acetone and methanol solvents. Cumarin compound contained only in n - hexane.Key words : anti termite, extractive, eboni wood, phytochemical analysis

Phytochemical Screening and Antioxidant Activity of Selekop (Lepisanthes Amoena) Fruit

Selekop (Lepisanthes amoena (Hassk.) Leenh.) plant leaves are used by the Dayak tribe of East Kalimantan as traditional cosmetics. Selekop fruit is also edible, but not well known. This study was conducted to obtain the phytochemical content and antioxidant assay in flesh, seed and pericarp extracts from the fruit of Selekop. Phytochemical analysis was conducted on ethanol extract for identification of flavonoid, alkaloid, tannin, saponin, triterpenoid and steroid. The antioxidant activity was done by DPPH assay with ascorbic acid as positive control. The flesh contained flavonoid, saponin, and tannin; the seed contained flavonoid, alkaloid, saponin, triterpenoid, and tannin; and the pericarp contained flavonoid, alkaloid, saponin, triterpenoid, and tannin. Analysis of antioxidant activity revealed the following Inhibitory Concentration (IC50 values): 122.51 ppm of flesh, 63.30 ppm of seed, 53.21 ppm of pericarp and 3.06 ppm of ascorbic acid. Based on these results, the ethanol extract of the seed and the flesh had a phytochemical content and antioxidant activity which was better than the flesh extract from Selekop fuit

SKRINING FITOKIMIA DAN UJI TOKSISITAS PADA DAUN TERAP (Artocarpus elasticus) DENGAN METODE BRINE SHRIMP LETHALITY TEST (BSLT)

A research to find out the secondary metabolite compounds contained in theleaves of terap (Artocarpus elasticus) and its toxicity of terap leavesextract has been done by using Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT) method. Toxicity was conducted for prawn Artemia salina Leach of 48 hours age. Toxicity data were obtained from Lethal Concentration 50% (LC50) with percentage of death of prawn larva and counted by probit analysis SAS. The result showed that 5thn-hexane fraction was more toxic than another extract with LC50 values 71.887 ppm and furthermore, the bioactive compound of 5thn-hexane fraction was probably to be either steroid compound.   Keywords: Artocarpus elasticus, Phytochemical, Toxicit

Secang (Caesalpinia Sappan) : Telaah Aktifitas Biologis dan Potensi Pemanfaatannya

Plant resources serve abundant useful biological active substances. Secang, a local name of Caesalpinia sappan (Leguminosae), promise high possibility for a broad-ranging purposes due to its biological activities. In traditional manner, the wood of secang is used for coloring agent for beverages, foods and cosmetics. Several phytochemicals were isolated from the secang extract, including Brazilin, brezilein, protosappanin, 4-0-methy/ sappanol, caesalpin, kampesterol and b-sitosterol. Secang extract and the compounds thereformhave been reported to possess a huge variety of biological activities such asantioxidant, antibacterial, antifungal, anticancer, natural contraceptive and xanthine oxidase (XO) inhibitor.The biological activities of the extracts andph vtochemicals ftrom secang may give scientific basis for their application in agricultural, food processing, medical and other industries

Aktivitas Anti Jamur Ekstrak Kulit Kayu Laban (Vitex pubescens Vahl) (Antifungal Activity of Laban (Vitex pubescens) Bark Extracts)

The most of antifungi used in preservatives for wood, food, fungicides, dyestuff, etc. come from synthetical substances, that poisoned not only for fungi but also for environment. In recent, antifungi have been taken from plants. Laban (Vitex pubescens Vahl) is one of high quality wood has been used in Kalimantan (Borneo). Isolation of active compounds will provide scientific validation for the use of laban in another purposes. The object of this research was to evaluate the antifungi activity of bark extract of Laban wood. Extractives solubility of laban bark in methanol was 6.03%. Soluble fractions in n-hexane, diethyl ether, and ethyl acetate yielded 0.27%, 0.39%, and 0.47% respectively. Fractions of n- hexane and diethyl ether contained steroid, flavonoid and carbohydrates. While, ethyl acetate fraction contained triterpeoids, flavonoids, and carbohydrates. Thin layer chromatography (TLC) test of laban bark extracts showed the active compounds of aldehide, keton, and flavonoids. The n-hexane-, diethyl ether-, and ethyl acetate extracts showed the significant anti fungal activities by air-borne method. Antifungal activity of o- hexane extract against Candida albicans was detected by a bioautography assay on TLC plate. The results showed that bark of laban possess potential antifungal activity to be developed as natural antifungal substances