Feeding the Dairy Herd

Dairy cows, in order to make milk in large quantities, must be supplied with liberal amounts of the raw material from which milk can be made. That means good feed.The average production of South Dakota milk cows for 1961 was 5,700 pounds of milk and 205 pounds of butterfat. Much of this relatively low production is due to poor feed and lack of enough feed. Production and feed records shown in table 5 reveal that one way to get increased production is to give the cows more feed. Feed is the greatest single item of expense in producing milk. It accounts for about half the total yearly cost of keeping a cow. Since feed is such an important part of the expense in producing milk, the herd owner probably has the greatest opportunity to reduce his production costs and increase his net ·profit by studying how he can supply his cows with the food nutrients they need at the lowest cost

Farm Standards for the Production of Manufacturing Milk

This publication is designed as a reference for producers, fieldmen, county extension agents and other interested in the dairy industry of South Dakota. The recommendations are prepared as a guide for producers of manufacturing milk. It provides information and diagrams for animal health, the milking facility, procedure, cooling, utensils and equipment, and handling

Computing Dairy Cattle Rations

Guide to computing dairy cattle rations discusses total feed requirements for dairy cattle, balancing rations, and commercial products

Dairy Project Guide for South Dakota 4-H Club Members

Dairy project guide for South Dakota 4-H club members addresses selection, feeding, breeding, fitting and showing, production records, registration, and judging

Milk House Planning

This publication has been prepared to present the minimum requirements for a Grade A milk house recommended for the production of manufactured milk. It provides information on the location, size, foundation, floor, walls, ceiling, lighting, ventilation, water supply and waste disposal, wiring, heating, and doors, including diagrams

Control of Dairy Livestock Pests in South Dakota -- 1965

Control of dairy livestock pests in South Dakota in 1965 addresses sanitation, back rubbers, barn treatment for residual fly control, special precautions, baits, treated strips, barn fogging or misting, and, milk rooms. Includes a table of recommendations for insect control

Milk House Planning

This document discusses elements to be considered before building a milk house on a farm. This leaflet has been prepared to present the minimum requirements for a Grade A milk house. It is recommended for the production of manufactured milk

Canagliflozin and Renal Outcomes in Type 2 Diabetes and Nephropathy

BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes mellitus is the leading cause of kidney failure worldwide, but few effective long-term treatments are available. In cardiovascular trials of inhibitors of sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2), exploratory results have suggested that such drugs may improve renal outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes. METHODS In this double-blind, randomized trial, we assigned patients with type 2 diabetes and albuminuric chronic kidney disease to receive canagliflozin, an oral SGLT2 inhibitor, at a dose of 100 mg daily or placebo. All the patients had an estimated glomerular filtration rate (GFR) of 30 to 300 to 5000) and were treated with renin–angiotensin system blockade. The primary outcome was a composite of end-stage kidney disease (dialysis, transplantation, or a sustained estimated GFR of <15 ml per minute per 1.73 m 2), a doubling of the serum creatinine level, or death from renal or cardiovascular causes. Prespecified secondary outcomes were tested hierarchically. RESULTS The trial was stopped early after a planned interim analysis on the recommendation of the data and safety monitoring committee. At that time, 4401 patients had undergone randomization, with a median follow-up of 2.62 years. The relative risk of the primary outcome was 30% lower in the canagliflozin group than in the placebo group, with event rates of 43.2 and 61.2 per 1000 patient-years, respectively (hazard ratio, 0.70; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.59 to 0.82; P=0.00001). The relative risk of the renal-specific composite of end-stage kidney disease, a doubling of the creatinine level, or death from renal causes was lower by 34% (hazard ratio, 0.66; 95% CI, 0.53 to 0.81; P<0.001), and the relative risk of end-stage kidney disease was lower by 32% (hazard ratio, 0.68; 95% CI, 0.54 to 0.86; P=0.002). The canagliflozin group also had a lower risk of cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, or stroke (hazard ratio, 0.80; 95% CI, 0.67 to 0.95; P=0.01) and hospitalization for heart failure (hazard ratio, 0.61; 95% CI, 0.47 to 0.80; P<0.001). There were no significant differences in rates of amputation or fracture. CONCLUSIONS In patients with type 2 diabetes and kidney disease, the risk of kidney failure and cardiovascular events was lower in the canagliflozin group than in the placebo group at a median follow-up of 2.62 years