The first sawfly from the Oligocene of Céreste (Southern France) (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae)

Luberotenthredo cerestensis gen. et sp. nov. is the first record of the sawfly family Tenthredinidae from the Oligocene of Céreste (Southern France). This taxon is described and illustrated based on a well-preserved specimen. This genus resembles the extant genus Perineura (subfamily Tenthredininae, tribe Perineurini) with which it shares forewing venation similarities and numerous morphological characters. This new taxon is the first fossil representative of the tribe Perineurini and can be used as a calibration point for future investigation of the diversification of the family Tenthredinidae

Pelecyogyra (Mollusca) from the Early Ordovician of the Montagne Noire, France

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Perineurini Rohwer 1911

<p>Tribe Perineurini Rohwer, 1911 (sensu Wei & Nie 1998)</p> Remark <p> Most fossil species currently placed in the genus <i>Tenthredo</i> Linnaeus, 1758 should be revised because, in many cases, these attributions were only a way to indicate affinities with the family Tenthredinidae.</p>Published as part of <i>Nel, André, Wei, Meicai, Niu, Gengyun, Coster, Pauline, Boderau, Mathieu, Josse, Hugo, Kundura, Jean-Paul, Kundura, Marie-Hélène, Brisac, Patrick, Boudet, Loup & Jouault, Corentin, 2024, The first sawfly from the Oligocene of Céreste (Southern France) (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae), pp. 1-18 in European Journal of Taxonomy 917</i> on page 3, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2024.917.2383, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/10453406">http://zenodo.org/record/10453406</a&gt

Luberotenthredo cerestensis Nel & Wei & Niu & Coster & Boderau & Josse & Kundura & Kundura & Brisac & Boudet & Jouault 2024, sp. nov.

<i>Luberotenthredo cerestensis</i> sp. nov. <p>urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: C0B3232C-A6E4-4769-8830-1175B235 CAD 9</p> <p>Figs 1–4</p> Diagnosis <p>As for the genus, by monotypy (vide supra).</p> Etymology <p>Named after the small village of Céreste (Luberon, Southern France).</p> Type material <p> <b>Holotype</b></p> <p>FRANCE • ♀ (imprint of a complete specimen fossilized in dorsal view); Alpes-de-Haute-Provence, South of the village of Céreste; Early Oligocene, ‘ Calcaire de Campagne-Calavon’ Formation; PNRL 2716, stored in the Musée de Géologie, Réserve géologique du Luberon, Parc naturel régional du Luberon, Apt, France.</p> Type locality and horizon <p>France, Alpes-de-Haute-Provence, South of the village of Céreste, Early Oligocene, ‘Calcaire de Campagne-Calavon’ Formation.</p> Description <p>MEASUREMENTS. Body length 8.7 mm.</p> <p>COLOR. Body brown with darker head; compound eyes dark brown; wings hyaline, pterostigma dark brown anteriorly and lighter posteriorly.</p> <p>HEAD. Deformed and poorly preserved, 1.4 mm long, 2.0 mm wide; compound eyes large, occupying most of head lateral surface, deformed; mouthparts not preserved except left mandible with at least one apical and two preapical teeth; antennae very long, slightly longer than abdomen; scape and pedicel very short; seven flagellomeres; third antennomere as long as fourth; preapical flagellomeres cylindrical, elongate, slightly truncate obliquely.</p> <p>THORAX. ca 3.0 mm long, 2.8 mm wide, apparently smooth (deformed by compression); pronotum markedly constricted medially; propleuron short and head close to thorax; legs not preserved.</p> <p>FOREWING. Complete, 7.5 mm long, 2.9 mm wide; short anterior Sc branch located slightly anteriad Sc+R and 1-M meeting point; pterostigma 1.3 mm long, 0.5 mm wide, strongly arched along cell 2R1, slightly arched along anterior wing margin; M+Cu slightly curved; 1-M slightly longer than 1-Cu, nearly straight; vein R clearly deviated between junctions of 1-M and Sc; fusion of M with R very long, longer than half length of vein 1-M; vein 2-M meeting R more than halfway between short anterior Sc branch and pterostigma; vein 2-M slightly longer than 1rs-m; Rs emerging at pterostigmal base; 2-Rs nearly straight, longer than 3-Rs; r-rs crossvein located in pterostigma distalmost part, meeting Rs anteriad 3rsm, enclosing cell 2R1; 4-Rs and 5-Rs nearly aligned with 4-Rs extremely short (more than twice shorter than 3-Rs); cell 1R1 trapezoidal, 0.5 mm long; cell 1Rs 1.2 mm long, enclosed distally by subvertical 2rs-m (the latter lightly longer than 1rs-m); 3-M shorter than 4-M; cell 2Rs 0.9 mm long, distinctly wider along sinusoidal 3rs-m; 1-Cu and 2-Cu nearly straight, 1-Cu longer than 2-Cu; lm-cu meeting Cu at an angle of ca 110°, 1-M and 1m-cu subparallel and of similar lengths; cell 1Cu elongate, longer than cell R; 1cu-a (nervulus) located slightly distad middle of cell 1M; cell 2Cu short trapezoidal; cell 2M fully enclosed distally by long slightly sinusoidal crossvein 2m-cu; vein 1-A long, nearly straight; vein 2A+3-A complete, strongly sinuate in first half, fused with to 1-A on a short distance; cell 1A shorter than cell 2A, ca 0.8× length of cell 2A.</p> <p>HIND WING. ca 6.3 mm long; thin costal cell present; thin space between C and R along anterior wing margin; M+Cu long, nearly straight, fork located anteriad Rs origin: 1M long, slightly arched, apparently meeting Rs (i.e., no rs-m crossvein present); abscissae of Rs distad meeting point with 1-M long and nearly straigth; cell R1 elongate and thin; cell Rs virtually fully enclosed (second abscissa of M difficult to interpret); crossvein 1rs-m located near middle of cell R1; cell 1M trapezoidal, rather broad, 1.4 times as long as wide; 1-Cu and 2-Cu of similar lengths, closed distally by 1m-cu; cell 1Cu elongate, rectangular, closed distally by cu-a; 1-A long slightly sinusoidal; crossvein a-a located at level of 1-M origin; 2-A long, slightly arched; cell 1A wider than 1Cu but shorter; vein 3-A present, short.</p> <p>ABDOMEN (partly preserved). Without visible surface sculpture, virtually 4.5 mm long, 2.4 mm wide; ovipositor sheath short and broad, 0.8 mm long.</p> Remarks <p> The new fossil differs from the genus <i>Sambia</i> Vilhelmsen & Engel, 2012 (Eocene Baltic amber) in the forewing veins 2+3-A, which are fused with 1-A on a short distance (vs a long crossvein in-between) and its elongate flagellomeres (Vilhelmsen & Engel 2012). With the lower Oligocene genus <i>Nortonella</i> Rohwer, 1908 it shares the vein 2+3-A shortly fused with 1-A (Rohwer 1908: fig. 1). But <i>Nortonella</i> has the crossvein 1cu-a very close to the base of 1-M, versus about midway between the base of 1-M and 3-Cu in the new fossil and in several extant species of the genus <i>Perineura</i> Hartig, 1837 (see photographs of the holotype UCM 4517: https://invertpaleosearch.colorado.edu/). The new fossil can be separated from the lower Oligocene genus <i>Taeniurites</i> Cockerell, 1917 by the vein 2+3-A, which is shortly fused with 1-A (vs separated) and vein 1cu-a about midway between the base of 1-M and 3-Cu, vs very close to the base of 1-M (Cockerell 1917). The Uppermost Oligocene genus <i>Tenthredinites</i> Meunier, 1915 is based on a poorly preserved specimen (Meunier 1915), which is probably lost. Rodriguez <i>et al.</i> (2017) suggested it could be a Pompilidae Latreille, 1805. The Miocene genus <i>Tenthredoides</i> Zhang, 1989 differs from the new fossil in the vein 1cu-a, which is very close to the base of 1-M (Zhang 1989: textfig. 224).</p>Published as part of <i>Nel, André, Wei, Meicai, Niu, Gengyun, Coster, Pauline, Boderau, Mathieu, Josse, Hugo, Kundura, Jean-Paul, Kundura, Marie-Hélène, Brisac, Patrick, Boudet, Loup & Jouault, Corentin, 2024, The first sawfly from the Oligocene of Céreste (Southern France) (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae), pp. 1-18 in European Journal of Taxonomy 917</i> on pages 4-8, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2024.917.2383, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/10453406">http://zenodo.org/record/10453406</a&gt

Luberotenthredo Nel & Wei & Niu & Coster & Boderau & Josse & Kundura & Kundura & Brisac & Boudet & Jouault 2024, gen. nov.

Genus <i>Luberotenthredo</i> gen. nov. <p>urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 9AF5CFB2-D294-4091-9FC9-CA37383A1B0C</p> Type species <p> <i>Luberotenthredo cerestensis</i> sp. nov.</p> Diagnosis <p> Antennae very long; antennomeres very long (more than twice as long as wide); all flagellomeres elongate and slightly truncate obliquely distally; 3 rd antennomere as long as 4 th; tergum 1 with median furrow. Forewing with crossvein 1cu-a distad middle of cell 1M; 2+3-A strongly sinuous, short fusion of 2+3-A with 1-A; ratio of lengths of basal/distal parts of forewing anal cells 0.8. Hind wing with two central cells (i.e., Rs and 1M); anal cell not sessile.</p> Etymology <p> Named after the Luberon mountain and the genus <i>Tenthredo</i>. Gender neutral.</p>Published as part of <i>Nel, André, Wei, Meicai, Niu, Gengyun, Coster, Pauline, Boderau, Mathieu, Josse, Hugo, Kundura, Jean-Paul, Kundura, Marie-Hélène, Brisac, Patrick, Boudet, Loup & Jouault, Corentin, 2024, The first sawfly from the Oligocene of Céreste (Southern France) (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae), pp. 1-18 in European Journal of Taxonomy 917</i> on pages 3-4, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2024.917.2383, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/10453406">http://zenodo.org/record/10453406</a&gt