Electron donor contributions to denitrification in the Elk Valley Aquifer, North Dakota

Six denitrification tracer tests were performed over eight and a half years in in situ mesocosms (ISMs) in the Elk Valley Aquifer (EVA) in east-central North Dakota. Groundwater samples were analyzed to determine how much nitrate was lost beyond that explained by dilution of the bromide tracer. Additional losses were attributed to denitrification. The denitrification rates varied from 0.10 to 0.23 mg N/L/day for the six tests. In general, the major electron donors for denitrification are organic carbon (OC), pyrite (FeS2), and ferrous iron silicate minerals. In the EVA tracer tests, increases in sulfate indicated that the oxidation of pyrite explained a significant of the denitrification. The contributions of the three electron donors varied between tests and from test to test with pyrite, ferrous iron from silicate minerals, and OC apparently contributing 38-84%, 1-3%, and 14-59% to denitrification, respectively

Kinetic Family Drawing Comparisons of Students who are Deaf with Signing Parents and Students who are Deaf with Non-signing Parents

This study evaluated the differences in the Kinetic Family Drawing (KFD) of two groups of students who are Deaf: one with signing parents, and the other with non-signing parents. Participants included 14 students who were Deaf from a large Midwestern metropolitan area school specifically serving Deaf people, from middle school to high school, ranging in age from 12 to 19 years old. The questions to be addressed were: Will there be a difference in drawing indicators of those students with signing parents when compared to those students with non- signing parents? Could those differences indicate possible struggles in cognitive and psychosocial developments of those with non-signing parents? To answer this question, three raters, were trained to use the Formal Elements Art Therapy Scale (FEATS) evaluation process to objectively rate the students’ KFDs. A t-test of the results determined that there was a significant difference between the two groups. Further analysis of elements discovered in the KFDs also presented several themes from the non-signing group indicating that the differences may be due to inadequate development of cognitive and psychosocial aspects of the students with non-signing parents. The study drew comparisons from specific FEATS categories to provide art therapists and clinicians with data that may be useful in evaluating a Deaf individual’s family support as well as his/her abilities in the areas of coping, problem solving, and interaction with other people. Future studies that include participation by students outside the school may solicit richer data, permitting generalizations of results to specific groups

VeryFastCCD: a high frame rate soft X-ray detector

Direct X-ray detection in silicon has been transformative for scattering experiments in biology and materials science. While bump-bonded hybrid pixels have been attractive for hard X-ray detection, the challenge for single photon soft X-ray detection is sufficiently low noise. CCD structures on thick, high-resistivity silicon have been successfully used as sensors over the range of soft to hard X-rays at storage rings and FELs. The VeryFastCCD is a high frame rate, column-parallel CCD sensor with 48 μm pixels. Combined with 256-channel custom readout ASICs, frame rates of 5–10 kHz have been achieved with readout noise as low as 20 e and full-well capacity >4 × 105 e/pixel. Thin (10 nm and 100 nm) entrance window contact processes have also been developed which provide >85% quantum efficiency for 285 eV X-rays. Systems are currently being developed for several beamlines at the upgraded Advanced Light Source

Edificações habitacionais - Desempenho

Síntese da norma de desempenh

Pathological manifestations wall/window interface: an exploratory case study about watertightness on aluminum windows

A homologação das esquadrias de alumínio dentro do PBQP-H foi um passo rumo à padronização e elevação da qualidade e da sustentabilidade do setor no Brasil. Contudo, a falta de critérios específicos quanto aos procedimentos de instalação resulta em manifestações patológicas. Este artigo objetiva analisar as patologias por falhas de estanqueidade em esquadrias de alumínio, na interface esquadria/vão, em um estudo de caso exploratório. Sabe-se que os fornecedores de perfis, fabricantes e sistemistas homologados pelo programa devem oferecer produtos que atendam à ABNT NBR 10821:2017. Conclui-se que, apesar da ABNT NBR 15575:2013 estabelecer ensaios que avaliam a estanqueidade da interface esquadria/vão, a inexistência de um procedimento de instalação normatizado colabora na ocorrência de manifestações patológicas.The approval of aluminum frames within the PBQP-H was a step towards the standardization and elevation of the quality and sustainability of the sector in Brazil. However, the lack of specific criteria for installation procedures results in pathological manifestations. This article aims to analyze the pathologies due to leaks in aluminum frames, in the frame / gap interface, in an exploratory case study. It is known that the suppliers of profiles, manufacturers and systemists approved by the program must of er products that meet ABNT NBR 10821: 2017. It is concluded that, although ABNT NBR 15575: 2013 establish tests that assess the tightness of the miter / gap interface, the lack of a standardized installation procedure contributes to the occurrence of pathological manifestations

Two sides of the same coin? Patient and therapist experiences with a transdiagnostic blended intervention focusing on emotion regulation.

Introduction The combination of internet-based intervention and psychotherapy, commonly termed blended therapy (BT), has gained popularity in recent years. While advantages and disadvantages of BT have been identified from the patient and therapist perspective, the two perspectives have rarely been examined within the same treatment. Moreover, almost all available research on patient and therapist experiences with BT is disorder-specific. This study aimed to investigate patient and therapist experiences within the same transdiagnostic BT. Methods A qualitative analysis of semi-structured interviews with eight patients and eight therapists taking part in a transdiagnostic blended intervention focusing on the topic of emotion regulation was conducted. A qualitative content analysis approach was used. Category frequencies were calculated and similarities and differences between the patient and therapist experience were explored. Results Ten main themes and 59 subthemes were identified in the category system for patient interviews and ten main themes and 50 subthemes were identified in the category system for therapist interviews. Similarities and differences between the two perspectives were reported with regard to 1) expectations toward the intervention, 2) the internet-based intervention, 3) symptomatology and emotion regulation, 4) the therapeutic relationship and 5) the blended format. Conclusion This study provides first insights on the experiences with transdiagnostic BT focusing on emotion regulation. Based on the results, different recommendations for the improvement of transdiagnostic BT are made. Future research on patient and therapist experiences with transdiagnostic BT is necessary, in order to further improve the experience of those involved

Coocorrência de mutações nos genes PTPN11 e SOS1 na síndrome de Noonan: este achado prediz um fenótipo mais grave?

Noonan syndrome (NS) is an autosomal dominant disorder, with variable phenotypic expression, characterized by short stature, facial dysmorphisms and heart disease. Different genes of the RAS/MAPK signaling pathway are responsible for the syndrome, the most common are: PTPN11, SOS1, RAF1, and KRAS. The objective of this study was to report a patient with Noonan syndrome presenting mutations in two genes of RAS/MAPK pathway in order to establish whether these mutations lead to a more severe expression of the phenotype. We used direct sequencing of the PTPN11, SOS1, RAF1, and KRAS genes. We have identified two described mutations in heterozygosity: p.N308D and p.R552G in the genes PTPN11 and SOS1, respectively. The patient has typical clinical features similar to the ones with NS and mutation in only one gene, even those with the same mutation identified in this patient. A more severe or atypical phenotype was not observed, suggesting that these mutations do not exhibit an additive effect.A síndrome de Noonan (SN) é uma doença gênica autossômica dominante, com expressão clínica variável, caracterizada por baixa estatura, dismorfismos faciais e cardiopatia. Diferentes genes da via de sinalização RAS/MAPK são responsáveis pela síndrome, sendo as mais frequentes: PTPN11, SOS1, RAF1 e KRAS. O objetivo deste estudo foi relatar um paciente com SN que apresenta mutações em dois genes da via RAS/MAPK a fim de estabelecer se essas mutações levam a uma expressão mais grave do fenótipo. Utilizou-se sequenciamento direto dos genes PTPN11, SOS1, RAF1 e KRAS. Foram identificadas duas mutações em heterozigose previamente descritas: p.N308D e p.R552G nos genes PTPN11 e SOS1, respectivamente. A paciente apresenta quadro clínico típico semelhante ao dos pacientes com SN e mutação em um único gene, mesmo naqueles com a mesma mutação identificada na paciente. Não foi observado um fenótipo mais grave ou atípico na paciente, sugerindo que as mutações não apresentam um efeito aditivo

Diagnóstico dos Repositórios de Dados no Brasil

Digital data have become essential for leveraging scientific research. In part, they serve a purely functional and ephemeral role, but their importance becomes permanent, and their value as a substrate for scientific communication may increase or decrease, depending on the demands and uses to which they are put. In this context, data preservation has become a demand both for researchers and for universities and research centers. In response, in Brazil different repositories have emerged, serving to store data in various areas of knowledge. This research aims to locate repositories that hold primary scientific research data in Brazil. To accomplish this, searches were undertaken in the Re3Data, OpenDoar, ROAR directories and review of the repositories of the Federal Institutions of Higher Education registered with the Ministry of Education. This enabled the location of 20 repositories covering data and the analysis of their main characteristics in relation to subject coverage areas and preservation standards. The data obtained shows that, although most repositories provide alignment with international standards, some do not have adequate infrastructure for the datasets provided. It is considered that there may be a management failure in some repositories, but most are adequate to meet the needs of making scientific data available and searchable across all indicators.Los datos digitales se han convertido en esenciales para impulsar la investigación científica. En parte, cumplen un papel puramente funcional y efímero, pero su importancia pasa a ser permanente y su valor como sustrato de la comunicación científica puede aumentar o disminuir en función de las exigencias y los usos que se les den. En este contexto, la conservación de datos se ha convertido en una exigencia tanto para los investigadores como para las universidades y centros de investigación. En respuesta, en Brasil han surgido diferentes repositorios que sirven para almacenar datos en diversas áreas del conocimiento. Esta investigación pretende localizar repositorios que contengan datos primarios de investigación científica en Brasil. Para ello, se realizaron búsquedas en los directorios Re3Data, OpenDoar, ROAR y revisión de los repositorios de las Instituciones Federales de Enseñanza Superior registradas en el Ministerio de Educación. Esto permitió localizar 20 repositorios de datos y analizar sus principales características en relación con las áreas de cobertura temática y las normas de conservación. Los datos obtenidos muestran que, aunque la mayoría de los repositorios se ajustan a las normas internacionales, algunos no disponen de la infraestructura adecuada para los conjuntos de datos proporcionados. Se considera que algunos repositorios pueden tener fallos de gestión, pero la mayoría ofrecen una adecuación a las necesidades de disponibilidad y búsqueda de datos científicos en todos los indicadores.Os dados digitais se tornaram essenciais para alavancar a pesquisa científica. Em parte, servem a um papel puramente funcional e efêmero, mas sua importância se torna permanente e o seu valor como substrato da comunicação científica pode aumentar ou diminuir, dependendo das demandas e usos a que são destinados. Nesse contexto, a preservação dos dados passou a ser uma demanda tanto para pesquisadores quanto para universidades e centros de pesquisa. Em resposta, no Brasil têm surgido diferentes repositórios, servindo para armazenar os dados em variadas áreas do conhecimento. A presente pesquisa tem o objetivo de localizar repositórios que reúnem dados primários de pesquisa científica no Brasil. Para realizá-lo, foram empreendidas buscas nos diretórios Re3Data, OpenDoar, ROAR e revisão dos repositórios das Instituições Federais de Ensino Superior cadastradas no Ministério da Educação. Isto possibilitou a localização de 20 repositórios que abrangem dados e a análise  das suas principais características em relação às áreas de cobertura temática e aos padrões de preservação. Os dados obtidos demonstram que, embora a maioria dos repositórios disponibilizem alinhamento com padrões internacionais, alguns não apresentam infraestruturas adequadas para os conjuntos de dados disponibilizados. Considera-se que pode haver falha na gestão de determinados  repositórios, mas a maioria oferece adequação às necessidades para disponibilização e busca dos dados científicos em todos os indicadores