Az Eriococcidae pajzstestű család fontosabb nemeinek világreviziója = World revision of the most important genera of the Eriococcidae family

Az Eriococcidae családot 50 ország anyagán tanulmányoztuk. Magyarország 526 helyén végeztünk gyűjtéseket (1140 minta), 180 tartalmazott Eriococcidae-kat. Gyűjteményünk 130 fajjal gazdagodott. 9 új génusz és 27 új faj került leírásra, és publikálásra. A készülő Palaearktikus művünk a 18 génuszból ismert 175 faj helyett 27 nemből 195 fajt tartalmaz. Új fajok lelőhelyei: Ausztria, Kanári sz., Ciprus, Spanyolország, Törökország, Ausztrália, Új Guinea, Sulawesi, Fülöp sz., Brazília, Chile, Paraguay, Venezuela. Több új határozást segítő morfológiai bélyeget is találtunk. Az Acanthococcus aceris faj molekuláris etalonjaként is a magyar példányt használják a világon. Új hipotézisként jeleztük az Új-Zéland-Pacifikus-Orientális-Palaearktikus terjedési útvonal fajképzésben játszott szerepét. A tápnövény specializációban e családnál a polifágiára való hajlam hipotézise elvethető és fajok keletkezési trendje a Jermy féle szekvenciális evolúció hipotézisével írható le. A kladisztikai elemzések alapján a Palaearktikumban használt génuszok jól elkülönülnek, sőt további kisebb csoportokat is alkotnak. A pajzstetvek elterjedését bemutató könyvünk 7 génuszban 25 Eriococcidae-t tartalmaz. A felderítések során bükkön a Cryptococcus fagisuga, a Pseudochermes fraxini kőrisfákon, a Gossyparia spuria szilfákon, és az Acanthococcus aceris juharfákon fordult elő káros mértékben. Karantén vizsgálataink során hazánkban nem került elő Eriococcidae faj. | The Eriococcidae scale insect family collection material of 50 country was analysed. In Hungary surveys were made in 526 localities (1140 samples), 180 contains eriococcids. 130 species new for collection. Nine new genera and 27 new species were described. Our Palaearctic monograph instead of 175 species in 18 genera will contain 195 species in 27 genera. New species appeared in the next countries: Austria, Canary Isl., Cyprus, Spain, Turkey, Australia, New Guinea, Sulawesi, Philippine Isl., Brazil, Chile, Paraguay, Venezuela. Several new morphological character was found, too. As a molecular standard the samples collected by me in Hungary of Acanthococcus aceris is used all over the world. As a new hypotheses the New Zealand-Pacific-Oriental-Palaearctic rout of dispersal is proposed as a possibility for species formation. In host plant specialisation the polyphagy hypotheses was not supported, and instead the Jermy?s sequential evolution is acceptable. On the base of the cladistic analyses was established, that the used genera in the Palaearctic Region well separated, and smaller groups are seen too. The book on distribution of scale insects in Hungary included 25 species in 7 genera of Eriococcidae. In the species surveys in Hungary we found that Cryptococcus fagisuga on Fagus, Pseudochermes fraxini on Fraxinus, Gossyparia spuria on Ulmus, and Acanthococcus aceris on Acer were present as pest. In quarantine surveys we did not find Eriococcidae

NEW AND LITTLE KNOWN SCALE INSECT SPECIES (HEMIPTERA: COCCOIDEA) IN TURKEY

Scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) are notorious pests, especially of perennial plants. They are serious pests of fruit and nut trees, ornamental shade trees and shrubs, forest trees, greenhouse and indoor plantings. In the present study, new data are given for 13 species of scale insects from Turkey as follows: Coccidae (1 sp.), Cerococcidae (1 sp.), Diaspididae 2 spp.), Pseudococcidae (8 spp.) and Rhizoecidae (1 sp.). Chorizococcus malabadiensis Kaydan sp. n. is described and illustrated as a new species and 8 species are recorded for the first time from Turkey

A new species of Greenisca and two new species of Ovaticoccus from Italy (Hemiptera Coccoidea Eriococcidae), with a key to European genera of Eriococcidae.

Three new eriococcid species from Italy are described and illustrated, namely Greenisca oreophila sp. n. off Poaceae, and Ovaticoccus exoticus sp. n. and O. agavacearum sp. n., off Agavaceae. Their morphological relationships are discussed and keys to Greenisca and Ovaticoccus species are provided, together with a key to the Eriococcidae genera so far known in Europe. A check-list of Italian Eriococcids is added

Pajzstetű fajok morfológiai és molekuláris összehasonlító vizsgálata

A pajzstetvek széles körben elterjedt növényi kártevôk. A fajok meghatározása ivarérett nôsténybôl készült mikroszkópi preparátum alapján történik. Molekuláris módszerekkel a fajszintû azonosítás nemcsak nôstény egyedek, hanem tojások, lárvák vagy hím egyedek esetében is lehetséges. Munkánk során morfológiai és molekuláris összehasonlító vizsgálatokat végeztünk az eperfapajzstetû Pseudaulacaspis pentagona (Targioni-Tozetti, 1886) (Diaspididae) és két Planococcus (Pseudococcidae) fajon. Célunk, hogy a P. pentagona faj esetében mikropopulációs különbségeket, a Planococcus nemzetség esetében pedig a fajok közti genetikai eltéréseket tegyük láthatóvá molekuláris markerek segítségével. Molekuláris módszerekkel meghatároztuk a riboszomális DNS ITS2 szakasz bázissorrendjét. A kapott eredmények alapján feltételezhető, hogy a mikropopulációkat nagyobb mértékben befolyásolják a területi elkülönülések, mint a tápnövény. Az ITS2 régió alkalmas a két Planococcus faj elkülönítésére, melyek a szekvenciák alapján rajzolt törzsfán egyértelmûen elkülönülnek egymástól. A molekuláris és morfológiai vizsgálatok mindkét faj esetében ugyanarra az eredményre vezettek. A molekuláris módszer alkalmas mind hím, mind nôstény imágók esetében a fajok elkülönítéséhez

Records of Ceroplastes Gray 1828 in Europe, with an identification key to species in the Palaearctic Region

Abstract The genus Ceroplastes (Hemiptera Coccoidea Coccidae) in Europe is reviewed. Surveys of Hungarian nurseries, greenhouses and flower shops found plants infested with Ceroplastes scale insects. Among them, Ceroplastes rubens Maskell 1893 was identified. Since there is constant invasion of European markets by species of Ceroplastes, a key is presented to separate the species currently known to occur in the Palaearctic Region

Eriococcus maximus Foldi & Kozar 2007, sp. nov.

Eriococcus maximus Foldi & Kozár sp. nov. Type material. Holotype, adult female: Venezuela, Merida, near of Lagunillas, on Psidium guajava (Myrtaceae), 28-X-1984, I. Foldi coll., (N° 9909-3) in MNHN. Paratypes. Venezuela: same data as holotype, 15 adult females: 14 (N° 9902–1, 2; 9908–3, 4; 9909-3, 4, 6; 9910–1-3, 9954–1-3; 9965–1-3, 9993–1-4) in MNHN, and one (N° 9909-6) in PPI. Brazil Rio Grande do Sul, Itaimbézinho, Parc National de Asparados, on Psidium guajava (Myrtaceae), 16-XI-1985, Foldi coll., 5 paratypes (1 adult female per slide): (N° 10388–1, 3, 4, 5, 6) in MNHN. Paraguay: Asuncion, on Psidium sp. (Myrtaceae), March 1972, F. D. Bennett coll., C.I.E. A 5500, 50, 7 paratype adult females: 6 in BMNH, and one in PPI. ADULT FEMALE (Fig. 3) described from 16 specimens Mounted female. Body elongate oval, 2.3– 30 mm long, 2.0–2.1 mm wide. Antenna 7 segmented, 305– 347 µm long; segment lengths (µm), I 47–55, II 44 50, III 66–72, IV 60–65, V 30, VI 30 and VII 45; antennal segments with few hair-like setae, longest 35 µm long; segment III without setae; a sensory pore as usual on segment II; apical segment with setae about 53 µm long, plus 3 sensory falcate setae, longest 39 µm; 2 preapical segments each with a falcate sensory seta 20–27 µm long. Frontal lobes well developed. Eyes near margin on venter. Venter. Labium 3-segmented, 141–149 µm long. Legs long; prothoracic legs (lengths in µm): coxa 125– 135 trochanter + femur 290–325, tibia 140–152, tarsus 110–125. Mesothoracic legs (lengths in µm): coxa 120–127, trochanter + femur 300–330, tibia 155–164, tarsus 130–136. Metathoracic legs (lengths in µm): coxa 135–145, trochanter + femur 310–336, tibia 180–187, tarsus 140–144; tarsal digitules knobbed, each 61– 68 µm, claw 39–44 µm, claw digitules each 50–54 µm long, broadly knobbed. Coxae with lines of microspines; metathoracic coxae each with about 40–45 medium-sized translucent pores; femur with about 5– 8 translucent pores dorsally at distal end; trochanter with two pores on each side. Claw with a denticle. Legs with few hair-like setae, trochanter with a short seta 32–34 µm long, and a longer seta about 110–130 µm long; tarsus with one sensory pore. Disc pores, each 3 or 5 locular and 5 µm in diameter, distributed in broad bands on abdomen and more scattered on other segments. Peritremes of anterior spiracles 48 µm wide. Hair-like setae mostly 20–70 µm long and scattered mainly on submarginal areas, longest setae about 80–90 µm long, sparse, predominately on median and submedian areas; with 2–4 long setae on head, each about 130 µm long. Microtubular duct absent. Macrotubular ducts of two sizes; both sparsely distributed on all segments; smaller ducts about 25 µm long and 3–4 µm wide and larger ducts 30–40 µm long and 5–6 µm wide. Cruciform pores, each 4 µm wide, along margin as far as abdominal segment VII posteriorly, and on submargin where about 15–22 cruciform pores connecting pro- and mesothoracic spiracles. Anal lobes each with 3 hair-like setae. Margin. Spinose setae along margin of venter similar to those dorsally but smaller and straight, each 15- 25 µm long. Dorsum. Dorsal spinose setae, strong, broad, predominantly straight, sometimes slightly curved, length variable, each 49–80 µm marginally and anteriorly but those on mid-dorsum of abdominal segments III–VII shorter, each about 35–40 µm long; in a band along margin and submargin and in broad bands 2–3 setae wide across all segments. Macrotubular ducts each about 5–6 µm wide and 25–40 µm long; in longitudinal bands on margin and submargin and in transverse rows 2–3 ducts wide on dorsal surface. Microtubular ducts each about 5 µm long, without a bifurcated opening, scattered among dorsal setae. Disc pores absent. Anal ring with pores and 8 hair-like setae, 145–160 µm long. Anal lobes membranous, about as long as wide, each with two spinose setae along inner margin, and one seta on outer margin, similar in size to those on dorsum; apical setae on each anal lobe 230–247 µm long. Suranal setae hair-like. Median sclerotised plate absent. Etymology. The name is from the Latin maximus and refers to the large size of this species. Distribution and Host plants. Brazil, Rio Grande do Sul; Paraguay, Asuncion; Venezuela, Merida, all on Psidium guajava or Psidium sp. (Myrtaceae). Comment. E. maximus is similar to E. perplexus Hempel, 1900, sharing with it a similar arrangement of dorsal spinose setae, the presence of frontal lobes and the large body size. However, E. perplexus has much smaller spines on the mid-dorsum of the posterior abdominal segments (each about 5 times shorter than the larger marginal spinose setae), whereas those in this position on A. maximus are only 2 times shorter than those on the margin. In addition, the coxal pores on E. maximus are larger and more abundant (about 40–45) than on E. perplexus, which has smaller and fewer pores (about 20). E maximus also differs from E perplexus in having a band of about 15–22 cruciform pores on each side between the anterior and posterior spiracles, whereas these are absent on E. perplexus. E. maximus differs from E. longisetosus in having short ventral hair-like setae; from E. paranaensis in the abscence of groups of microtubular ducts on dorsum; from E. christopherus in the random distribution of spine-like setae on dorsum, and from E. venezuelaensis in the presence of frontal lobes and twice as many cruciform pores.Published as part of Foldi, Imre & Kozár, Ferenc, 2007, New species and new records of Eriococcus (Hemiptera, Coccoidea, Eriococcidae) from South America, pp. 51-64 in Zootaxa 1573 (1) on pages 56-58, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.1573.1.3, http://zenodo.org/record/509671

Torosaspis

Key to adult female <i>Torosaspis</i> species <p>1. Antenna with 2 large setae; L2 bilobed..................................................................... 2</p> <p> - Antenna with at least 3 large setae; L2 unilobular....................... <i>Torosaspis turcica</i> Ülgentürk and Kozár <b>sp. nov.</b></p> <p> 2. Median lobes subtriangular and slightly acute; perivulvar pores in five groups; median macroducts numerous dorsally in trans- verse rows on dorsum I–IV................................ <i>Torosaspis cedricola</i> (Balachowsky & Alkan) <b>comb.nov.</b></p> <p> - Median lobes rounded; perivulvar disc pores absent; median macroducts few on III–VI..................................................................................... <i>Torosaspis farsianus</i> (Balachowsky & Kaussari) <b>comb.nov.</b></p>Published as part of <i>Ülgentürk, Selma & Kozár, Ferenc, 2011, A new scale insect genus, Torosaspis (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha: Coccoidea: Diaspididae), with a new species, Torosaspis turcica, from Turkey, pp. 63-68 in Zootaxa 2907</i> on page 67, DOI: <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/202353">10.5281/zenodo.202353</a&gt

Torosaspis turcica Ulgenturk and Kozar, sp. nov.

Torosaspis turcica Ülgentürk and Kozár sp. nov. Type data. Holotype female: Turkey, Burdur, Garden of Anadolu Sanat Lisesi, N: 37 ° 46 ' 05.50",E: 30 ° 33 '17.31'', 1047 m altitude, on the needles of Pinus brutia, S. Ülgentürk, 20.viii. 2009, coll. No: 2928. Paratypes: 2 females, and 1 prepupa on the same slide including holotype. Also 3 slides with 19 females, 1 2 nd -instar female nymph and 8 1 st -instar nymphs labelled: Burdur, Garden of Anadolu Sanat Lisesi, N: 37 ° 46 ' 05.50",E: 30 ° 33 '17.31'', 1047 m altitude, on needles of Pinus brutia, S. Ülgentürk, 22.x. 2010, coll. No: 3012. Adult female: Live appearance: Scale of adult female flat, broadest posteriorly, elongate, oyster-shell shaped, light brown in colour, with two larval exuviae pale yellow and transparent. Scale 3 (2.4–3.7) mm long 0.7 (0.56–0.83) mm wide (Fig. 1 a). Living female cream in colour, with pygidium darker (Fig. 1 b). Male test yellowish-brown, parallel-sided, narrower and shorter than female scale (Fig. 1 c). Mounted female: Body elongate oval (Fig. 2), 598 (428–742) µm long and 203 (204–250) µm wide. Body widest across segment I. Body membranous, except for sclerotised pygidium. Venter: Each antenna with 3 large setae and 2 short conic setae. Anterior spiracles each with one associated trilocular disc pore; posterior spiracles without disc pores. Pygidium rounded, slightly sclerotized, with 2 pairs of lobes. Median lobes with space between them as wide as one of them (length of L 1 lobes 29 (23–29) µm wide, space between lobes 33 (21–35) µm wide); (L 1) prominent, rounded, outer margin slightly notched. Second lobes (L 2) unilobular, similar in shape to median lobes but smaller and not notched; L 3 barely perceptible, triangular and finely pointed. Gland spines twice the length of median lobes, each long and slender with a broad base; present as follows: with 2 between median lobes, 2 between L 1 and L 2, and 3 laterad to L 2. Ventral macroducts smaller than dorsal macroducts, present in a submarginal group on segments I and II. Posterior spiracles each with 3 or 4 glandular tubercles and 7 or 8 macroducts in a transverse band extending to margin. Similar macroducts present on submargin of prothorax and mesothorax. Microducts few, present on head and thorax, and with smaller ducts on abdomen. Perivulvar disc pores in 5 groups as follows: 0–3 in median, 5–8 in anterolateral, and 4–8 in posterolateral group. Dorsum. With 1 marginal macroduct on pygidium on each of segments IV–VII (formula 1,1,1,1). Submarginal macroducts: 2 on segments IV and V each, and 5 or 6 on segments I–III each. Submedian macroducts: 1 on each of segments I–VI. Macroducts also present around submargin of metathorax and with smaller ducts on head, mesothorax and prothorax. Anal opening near anterior margin of pygidium on segment of V. Comment. This species is characterized in having the following combination of morphological characters: (a) 3 large setae and 2 short conic setae on each antenna, (b) a band of glandular tubercles near each posterior spiracle, (c) unilobular L 2 lobes, (d) single marginal macroducts on each of segments IV–VII, and (e) presence of 1 pair of gland spines between the median lobes, 2 between L 1 and L 2, and 3 laterad to L 2. T. turcica resembles T. cedricola comb. nov. in having most of the above characters, but the latter differs in having: (a) only 2 setae on each antenna, (b) bilobed L 2 lobes, (c) only 1 gland spine between L 1 and L 2, and (d) more median and submedian macroducts dorsally on abdominal segments I–III. T. turcica is also similar to T. farsianus comb. nov., both having: (a) 1 marginal macroduct on each of segments IV–VII, and (b) gland tubercles near each anterior spiracle, but the latter species differs in having: (a) L 2 bilobed, (b) no perivulvar disc pores, (c) 1 gland spine between L 1 and L 2, and laterad to L 2, and (d) absence of macroducts submarginally on thorax and head. Etymology. The genus name is formed from Toros (in honour of Prof. Dr. Seval Toros, Ankara, Turkey, a famous lady Turkish aphidologist and entomologist) and aspis, Greek, meaning shield, often used to name members of the Diaspididae.Published as part of Ülgentürk, Selma & Kozár, Ferenc, 2011, A new scale insect genus, Torosaspis (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha: Coccoidea: Diaspididae), with a new species, Torosaspis turcica, from Turkey, pp. 63-68 in Zootaxa 2907 on pages 64-67, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.20235

Eriococcus Targioni Tozzetti 1868

Key to species of Eriococcus discussed here from South America 1. Cruciform pores absent; dorsal setae extremely sparse, almost absent from abdominal segments V–VIII.. ............................................................................................................................................... E.rhadinothrix - Cruciform pores present; dorsal setae reasonably abundant, with some spinose setae present on at least abdominal segments V and VI......................................................................................................................2 2. Venter with abundant long hair-like setae, each up to 130 µm long ........................ E. longisetosus sp. nov. - Venter with shorter scattered hair-like setae, each up to 90 µm long..........................................................3 3. Dorsal spinose setae forming a distinct longitudinal median band...................... E. christopherus sp. nov. - Dorsal spinose setae not forming a distinct longitudinal median band.......................................................4 4. Dorsal spinose setae frequent, with more than 20 on each posterior 2 abdominal segment; with a band of about 20 cruciform pores present on each side between anterior and posterior spiracles.............................. ....................................................................................................................................... E. maximus sp. nov. - Dorsal spinose setae less frequent, with less than 15 on each posterior 2 abdominal segment; cruciform pore band absent on each side between anterior and posterior spiracles.....................................................5 5. Some microtubular ducts forming groups submedially on dorsum, each group surrounded by macrotubular ducts; anal lobes sclerotised ................................................................................ E. paranaensis sp. nov. - Micro- and macrotubular ducts randomly distributed on dorsum; anal lobes membranous or only lightly sclerotised.....................................................................................................................................................6 6. Posterior coxae with few (10–12) large coxal pores; disc pores each with a narrow sclerotised border; anal lobes membranous .............................................................................................E.. venezuelaensis sp. nov. - Posterior coxae with many (20–38) small coxal pores; disc pores each with a broad sclerotised border; anal lobes generally lightly sclerotised .......................................................................................... E.dubiusPublished as part of Foldi, Imre & Kozár, Ferenc, 2007, New species and new records of Eriococcus (Hemiptera, Coccoidea, Eriococcidae) from South America, pp. 51-64 in Zootaxa 1573 (1) on page 62, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.1573.1.3, http://zenodo.org/record/509671