Electrical properties and local domain structure of LiNbO3 thin film grown by ion beam sputtering method

The nanocrystalline ferroelectric LiNbO3 films on (001) Si substrates with the random orientation of polycrystalline grains and the predominance of the grains with lateral orientation of the polar axis were grown using the ion beam sputtering method. The remanent polarization and the coercive field are 12 μC/cm2 and 29 kV/cm, respectively. The thermal annealing leads to the coarsening of the grains. The appearance of the "local texture," which gives rise to the unipolarity of the heterostructures caused by the predominance of the one direction in the vertical component of the spontaneous polarization, is investigated. © The Chinese Society for Metals and Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

Mobile lidars. Influence of external mechanical actions on accuracy of lidar aiming

The questions of designing mechanical system load-bearing elements «lidar radiator-lidar basis-automobile» in order to reduce external mechanical effects on lidar aiming accuracy have been considere

On the state and outlooks of cooperation of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine with IIASA

The paper is dedicated to the analysis of the history and perspectives of one of the priorities of international cooperation of the NASU with the International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA). A brief history of the establishment and early development of IIASA is described. Key research directions of the initial period of IIASA and input of scientists of Ukrainian institutes are mentioned. Research methodology, approaches and models developed at IIASA in cooperation with Ukrainian scientists are described. In particular, the role of Academician Glushkov and Academician Mikhalevich is well marked. Specific attention is focused on the period since 1994 leading to the independent National Member Organization of Ukraine. The role played by Academician Paton and Academician Shpak in this process is described. The existing IIASA network of research institutes and universities is also described. Important scientific and applied joint projects are listed. Existing perspectives in both scientific and policy making fields are discussed

Effects of α-amylase, endo-xylanase and exoprotease combination on dough properties and bread quality

Received: January 31st, 2021 ; Accepted: May 2nd, 2021 ; Published: May 6th, 2021 ; Correspondence: [email protected] enzymes composition is an actual alternative to chemicals to improve functional properties of flours and to generate changes in the structure of the dough and bread quality. The objective of this study was to analyze the individual and synergistic effects of enzymes preparation (α-amylase, endo-xylanase and exoprotease), newly produced in Russia, on dough properties and bread quality made from wheat flour with different amylolytic activity. Reofermentometric results revealed decreases in gas-forming capacity of dough by 10.0–13.9% when single α-amylase preparates were used. The α-amylase addition had significant effect on gas retention coefficient in flour possessed low amylolytic activity. The effect of endo-xylanase and exoprotease on hydration and amount of wheat gluten was established. The fractional composition of gluten proteins in the dough made with combination of endo-xylanase and exoprotease was established using Lowry method immediately after kneading and after fermentation. It was found that mainly water-soluble, alcohol-soluble and alkaline-soluble proteins were undergone by transformation. The bread with enzymes had a higher specific volume, porosity and aldehyde content and lower shape stability indicator than the control bread made without enzymes. Bread with enzymes was characterized by tenderer and not crumbly crumb with developed thin-walled uniform porosity compared to the control. The crusts were more brightly colored. The combined usage of α-amylase and endo-xylanase and exoprotease retarded bread staling during 5-day storage period. New enzyme composition may be a potentially strong candidate for future applications in the bread-making industry

Innovative technologies in the treatment of short bowel syndrome

Introdiction. In recent years, many new technologies for the management of patients with short bowel syndrom (SBS), including SBS-IF (short bowel syndrom with intestinal failor), have appeared. The implemented surgical techniques are aimed at slowing down the progress of intestinal contents (antiperistaltic inserts, the creation of artificial valves in the small intestine, loops or pockets from the small intestine, etc.); surgical elongation of the small intestine (the most common STEP, Bianchy technique); intestinal transplantation. At the same time, when the intestine is shortened to 1.5–2,0 m, the adaptive rearrangements are still able to provide (albeit suppressed), but partially preserved absorption processes (in 80% of cases, the surface of the intestine is sufficient for slow transport of nutrients from the intestine to the blood). Therefore, it is important to increase the efficiency of adaptive rearrangements in any conservative way shown.Аim. Тo evaluate the role of hormonal stimulation of adaptive rearrangements in the residual bowel stump.Materials and methods. Рarameters of the well-known alimentary-volemic diagnosis, assessment of adaptive changes in the gastrointestinal tract (performed by determining citruline and GLP-2, as well as by morphological method). To stimulate the regulation of adaptive processes, a hormone preparation GLP-2 (teduglutide) was used in the nutritional support program.Results. It was shown that the length of the intestinal stump up to 1.5–2.0 m allows for digestive and transport processes due to adaptive rearrangements of the intestinal epithelium. With a super-short intestine, it is advisable to choose surgical methods of correction.Conclusion. For conservative correction of adaptive processes in the intestine, it is advisable to use a GLP-2 hormone preparation, in particular, teduglutide

Study of ball transfer unit structural strength and performability at static and dynamic loading

Представлені результати експериментальних досліджень конструкційної міцності та роботоспроможності опор кулькових вільного переміщення виробництва ТОВ "Вікторія" (Україна) в залежності від твердості матеріалу корпуса та кількості кульок у ложі опори. Описані методика експериментів та спеціальне обладнання, спроектоване та виготовлене для їх проведення. Встановлені оптимальні режими термічної обробки корпусу опори та її реальні запаси міцності при нормативних рівнях статичних і динамічних навантажень. Проведена також оцінка роботоспроможності опори, яка визначалась, виходячи з можливості повного провертання центральної кулі в ложі з менших кульок при різних рівнях навантаження.Purpose. Justification of optimum heat treatment of ball transfer unit body was developed and patented by "Victoria Ltd." (Ukraine). These modes of heat treatment had to assure the maximum carrying capacity of ball transfer unit and its ability to withstand the load impact with given impact energy. Also the state of unit operability was investigated subject to applied static loading. Design/methodology/approach. The special experimental equipment was designed and manufactured for research. It allowed to simulate the real working conditions of ball transfer unit during the experiments. Entire test cycle was divided into three phases. Initially the units were subjected to impact loading with falling weight under increasing impact energy up to destruction of a body. The influence of steel body hardness on unit dynamic strength was estimated. Then samples of ball transfer units were loaded with static forces applied to central ball. Maximum failure load was determined and real safety factors were calculated subject to body hardness. Also unit operability at maximum load was investigated. It was estimated by possibility of full twisting central ball in the unit body. Findings.Optimum regimes of hardening of the body and the actual ultimate load safety factor at the normal loading of the unit were defined. Originality.New results on structural strength of ball transfer unit with steel punching body were obtained.Представлены результаты экспериментальных исследований конструкционной прочности и работоспособности опор шариковых свободного перемещения производства ООО "Виктория" (Украина) в зависимости от твердости материала корпуса и количества шариков в ложе опоры. Описана методика экспериментов и специальное оборудование, спроектированное и изготовленное для их проведения. Установлены оптимальные режимы термообработки корпуса опоры и ее реальные запасы прочности при нормативных уровнях статических и динамических нагрузок. Проведена также оценка работоспособности опоры, определявшаяся исходя из возможности полного проворачивания центрального шара в ложе малых шариков при различных уровнях нагрузки