Evaluation of Blast Furnace Slag Procured from Adhunik Metallics Limited With Respect to Its Flow Characteristics

The one of the crucial property which affects the blast furnace operation is viscosity, which is directly affected by the composition of the slag, viscosity of the slag should be low for the operation purpose at the operating temperature for making an easily free flowing slag. Such a slag boosts reaction rate of slag metal and influence the efficiency of the blast furnace operation. The present project aims at measuring the viscosity of blast furnace slag procured from Adhunik Metallics Limited, Industrial slag which is different from synthetic slag by various means. Both theoretical models and experimental apparatus will be used to predict the viscosity of blast furnace slag at different temperature. The activation energy of different slag will also be estimated from viscosity Vs temperature plots. The effects of chemical composition mainly C/S ratio, MgO content & Al2O3 content will be analyzed in the present study and their effect on the production and energy consumption. In this way an attempt is made to comment on the structure of the slag based on estimated values of Activation Energy of viscous flow and proper conditions and burden material used in the blast furnace to improve the production rate and quality of the product

Automorphic word maps and Amit--Ashurst conjecture

In this article, we address Amit--Ashurst conjecture on lower bounds of a probability distribution associated to a word on a finite nilpotent group. We obtain an extension of a result of Camina, Iniguez, and Thillaisundaram by providing improved bounds for the case of finite nilpotent groups of class $2$ for words in an arbitrary number of variables, and also settle the conjecture in some cases. We achieve this by obtaining words that are identically distributed on a group to a given word. In doing so, we also obtain an improvement of a result of Iniguez and Sangroniz using elementary techniques.Comment: 10 page

Infantile Pompe Disease and Enzyme Replacement Therapy

Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/141565/1/jpc13733.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/141565/2/jpc13733_am.pd

Blockchain in Oil and Gas Supply Chain: A Literature Review from User Security and Privacy Perspective

Blockchain's influence extends beyond finance, impacting diverse sectors such as real estate, oil and gas, and education. This extensive reach stems from blockchain's intrinsic ability to reliably manage digital transactions and supply chains. Within the oil and gas sector, the merger of blockchain with supply chain management and data handling is a notable trend. The supply chain encompasses several operations: extraction, transportation, trading, and distribution of resources. Unfortunately, the current supply chain structure misses critical features such as transparency, traceability, flexible trading, and secure data storage - all of which blockchain can provide. Nevertheless, it is essential to investigate blockchain's security and privacy in the oil and gas industry. Such scrutiny enables the smooth, secure, and usable execution of transactions. For this purpose, we reviewed 124 peer-reviewed academic publications, conducting an in-depth analysis of 21 among them. We classified the articles by their relevance to various phases of the supply chain flow: upstream, midstream, downstream, and data management. Despite blockchain's potential to address existing security and privacy voids in the supply chain, there is a significant lack of practical implementation of blockchain integration in oil and gas operations. This deficiency substantially challenges the transition from conventional methods to a blockchain-centric approach

Alternating groups as products of cycle classes - II

Given integers $k,l\geq 2$, where either $l$ is odd or $k$ is even, let $n(k,l)$ denote the largest integer $n$ such that each element of $A_n$ is a product of $k$ many $l$-cycles. In 2008, M. Herzog, G. Kaplan and A. Lev conjectured that $\lfloor \frac{2kl}{3} \rfloor \leq n(k,l)\leq \lfloor \frac{2kl}{3}\rfloor+1$. It is known that the conjecture holds when $k=2,3,4$. Moreover, it is also true when $3\mid l$. In this article, we determine the exact value of $n(k,l)$ when $3\nmid l$ and $k\geq 5$. As an immediate consequence, we get that $n(k,l)<\lfloor \frac{2kl}{3}\rfloor$ when $k\geq 5$, which shows that the above conjecture is not true in general. In fact, the difference between the exact value of $n(k,l)$ and the conjectured value grows linearly in terms of $k$. Our results also generalize the case of $k=2,3,4$.Comment: 27 page

Measured Behavior of a Deep Excavation in Weathered Rock

An instrumented deep excavation in weathered rock adjacent to a deflection-sensitive historical building is described. Two permanent shoring systems were used, presenting an opportunity to measure and compare their behaviors. Adjacent to the historic structure, a tied-back drilled pier wall was used, while the remainder of the excavation was supported by a tied-back shotcrete wall constructed in top-down fashion. Instrumentation included inclinometers, tiltmeters, and tieback load cells, supplemented by optical surveys. Both support systems performed well, with movements within acceptable ranges. The maximum horizontal deflection of the drilled piers was 0.33 inch (8 mm), one-third to one-fifth that of the shotcrete. Settlements behind the drilled piers were significantly less than behind the shotcrete. Isolated minor cracking and widening of existing cracks occurred in the existing building. Tieback load cell data indicate that the source of movements can extend beyond the theoretical failure wedge

Evaluation of thermal comfort and building form attributes in different semi-outdoor environments in a high-density tropical setting

In highly dense tropical cities, a semi-outdoor space (SOS) is frequently used as a social space within tall building forms where people can interact and connect. Thermal comfort in SOSs within tall buildings, however, may vary depending on the type and form attributes that define it. This study classifies 63 SOSs in four tall buildings of Singapore into five types based on literature review: perimeter buffers, sky terraces, horizontal breezeways, breezeway atria and vertical breezeways. Findings suggest that the five SOS types perform differently in terms of thermal comfort (based on PMV*), environmental parameters (air temperature, mean radiant temperature, relative humidity, and air velocity), and building form attributes (height-to-depth ratio, open space ratio, and green plot ratio). Of these five, vertical breezeways and horizontal breezeways are the most thermally comfortable for all activities during a typically warm hour. It is postulated that higher thermal comfort levels in these SOS types are linked to form attributes that enhance air velocity. This study examines the pros and cons of each SOS type in terms of thermal comfort in their role as communal spaces in tall buildings situated within a highly dense tropical city