Complex Investigations of Double Layer of Colloid Particles. Electric Conductivity of Suspensions and Anisotropy of Electrophoresis

Conditions for obtaining quantitative .ililformation on the double layer of colloid particles on the basis of electrosurface measurements have been analyzed. A rigorous theory of electric conductivdty of diluted suspensions on the basis of induced dilpole moments of particles has been presented. The .isoconductance point of a suspension has been shown to codncide wd.th the isopolarisation state of a particle. A theory of anisotropy of the electrophoresis of long rod-like particles has been put forward. The identity of the formules of electrophoresis of a sphere and of cylindrical particles oriented pevpendicular towards the field at a small thickness of the double layer has been shown. A good agreement has been found between the values of induced dipole moments and, specific surface conductivity in a wide electrolite concentration range measured by the methods of electric conductivity of suspensions and anisotropy of electrophoresis. The theories of induced dipole moment, electric conductivity of suspension and anisotropy of electrophoresis have been experimentally examined

Relative abundances of bacterial phyla in BF-IAP, BF-C, MF-IAP and MF-C faecal samples.

<p>Relative abundances of bacterial phyla in BF-IAP, BF-C, MF-IAP and MF-C faecal samples.</p

Estimates of alpha diversity for BF-IAP, BF-C, MF-IAP and MF-C samples at day 7.

<p>One outlier has been identified in BF-IAP group regarding the evaluation of Simpson and Shannon indices, indicated with a circle.</p

Relative abundances of bacterial genera in BF-IAP, BF-C, MF-IAP and MF-C faecal samples.

<p>Other category contains genera present at <1% of relative abundance.</p

Characteristics of infants in the four groups of this study.

<p>Characteristics of infants in the four groups of this study.</p

Box plots showing qPCR analysis of selected microbial groups expressed in log CFU per gram of faecal sample.

<p>Boxes show the median, 25th and 75th percentiles. Corrected p-values of < 0.05 and 0.01 are denoted by * and **, respectively.</p

A) Relative abundances of bifidobacteria detected using rpoB amplicons for 454 pyrosequencing in the antibiotic treated triplet set B.

<p>MZ = monozygotic; DZ = dizygotic triplet; an asterisks (*) next to a circle denotes the antibiotic treated infant. B) Relative abundances of bifidobacteria detected using rpoB amplicons for 454 pyrosequencing in the antibiotic treated triplet set C. MZ = monozygotic; DZ = dizygotic triplet; an asterisks (*) next to a circle denotes the antibiotic treated infant.</p

Frequency of pulsotypes representing 80 <i>B</i>. <i>breve</i> faecal isolates from dichorionic triplet set.

<p>Values represent the number of isolates matching a particular pulsotype.</p><p>Frequency of pulsotypes representing 80 <i>B</i>. <i>breve</i> faecal isolates from dichorionic triplet set.</p

Levels of <i>Bifidobacterium</i> spp. triplet set A faecal samples.

<p><i>Bifidobacterium</i> spp. were enumerated, log cfu/gram faeces, from faecal samples collected from infants in triplet set A at month 1, 2, 3 and 12. MZ = monozygotic infant, DZ = dizygotic infant.</p

(A) Relative abundances of phylum level distributions of the fecal microbiota in triplet set A.

<p>(B)Relative abundances of genus level distributions of the fecal microbiota in triplet set A. The average relative abundance of phyla and genera in each infant was measured by the fraction of total 16S rRNA gene sequences. Each color represents a phylum/genus. Only major taxonomic groups are shown. MZ represents a monozygotic infant and DZ the dizygotic infant.</p