356 research outputs found
Fuzzy second order sliding mode control of a unified power flow controller
Purpose. This paper presents an advanced control scheme based on fuzzy logic and second order sliding mode of a unified power flow controller. This controller offers advantages in terms of static and dynamic operation of the power system such as the control law is synthesized using three types of controllers: proportional integral, and sliding mode controller and Fuzzy logic second order sliding mode controller. Their respective performances are compared in terms of reference tracking, sensitivity to perturbations and robustness. We have to study the problem of controlling power in electric system by UPFC. The simulation results show the effectiveness of the proposed method especiallyin chattering-free behavior, response to sudden load variations and robustness. All the simulations for the above work have been carried out using MATLAB / Simulink. Various simulations have given very satisfactory results and we have successfully improved the real and reactive power flows on a transmission lineas well as to regulate voltage at the bus where it is connected, the studies and illustrate the effectiveness and capability of UPFC in improving power.Π Π½Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Π° ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½Π°Ρ ΡΡ
Π΅ΠΌΠ° ΡΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ, ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½Π°Ρ Π½Π° Π½Π΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΊΠ΅ ΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΠ΅ ΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π²ΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΄ΠΊΠ° ΡΠ½ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ»Π»Π΅ΡΠ° ΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠΊΠ° ΠΌΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ. ΠΠ°Π½Π½ΡΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ»Π»Π΅Ρ ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°Π΄Π°Π΅Ρ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΈΠΌΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π°ΠΌΠΈ Ρ ΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ Π·ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΈ Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡ ΡΠ½Π΅ΡΠ³ΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ, Π½Π°ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ, Π·Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ½ ΡΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π·ΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Ρ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΡΠ΅Ρ
ΡΠΈΠΏΠΎΠ² ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ»Π»Π΅ΡΠΎΠ²: ΠΏΡΠΎΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ-ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π³ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ»Π»Π΅ΡΠ° ΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΠ° ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ»Π»Π΅ΡΠ° ΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΠ° Π½Π΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΊΠΈ Π²ΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΄ΠΊΠ°. ΠΡ
ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡΠΈΠ΅ Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡΡΡ Ρ ΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ Π·ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΎΡΡΠ»Π΅ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ², ΡΡΠ²ΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΊ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΠΌ ΠΈ Π½Π°Π΄Π΅ΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ. ΠΠ΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎ ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠΈΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡ ΡΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡΡ Π² ΡΠ½Π΅ΡΠ³ΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅ Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠ½ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ»Π»Π΅ΡΠ° ΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠΊΠ° ΠΌΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ (UPFC). Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·ΡΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Π°, ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ Π² ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΎΡΡΡΡΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡ Π²ΠΈΠ±ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ, ΡΠ΅Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ Π½Π° Π²Π½Π΅Π·Π°ΠΏΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π½Π°Π³ΡΡΠ·ΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΡΡΠΎΠΉΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΡΠΈ. ΠΡΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΡ Π΄Π»Ρ Π²ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΈ Π²ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½Ρ Ρ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ MATLAB/Simulink. Π Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π΄Π°Π»ΠΈ Π²Π΅ΡΡΠΌΠ° ΡΠ΄ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅ΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ, ΠΈ ΠΌΡ ΡΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΡΠ»ΡΡΡΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠΊΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π½Π° Π»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΄Π°ΡΠΈ, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Π³ΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π°ΠΏΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π½Π° ΡΠΈΠ½Π΅, ΠΊ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠ½Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π°, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠΈΡΡ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ»Π»ΡΡΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΈ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ UPFC Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ
A Grounded Theory Approach: Conceptions of Understanding in Engineering Mathematics Learning
Mathematics is of utmost importance in engineering courses but studies on engineering students\u27 conceptions of understanding in mathematics learning are found lacking in the literature. Therefore, this research attempts to address the above issue by answering the research question: What are engineering students\u27 conceptions of understanding in mathematics learning? It employs the grounded theory methodology (Strauss & Corbin, 1990, 1998) and data are collected from in depth interviews with a total of 21 students and six lecturers. The substantive theory of engineering mathematics understanding (comprising of conceptual, functional, procedural, disciplinary and associational understanding) emerges in this study. The emergence of functional, disciplinary and associational understanding is unique in the context of engineering mathematics learning and has implications on successful engineering problem solving
Power Quality Improvement and Low Voltage Ride through Capability in Hybrid Wind-PV Farms Grid-Connected Using Dynamic Voltage Restorer
Β© 2018 IEEE. Translations and content mining are permitted for academic research only. Personal use is also permitted, but republication/redistribution requires IEEE permission.This paper proposes the application of a dynamic voltage restorer (DVR) to enhance the power quality and improve the low voltage ride through (LVRT) capability of a three-phase medium-voltage network connected to a hybrid distribution generation system. In this system, the photovoltaic (PV) plant and the wind turbine generator (WTG) are connected to the same point of common coupling (PCC) with a sensitive load. The WTG consists of a DFIG generator connected to the network via a step-up transformer. The PV system is connected to the PCC via a two-stage energy conversion (dc-dc converter and dc-ac inverter). This topology allows, first, the extraction of maximum power based on the incremental inductance technique. Second, it allows the connection of the PV system to the public grid through a step-up transformer. In addition, the DVR based on fuzzy logic controller is connected to the same PCC. Different fault condition scenarios are tested for improving the efficiency and the quality of the power supply and compliance with the requirements of the LVRT grid code. The results of the LVRT capability, voltage stability, active power, reactive power, injected current, and dc link voltage, speed of turbine, and power factor at the PCC are presented with and without the contribution of the DVR system.Peer reviewe
Microgrid Application in Algeria Saharian Remote Areas
This paper presents a model and simulation for the development of microgrids in remote areas of the Algerian Sahara, including micro power plants, photovoltaic panels, wind farms, diesel energy and storage facilities. The climate of the Algerian Sahara, located on both sides of a tropical region, is hot, sunny and arid. Daytime temperatures are very high and can exceed 50Β°C, while the thermal amplitude between day and night is often above 350 or 400Β°C.Β In addition, there are many microclimates that are characterised by very high wind speeds. This means that wind energy and photovoltaic energy are both widely appropriate in this field, especially if we assume that the distribution of the population is very dispersed. The creation of microgrids for consumption will be an interesting solution to provide energy to the local population. The microgrid is part of the electrical system and is very dynamic. Production and supply forecasts will lead to reshipment, demand and price effects on regional markets. These feedback effects must be modelled and understood to achieve a stable energy system based on renewable energy
A self-regulated learning management system: Enhancing performance, motivation and reflection in learning
Practising self-regulated learning is essential in oneβs lifelong learning journey. As educators, we can assist our students to regulate their learning effectively, whether this is in an online learning environment or any other. However, many factors affect how well learners regulate their learning. Research reveals that self-regulated learning practices vary and warrant further exploration. This study specifically investigates how the guided practice of self-regulated learning behaviour affects learning in the online learning environment. To guide students in managing their learning more effectively, an automated self-regulated learning management system was developed. The system assists students in practising the cognitive, meta-cognitive and motivational aspects of self-regulated learning. 155 postgraduate students in two online healthcare-related courses were randomly selected to be involved in the study. Trace data from the self-regulated learning management system was used to triangulate the studentsβ self-reports in relation to their self-regulated learning behaviours. Non-parametric statistical tests were used in the analysis. Findings indicate that the use of the self-regulated learning management system facilitated and aided students in practising more effective self-regulated learning behaviours thus impacting positively on learning motivation and metacognitive reflection. However, its effect is inconclusive in relation to academic performance. In summary, positive changes were made to their self-regulated learning behaviours and these subsequently improved their self-regulation and related outcomes
A Temporal Distributed Group Decision Support System Based on Multi-Criteria Analysis
Decision support consists of proposing tasks and projects by taking into account temporal constraints and the use of resources with the aim of finding a compromise solution between several alternatives. Indeed, on the one hand, centralized resolution systems and methods are generally inappropriate to the real case because of the local unavailability of decision makers. On the other hand, the data of the decisional problem are generally poorly expressed in a negotiation environment. Other techniques and approaches treat the same decision-making problem and impose a distributed vision for coherent decisions. For this purpose, Multi-Agent Systems (MAS) allow modeling a distributed resolution of the group decision support problem. In this article, we propose a new model of a multi-criteria group decision support system based on a multi-agent system modeling a spatial problem. We consider that each decision maker is assimilated to an agent that has a decision-making autonomy, in which he interacts with other agents in the debate through a negotiation process in order to reach an acceptable compromise. In this study, we propose coordination mechanisms among agents to highlight the simulated negotiation. Therefore, the proposed system finds a solution before fixed deadlinesβ time expire. We experiment the suggested negotiation model to solve the decisional problem of spatial localization in territory planning
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