Biodiversity and characterization of gram-positive, catalase-positive cocci isolated from pastırma produced under different curing processes

The aim of this study was to determine the effects of different curing temperatures (4 °C or 10 °C) and agents (KNO 3 or NaNO 2 ) on microbiological and physicochemical properties of pastırma and diversity of gram-positive, catalase-positive cocci (GCC + ) and also to investigate some technological properties of the strains. Four different groups of pastırma were produced applying different curing temperatures and agents. After production, GCC + isolated from pastırma were subjected to phenotypic and genotypic (16S rRNA sequencing) identification. Genotypically characterized strains were evaluated for their technological properties. In all groups, a w and pH were observed to be under 0.90 and over 5.5, respectively. In genotypic identification, 45 isolates were identified as Staphylococcus vitulinus, while other isolates identified were S. equorum (n = 15), S. saprophyticus (n = 15), and S. xylosus (n = 12). All of the strains could grow at different salt concentrations (8% and 15%) and temperatures (4 °C, 10 °C, and 37 °C). Four strains of S. saprophyticus showed strong lipolytic activity while nine strains of S. vitulinus had strong proteolytic activity. This study showed that different curing temperatures and agents are particularly effective on the microflora in pastırma; however, these factors do not cause a high diversity in GCC + in terms of species. © TÜBİTA

The Psychometric Properties of Character Growth Index in TurkishAdolescents

Bu çalışmanın amacı Karakter Gelişim İndeksi'ni (KGİ) Türkçe'ye uyarlamak ve ölçeğinpsikometrik özelliklerini incelemektir. Çalışma grubu 604 ortaöğretim öğrencisindenoluşmaktadır. Doğrulayıcı faktör analizinde 11 boyutlu modelin kabul edilebilir uyum verdiğigörülmüştür. Ölçekteki maddelerin faktör yükleri .30 ile .80 arasında değişmektedir. Ölçeğiniç tutarlılık güvenirlik katsayısı .92 olarak hesaplanmıştır. Ölçeğin alt boyutlarının iç tutarlılıkgüvenirlik katsayıları .60 ile .83 arasında değişmektedir. Ölçeğin madde toplam puankorelasyon katsayılarının .22 ile .68 arasında değiştiği görülmüştür. Ölçüt bağıntılı geçerlikaçısından, İnsani Değerler Ölçeği alt ölçek puanları ile KGİ alt ölçek puanları arasındakikorelasyon katsayıları .30 ila .65 arasında değişmektedir. Araştırmanın sonuçları KarakterGelişim İndeksi'nin Türkçe formunun geçerlik ve güvenilirlik özelliklerinin kabul edilebilirdüzeyde olduğunu ve bilimsel araştırmalarda kullanılabileceğini ortaya koymuşturThe aim of this study was to examine the psychometric properties of Turkish version ofCharacter Growth Index. The sample of this study consisted of 604 high school students. Theresults of confirmatory factor analysis demonstrated that 11 factor model fitted the data well.Factor loadings ranged between .30 and .80. The internal consistency reliability coefficient ofthe scale was calculated as .92. The internal consistency reliability coefficient of thesubscales ranged between .60 and .83. The corrected item-total correlations ranged between.22 and .68. In terms of the criterion validity, the correlation coefficients calculated betweenthe Humanitarian Values Scale subscale scores and the CGI subscale scores ranged from .30to .65. These results revealed that Character Growth Index is a valid and reliable scale andcan be used in scientific studie

EPC 43, Poems / Anne Kingsmill Finch, Countess of Winchilsea. Image 009

https://repository.wellesley.edu/epc43/1008/thumbnail.jp

Mycorrhizal dependency of sour orange in relation to phosphorus and zinc nutrition

Citrus-growing areas in the Çukurova Region (Eastern Mediterranean) show a rapid increase since major field crops in the region are being shifted to the Southeast Anatolia of Turkey. The area is very productive, however, most of the soils have very low plant available nutrients, such as phosphorus (P), zinc (Zn), iron (Fe), and manganese (Mn). This research was undertaken to find out whether citrus plants are dependent on mycorrhiza in relation to P and Zn nutrition. Seedlings of sour orange (Citrus aurantium L.) were grown in a silty soil (Çanakç soil series (Typic Xerofluvents)) low in P and inoculated with Glomus clarum and fertilized with 3 levels of P (0, 100, and 200ppm) and 3 levels of Zn (0, 2.5, and 5ppm) in 3 kg soil. Irrespective of P and Zn treatments, mycorrhizal inoculation increased shoot and root dry weight more than tenfold compared to the non-inoculated plants. Since native indigenous mycorrhizal spores were eliminated due to soil sterilization, strongly mycorrhizal dependent sour orange (Citrus aurantium L.) seedlings were stunned and not responded to the P and Zn supply in non-mycorrhizal inoculated soils. The results revealed that G. clarum inoculation significantly increased plant P, Zn, and Cu uptake. The G. clarum inoculated plants had less N, Fe, and Mn concentration than non-inoculated plants. The results obtained showed that sour orange is strongly mycorrhizal dependent (MD). Nevertheless, with increasing P and Zn supply, mycorrhizal dependency was gradually decreased. The decrease in mycorrhizal dependency was more pronounced for P requirement rather than Zn requirement