Spatial functionnal analysis application on fisheries acoustics data coupled with fine scale environmental data [résumé de poster]

ICES. Working Group of Fisheries Acoustics, Science and Technology (WGFAST), Somone, SEN, 25-/04/2022 - 28/04/2022In this work, we were interested in the application of functional, spatial data analysis (FSDA) on coupling acoustic (Sv) and environmental (water temperature, fluorescence, salinity and turbid-ity) data. To do this we use data from an acoustics fisheries surveys (R/V Thalassa, Ifremer, AWA campaign) carry out in West African waters using multifrequency echosounder (18, 38, 70, 120, 333 kHz) and a scanfish (high performance towed undulator). FSDA were compared to classical statistical methods namely multivariate functional principal component analysis, classical prin-cipal component analysis, classification on principal component scores, classical additive model, spatial functional additive model. The interest to improve such statistical analysis is applied here to the study the effect at fine scale of environmental parameters on the distribution of coastal sound scattered layers. We first considered an aggregated analysis of the environmental data then we considered a more complete analysis of the data via their functional characters

Treatment outcomes for human African Trypanosomiasis in the Democratic Republic of the Congo: analysis of routine program data from the world's largest sleeping sickness control program

Objective To enable the human African trypanosomiasis (HAT) control program of the Democratic Republic of the Congo to generate data on treatment outcomes, an electronic database was developed. The database was piloted in two provinces, Bandundu and Kasai Oriental. In this study, we analysed routine data from the two provinces for the period 2006-2008. Methods Data were extracted from case declaration cards and monthly reports available at national and provincial HAT coordination units and entered into the database. Results Data were retrieved for 15 086 of 15 741 cases reported in the two provinces for the period (96%). Compliance with post-treatment follow-up was very poor in both provinces; only 25% had undergone at least one post-treatment follow-up examination, <1% had undergone the required four follow-up examinations. Relapse rates among those presenting for follow-up were high in Kasai (18%) but low in Bandundu (0.3%). Conclusions High relapse rates in Kasai and poor compliance with post-treatment follow-up in both provinces are important problems that the HAT control program urgently needs to address. Moreover, in analogy to tuberculosis control programs, HAT control programs need to adopt a recording and reporting routine that includes reporting on treatment outcomes

Treatment outcomes for human African Trypanosomiasis in the Democratic Republic of the Congo: analysis of routine program data from the world's largest sleeping sickness control program

OBJECTIVE: To enable the human African trypanosomiasis (HAT) control program of the Democratic Republic of the Congo to generate data on treatment outcomes, an electronic database was developed. The database was piloted in two provinces, Bandundu and Kasai Oriental. In this study, we analysed routine data from the two provinces for the period 2006-2008. METHODS: Data were extracted from case declaration cards and monthly reports available at national and provincial HAT coordination units and entered into the database. RESULTS: Data were retrieved for 15 086 of 15 741 cases reported in the two provinces for the period (96%). Compliance with post-treatment follow-up was very poor in both provinces; only 25% had undergone at least one post-treatment follow-up examination, <1% had undergone the required four follow-up examinations. Relapse rates among those presenting for follow-up were high in Kasai (18%) but low in Bandundu (0.3%). CONCLUSIONS: High relapse rates in Kasai and poor compliance with post-treatment follow-up in both provinces are important problems that the HAT control program urgently needs to address. Moreover, in analogy to tuberculosis control programs, HAT control programs need to adopt a recording and reporting routine that includes reporting on treatment outcomes.status: publishe

Study of the overall toxicity, water quality and microplastics of the peninsula of Cape Verde, Senegal [résumé]

ICAWA : International Conference AWA, Dakar, SEN, 13-/12/2016 - 15/12/2016Currently only thirteen percent (13 %) of domestic wastewater produced daily in Dakar is being treated. Industrial and agricultural activities and domestic waste are the source of significant pollution of the marine and coastal environment in Senegal. Our work focuses on assessing the overall toxicity of sediments, the microbiological and chemical quality of water, and the quantification of microplastics around the Cape Verde Peninsula. Physicochemical measurements are carried out in situ and the sampling points correspond to effluent outlets, compared to two reference stations that are assumed to have little or no contamination. A total of 15 sites were collected: Cambéréne, Yoff Tonghor, Ngor, Almadie-Vivier, Ouakam, Magdalen Islands, Soumbédioune, Dakar Dantec, Hann1, Hann2, Port of Dakar, Lac rose, Guédiawaye, Mamelles and UCAD. High sediment toxicity [100% ADL (Larval Development Anomalies)] was demonstrated at sixty percent (60%) of the sites. Twenty percent (20%) of sites have intermediate toxicity ranging from 30% to 60% ADL). Sites with the lowest toxicity (up to 30% ADL) accounted for only 20% and no ADL values were reported as nil. Mercury levels in sediments are very low, with a notable variation between sites in the north and those in the south of the peninsula. Coliforms (Escherichia coli) and enterococci are present in large quantities at most sites (64%). The presence of Salmonella is noted only in Cambéréne. The results of mass spectrometry analyzes also show overall high concentrations of heavy metals (Al, Cd, Cr, Co, Cu, Hg, Ni and Zn) with the exception of Fe and Mn, which are below the criteria for "Protection of acute and chronic aquatic life". Microplastic analysis revealed high mean values: 25,864 mpts / km2 (42 g / km2) for microplastics (300 µm and 5 mm) and 37,441 MPTS / km2 (97.33 g / km2) for macroplastics > 5 mm and < 200 mm). All the results obtained show, according to the pollutants, the importance of the sediment granulometry, the nature of the pollution, the size of the effluents, the anthropic contributions, the atmospheric falls like that of the behaviors of the populations. Our results are discussed with a view to environmental monitoring at the local, regional or national level. They will also allow this approach to be extended to other contaminants (hydrocarbons, metals, pesticides, megaplastics) as well as bio-trials in the various compartments of the marine and coastal environment (sediments, waters, fauna and flora ). An in-depth statistical analysis will also allow optimization of ecotoxicological monitoring, sampling and analysis strategies

Study of the overall toxicity, water quality and microplastics of the peninsula of Cape Verde, Senegal [résumé]

ICAWA : International Conference AWA, Dakar, SEN, 13-/12/2016 - 15/12/2016Currently only thirteen percent (13 %) of domestic wastewater produced daily in Dakar is being treated. Industrial and agricultural activities and domestic waste are the source of significant pollution of the marine and coastal environment in Senegal. Our work focuses on assessing the overall toxicity of sediments, the microbiological and chemical quality of water, and the quantification of microplastics around the Cape Verde Peninsula. Physicochemical measurements are carried out in situ and the sampling points correspond to effluent outlets, compared to two reference stations that are assumed to have little or no contamination. A total of 15 sites were collected: Cambéréne, Yoff Tonghor, Ngor, Almadie-Vivier, Ouakam, Magdalen Islands, Soumbédioune, Dakar Dantec, Hann1, Hann2, Port of Dakar, Lac rose, Guédiawaye, Mamelles and UCAD. High sediment toxicity [100% ADL (Larval Development Anomalies)] was demonstrated at sixty percent (60%) of the sites. Twenty percent (20%) of sites have intermediate toxicity ranging from 30% to 60% ADL). Sites with the lowest toxicity (up to 30% ADL) accounted for only 20% and no ADL values were reported as nil. Mercury levels in sediments are very low, with a notable variation between sites in the north and those in the south of the peninsula. Coliforms (Escherichia coli) and enterococci are present in large quantities at most sites (64%). The presence of Salmonella is noted only in Cambéréne. The results of mass spectrometry analyzes also show overall high concentrations of heavy metals (Al, Cd, Cr, Co, Cu, Hg, Ni and Zn) with the exception of Fe and Mn, which are below the criteria for "Protection of acute and chronic aquatic life". Microplastic analysis revealed high mean values: 25,864 mpts / km2 (42 g / km2) for microplastics (300 µm and 5 mm) and 37,441 MPTS / km2 (97.33 g / km2) for macroplastics > 5 mm and < 200 mm). All the results obtained show, according to the pollutants, the importance of the sediment granulometry, the nature of the pollution, the size of the effluents, the anthropic contributions, the atmospheric falls like that of the behaviors of the populations. Our results are discussed with a view to environmental monitoring at the local, regional or national level. They will also allow this approach to be extended to other contaminants (hydrocarbons, metals, pesticides, megaplastics) as well as bio-trials in the various compartments of the marine and coastal environment (sediments, waters, fauna and flora ). An in-depth statistical analysis will also allow optimization of ecotoxicological monitoring, sampling and analysis strategies

Study of the spatial variability of marine pollution around the peninsula of Cape Verde [résumé]

ICAWA : International Conference AWA, Dakar, SEN, 13-/12/2016 - 15/12/2016Marine pollution, the scourge of modern times, is due to the runoff of domestic and industrial waters as well as to various anthropogenic activities, i.e. products and objects deliberately or accidentally discharged into the sea. The samples taken from 11 sites on the Cap-Vert peninsula in Senegal, indicate the presence of certain polluting substances in varying amounts. The objective of this work is to study the correlations between the physical, microbiological and chemical parameters in order to highlight the similarities between the sites and, if possible, to determine the most relevant parameter(s) to characterize the pollution. PCA results have shown that some sites appear to be less chemically polluted than others that are more polluted with eutrophication and chemicals (e.g., copper, mercury). From a physical point of view, for example, we observe that the characteristics of sediments (large silt, clays, fine silt) are related to certain chemical parameters.The AFC performed between the overall toxicity of the sediments and the microbiological quality of the water shows that the site of Ouakam has a medium toxicity and a good microbiological quality while that of Cambérène and the Vivier are characterized respectively by bad and good quality but also by low toxicity at both sites. The two sites of Hann (Hann1 and Hann2), Soumbédioune, Ngor, Yoff Tonghor and Dakar Le Dantec are characterized by high toxicity and poor microbiological quality. Those in the Madeleine Islands and the Port of Dakar are characterized by high toxicity and bad microbiological quality. Moreover, as expected Soumbédioune appears as the most polluted sites in terms of microbiological load. The interest of the multivariate approach (ACP and AFC) is then discussed in this type of analysis

International conference ICAWA 2016 : extended book of abstract : the AWA project : ecosystem approach to the management of fisheries and the marine environment in West African waters

Currently only thirteen percent (13 %) of domestic wastewater produced daily in Dakar is being treated. Industrial and agricultural activities and domestic waste are the source of significant pollution of the marine and coastal environment in Senegal. Our work focuses on assessing the overall toxicity of sediments, the microbiological and chemical quality of water, and the quantification of microplastics around the Cape Verde Peninsula. Physicochemical measurements are carried out in situ and the sampling points correspond to effluent outlets, compared to two reference stations that are assumed to have little or no contamination. A total of 15 sites were collected: Cambéréne, Yoff Tonghor, Ngor, Almadie-Vivier, Ouakam, Magdalen Islands, Soumbédioune, Dakar Dantec, Hann1, Hann2, Port of Dakar, Lac rose, Guédiawaye, Mamelles and UCAD. High sediment toxicity [100% ADL (Larval Development Anomalies)] was demonstrated at sixty percent (60%) of the sites. Twenty percent (20%) of sites have intermediate toxicity ranging from 30% to 60% ADL). Sites with the lowest toxicity (up to 30% ADL) accounted for only 20% and no ADL values were reported as nil. Mercury levels in sediments are very low, with a notable variation between sites in the north and those in the south of the peninsula. Coliforms (Escherichia coli) and enterococci are present in large quantities at most sites (64%). The presence of Salmonella is noted only in Cambéréne. The results of mass spectrometry analyzes also show overall high concentrations of heavy metals (Al, Cd, Cr, Co, Cu, Hg, Ni and Zn) with the exception of Fe and Mn, which are below the criteria for "Protection of acute and chronic aquatic life". Microplastic analysis revealed high mean values: 25,864 mpts / km2 (42 g / km2) for microplastics (300 µm and 5 mm) and 37,441 MPTS / km2 (97.33 g / km2) for macroplastics > 5 mm and < 200 mm). All the results obtained show, according to the pollutants, the importance of the sediment granulometry, the nature of the pollution, the size of the effluents, the anthropic contributions, the atmospheric falls like that of the behaviors of the populations. Our results are discussed with a view to environmental monitoring at the local, regional or national level. They will also allow this approach to be extended to other contaminants (hydrocarbons, metals, pesticides, megaplastics) as well as bio-trials in the various compartments of the marine and coastal environment (sediments, waters, fauna and flora ). An in-depth statistical analysis will also allow optimization of ecotoxicological monitoring, sampling and analysis strategies