Dental Treatment under General Anesthesia in Healthy and Medically Compromised/Developmentally Disabled Children: A Comparative Study

Aim: To compare the type, number of procedures and working time of dental treatment provided under dental general anesthesia (DGA) in healthy and medically compromised/developmentally disabled children (MCDD children). Design: This cross-sectional prospective study involved 80 children divided into two groups of 40 children each. Group 1 consisted of healthy and Group 2 consisted of MCDD children. Results: Healthy children needed more working time than MCDD children, the means being 161±7.9 and 84±5.7 minutes, respectively (P= 0.0001). Operative dentistry and endodontic treatments showed a significant statistical difference (P= 0.0001). The means of procedures were 17±5.0 for healthy children and 11±4.8 for MCDD children (P= 0.0001). Conclusions: Healthy children needed more extensive dental treatment than MCDD children under DGA. The information from this sample of Mexican children could be used as reference for determining trends both within a facility as well as in comparing facilities in cross-population studies

A New Simple Chromo-fluorogenic Probe for NO2 Detection in Air

[EN] A new chromo-fluorogenic probe, consisting of a biphenyl derivative containing both a silylbenzyl ether and a N,N-dimethylamino group, for NO2 detection in the gas phase has been developed. A clear colour change from colourless to yellow together with an emission quenching was observed when the probe reacted with NO2. A limit of detection to the naked eye of about 0.1 ppm was determined and the system was successfully applied to the detection of NO2 in realistic atmospheric conditions.We thank the Spanish Government (MAT2012‐38429‐C04) and Generalitat Valenciana (PROMETEOII/2014/047) for support. SCSIE (Universidad de Valencia) is gratefully acknowledged for all the equipment employed. We thank Dr. A. Múñoz from the CEAM (Valencia‐Spain) for her help for the development of the measures in real environment.Juarez, LA.; Costero, AM.; Sancenón Galarza, F.; Martínez-Máñez, R.; Parra Álvarez, M.; Gaviña Costero, P. (2015). A New Simple Chromo-fluorogenic Probe for NO2 Detection in Air. Chemistry - A European Journal. 21(24):8720-8722. doi:10.1002/chem.201500608S87208722212

Immunohistochemical localization of low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 and α2-Macroglobulin in retinal and choroidal tissue of proliferative retinopathies

The immunolocalization of the low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 (LRP1) and its ligand α 2-Macroglobulin (α2M) was examined in tissues from human donor eyes of normal, diabetic and sickle cell disease subjects. Streptavidin alkaline phosphatase immunohistochemistry was performed with a mouse anti-human LRP1 and rabbit anti-human α2M antibodies. Retinal and choroidal blood vessels were labeled with mouse anti-human CD34 antibody in adjacent tissue sections. Mean scores for immunostaining from the pathological and control eyes were statistically compared.LRP1 immunoreactivity was very weak to negative in the neural retina of normal subjects except in scattered astrocytes. LRP1 expression in diabetic eyes was detected in the internal limiting membrane (ILM), astrocytes, inner photoreceptor matrix, choriocapillaris and choroidal stroma. The ligand α2M, however, was limited mainly to blood vessel walls, some areas of the inner nuclear layer (INL), photoreceptors, RPE-Bruch's membrane-choriocapillaris complex, intercapillary septa, and choroidal stroma. In sickle cell eyes, avascular and vascular retina as well as choroidal neovascularization (CNV) were analyzed. In avascular areas, LRP1 immunoreactivity was in innermost retina (presumably ILM, astrocytes, and Muller cells) and INL as well as RPE-Bruch's membrane-choriocapillaris complex and choroidal stroma α2M was very weak in avascular peripheral retina compared to vascularized areas and limited to stroma in choroid. In contrast, in areas with CNV, LRP1 immunoreactivity was significantly decreased in overlying retina and in RPE-Bruch's membrane and choroidal stroma compared to the controls, while α2M was elevated in RPE-Bruch's membrane near CNV compared to normal areas in sickle cell choroid. The mean scores revealed that LRP1 and α2M in neural retina were significantly elevated in astrocytes and ILM in diabetic eyes (p ≤ 0.05), whereas in sickle cell eyes scores were elevated in ILM and INL (p ≤ 0.05). In addition, α2M immunoreactivity was in photoreceptors in both ischemic retinopathies. In choroid, the patterns of LRP1 and α2M expression were different and not coincident.This is the first demonstration of the presence of LRP1 and α2M in human proliferative retinopathies. Elevated LRP1 expression in sickle cell neural retina and diabetic inner retina and choroid suggests that LRP1 plays an important role in ischemic neovascular diseases. © 2010 Elsevier Ltd.Fil: Barcelona, Pablo Federico. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Córdoba. Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología; ArgentinaFil: Luna, J. D.. Fundación VER. Departamento de Oftalmología; ArgentinaFil: Chiabrando, Gustavo Alberto. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Córdoba. Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología; ArgentinaFil: Juarez, P. C.. Fundación VER. Departamento de Oftalmología; ArgentinaFil: Bhutto IA. University Johns Hopkins; Estados UnidosFil: McLeod, D. S.. University Johns Hopkins; Estados UnidosFil: Sanchez, Maria Cecilia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Córdoba. Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología; ArgentinaFil: Lutty, G. A.. University Johns Hopkins; Estados Unido

Oxidative stress and mitochondrial adaptive shift during pituitary tumoral growth

The cellular transformation of normal functional cells to neoplastic ones implies alterations in the cellular metabolism and mitochondrial function in order to provide the bioenergetics and growth requirements for tumour growth progression. Currently, the mitochondrial physiology and dynamic shift during pituitary tumour development are not well understood. Pituitary tumours present endocrine neoplastic benign growth which, in previous reports, we had shown that in addition to increased proliferation, these tumours were also characterized by cellular senescence signs with no indication of apoptosis. Here, we show clear evidence of oxidative stress in pituitary cells, accompanied by bigger and round mitochondria during tumour development, associated with augmented biogenesis and an increased fusion process. An activation of the Nrf2 stress response pathway together with the attenuation of the oxidative damage signs occurring during tumour development were also observed which will probably provide survival advantages to the pituitary cells. These neoplasms also presented a progressive increase in lactate production, suggesting a metabolic shift towards glycolysis metabolism. These findings might imply an oxidative stress state that could impact on the pathogenesis of pituitary tumours. These data may also reflect that pituitary cells can modulate their metabolism to adapt to different energy requirements and signalling events in a pathophysiological situation to obtain protection from damage and enhance their survival chances. Thus, we suggest that mitochondria function, oxidative stress or damage might play a critical role in pituitary tumour progression.Fil: Sabatino, María Eugenia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud; ArgentinaFil: Grondona, Ezequiel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud; ArgentinaFil: Sosa, Liliana del Valle. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud; ArgentinaFil: Mongi Bragato, Bethania del Carmen. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud; ArgentinaFil: Carreño, Lucía. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud; ArgentinaFil: Juarez, Andrea Virginia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud; ArgentinaFil: da Silva, Rodrigo A.. Universidad Federal de Santa Catarina, Brasil; BrasilFil: Remor, Aline. Universidad Federal de Santa Catarina, Brasil; BrasilFil: de Bortoli, Lucila. Universidad Federal de Santa Catarina, Brasil; BrasilFil: Paula Martins, Roberta de. Universidad Federal de Santa Catarina, Brasil; BrasilFil: Pérez, Pablo Aníbal. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Medicina. Centro de Microscopía Electrónica; ArgentinaFil: Petiti, Juan Pablo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Medicina. Centro de Microscopía Electrónica; ArgentinaFil: Gutiérrez, Silvina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Medicina. Centro de Microscopía Electrónica; ArgentinaFil: Torres, Alicia Ines. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Medicina. Centro de Microscopía Electrónica; ArgentinaFil: Latini, Alexandra. Universidad Federal de Santa Catarina, Brasil; BrasilFil: de Paul, Ana Lucia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Medicina. Centro de Microscopía Electrónica; Argentin

Evolución de la textura cristalina en los procesos de fabricación de combustibles y componentes internos de reactores nucleares de potencia

El desarrollo de la metalurgia en la Argentina en los últimos sesenta años vio el paso y transformación de las prácticas tradicionales del ancestral “arte-tecnológico” metalúrgico a la metodología científica. El uso del método fenomenológico[1] ha sido y sigue siendo aplicado a través de técnicas de ensayos de materiales que, pese a sus limitaciones, son de fundamental importancia e ineludible aplicación para caracterizar propiedades en los materiales estructurales derivados de las etapas de un proceso de fabricación. No obstante ello, el avance tecnológico hace que actualmente las técnicas de difracción nos acerquen a la descripción atomística de las propiedades deseadas para el material orientadas a una determinada aplicación. En este contexto en el presente trabajo se han aplicado tres técnicas basadas en la difracción: difracción de rayos X, difracción de electrones retrodispersados y difracción de neutrones, para describir la misma propiedad en un policristal, la textura cristalina[2]. Esta propiedad es particularmente importante en las aleaciones de circonio de uso nuclear, ya que la anisotropía intrínseca derivada de su estructura hexagonal[3] se transforma en macroscópica luego de los procesos de deformación, determinando las propiedades mecánicas del componente terminado necesarias en su misión de seguridad. El trabajo destaca la complementariedad y especificidad de cada técnica y nos aproxima a describir las propiedades mecánicas de un componente a través de los cambios geométricos que experimenta la materia prima durante un proceso de conformado plástico.The development of the metallurgy in the last sixty years in Argentina assisted to a transformation of the traditional metallurgy into the materials science. The use of the phenomenological method was and continues being applied through the mechanical tests to characterize structural materials properties. However, the technological progress let us to get closer to an atomistic description of the desired material properties for a specific application. In this framework, in the present work three diffraction based techniques were applied: X-ray diffraction, electron backscattered diffraction and neutron diffraction, in order to describe the same property of a policristal, the crystalline texture. This property is particularly important for the zirconium based alloys since the intrinsic anisotropy derived from the hexagonal structure of the room temperature equilibrium phase (α−Zr) becomes a macroscopic property after the deformation processes, determining the mechanical properties of the nuclear component. This work highlights the complementarity and specificity of each technique and bring us closer to describe mechanical properties trough the geometrical changes into which the raw material goes during the plastic forming transformations.Fil: Juarez, G.. Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica. Gerencia de Área de Aplicaciones de la Tecnología Nuclear. Gerencia Ciclo del Combustible Nuclear. Laboratorio de Materia de la Fábrica de Aleaciones Especiales; ArgentinaFil: Buioli, Constanza Patricia. Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica. Gerencia de Área de Aplicaciones de la Tecnología Nuclear. Gerencia Ciclo del Combustible Nuclear. Laboratorio de Materia de la Fábrica de Aleaciones Especiales; ArgentinaFil: Flores, A. V.. Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica. Gerencia de Área de Aplicaciones de la Tecnología Nuclear. Gerencia Ciclo del Combustible Nuclear. Laboratorio de Materia de la Fábrica de Aleaciones Especiales; ArgentinaFil: Dellagnolo, M.. Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica. Gerencia de Área de Aplicaciones de la Tecnología Nuclear. Gerencia Ciclo del Combustible Nuclear. Laboratorio de Materia de la Fábrica de Aleaciones Especiales; ArgentinaFil: Santisteban, Javier Roberto. Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica. Centro Atómico Bariloche; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Vicente Alvarez, Miguel Angel. Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica. Centro Atómico Bariloche; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Azzinari, Damian. Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica. Gerencia de Área de Aplicaciones de la Tecnología Nuclear. Gerencia Ciclo del Combustible Nuclear. Laboratorio de Materia de la Fábrica de Aleaciones Especiales; ArgentinaFil: Bianchi, D.. Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica. Gerencia de Área de Aplicaciones de la Tecnología Nuclear. Gerencia Ciclo del Combustible Nuclear. Laboratorio de Materia de la Fábrica de Aleaciones Especiales; ArgentinaFil: Revesz, A.. Eötvös University; ArgentinaFil: Hoffman, M.. Technische Universitat Munchen. Forschungs-neutronenquelle Heinz Maier-leibnitz (frm Ii); AlemaniaFil: Ungar, T.. University of Manchester; Reino UnidoFil: Vizcaino, Pablo. Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica. Gerencia de Área de Aplicaciones de la Tecnología Nuclear. Gerencia Ciclo del Combustible Nuclear. Laboratorio de Materia de la Fábrica de Aleaciones Especiales; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentin

Systems Biology Approach Predicts Antibody Signature Associated with Brucella melitensis Infection in Humans

A complete understanding of the factors that determine selection of antigens recognized by the humoral immune response following infectious agent challenge is lacking. Here we illustrate a systems biology approach to identify the antibody signature associated with Brucella melitensis (Bm) infection in humans and predict proteomic features of serodiagnostic antigens. By taking advantage of a full proteome microarray expressing previously cloned 1406 and newly cloned 1640 Bm genes, we were able to identify 122 immunodominant antigens and 33 serodiagnostic antigens. The reactive antigens were then classified according to annotated functional features (COGs), computationally predicted features (e.g., subcellular localization, physical properties), and protein expression estimated by mass spectrometry (MS). Enrichment analyses indicated that membrane association and secretion were significant enriching features of the reactive antigens, as were proteins predicted to have a signal peptide, a single transmembrane domain, and outer membrane or periplasmic location. These features accounted for 67% of the serodiagnostic antigens. An overlay of the seroreactive antigen set with proteomic data sets generated by MS identified an additional 24%, suggesting that protein expression in bacteria is an additional determinant in the induction of Brucella-specific antibodies. This analysis indicates that one-third of the proteome contains enriching features that account for 91% of the antigens recognized, and after B. melitensis infection the immune system develops significant antibody titers against 10% of the proteins with these enriching features. This systems biology approach provides an empirical basis for understanding the breadth and specificity of the immune response to B. melitensis and a new framework for comparing the humoral responses against other microorganisms

An open-access database and analysis tool for perovskite solar cells based on the FAIR data principles

Large datasets are now ubiquitous as technology enables higher-throughput experiments, but rarely can a research field truly benefit from the research data generated due to inconsistent formatting, undocumented storage or improper dissemination. Here we extract all the meaningful device data from peer-reviewed papers on metal-halide perovskite solar cells published so far and make them available in a database. We collect data from over 42,400 photovoltaic devices with up to 100 parameters per device. We then develop open-source and accessible procedures to analyse the data, providing examples of insights that can be gleaned from the analysis of a large dataset. The database, graphics and analysis tools are made available to the community and will continue to evolve as an open-source initiative. This approach of extensively capturing the progress of an entire field, including sorting, interactive exploration and graphical representation of the data, will be applicable to many fields in materials science, engineering and biosciences