Pendidikan Kewarganegaraan untuk Membangun Wawasan Global Warga Negara Muda

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menemukan nilai-nilai dasar yang perlu dikembangkan dalam pendidikan kewarganegaraan untuk membangun wawasan global warga negara muda. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode grounded theory. Sumber data terdiri atas sumber kepustakaan dan responden yang dipilih dengan menggunakan metode purposive sampling.Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan studi dokumentasi, wawancara, dan observasi. Analisis data menggunakan analisis induktif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai-nilai dasar yang perlu dikembangkan dalam pendidikan kewarganegaraan untuk membangun wawasan global warga negara muda dalam konteks Indonesia antara lain adalah ketuhanan, kemanusiaan, persatuan, kerakyatan, keadilan sosial, kompetisi, menghormati orang lain, kemerdekaan, dan perdamaian

Electrophysiological impact of multiple concussions in asymptomatic athletes: a re-analysis based on alpha activity during a visual-spatial attention task

Most EEG studies used event-related potentials to assess long-term and cumulative effects of sport-related concussions on brain activity. Time-frequency methods provide another approach that allows the detection of subtle shifts in types and patterns of brain oscillations. We sought to discover whether event-related alpha activity would be significantly affected in asymptomatic multi-concussed athletes. We measured the amplitude of alpha activity (8–12 Hz) from the EEG recorded during a visual-spatial attention task to compare event-related alpha perturbations in 13 multi-concussed athletes and 14 age-equivalent, non-concussed teammates. Relative to non-concussed athletes, multi-concussed athletes showed significantly less event-related perturbations time-locked to stimulus presentation. Alpha activity alterations were closely related to the number of concussions sustained. Event-related alpha activity differed in asymptomatic multi-concussed athletes when compared to controls. Our study suggests that low-level neurophysiological underpinnings of the deployment of visual-spatial attention are affected in multi-concussed athletes even though their last concussion occurred on average 30 months prior to testing

Restricted Attentional Capacity within but Not between Sensory Modalities: An Individual Differences Approach

Background Most people show a remarkable deficit to report the second of two targets when presented in close temporal succession, reflecting an attentional blink (AB). An aspect of the AB that is often ignored is that there are large individual differences in the magnitude of the effect. Here we exploit these individual differences to address a long-standing question: does attention to a visual target come at a cost for attention to an auditory target (and vice versa)? More specifically, the goal of the current study was to investigate a) whether individuals with a large within-modality AB also show a large cross-modal AB, and b) whether individual differences in AB magnitude within different modalities correlate or are completely separate. Methodology/Principal Findings While minimizing differential task difficulty and chances for a task-switch to occur, a significant AB was observed when targets were both presented within the auditory or visual modality, and a positive correlation was found between individual within-modality AB magnitudes. However, neither a cross-modal AB nor a correlation between cross-modal and within-modality AB magnitudes was found. Conclusion/Significance The results provide strong evidence that a major source of attentional restriction must lie in modality-specific sensory systems rather than a central amodal system, effectively settling a long-standing debate. Individuals with a large within-modality AB may be especially committed or focused in their processing of the first target, and to some extent that tendency to focus could cross modalities, reflected in the within-modality correlation. However, what they are focusing (resource allocation, blocking of processing) is strictly within-modality as it only affects the second target on within-modality trials. The findings show that individual differences in AB magnitude can provide important information about the modular structure of human cognition

Traduire Juan Carlos Onetti : entre l'ambiguïté structurelle et l'ambiguïté immédiate

L'ambiguïté propre à toute œuvre d'art, en particulier l'œuvre littéraire, peut se diviser endeux catégories: l'ambiguïté structurelle, sur laquelle repose la logique de l'œuvre dans son ensemble, et l'ambiguïté immédiate, qui touche au style, à la personnalité d'un auteur. Les problèmes engendrés par la traduction de l'œuvre de Juan Carlos Onetti offrent une excellente illustration de la distinction qu'il faut faire entre ces deux types d'ambiguïté.There are two types of ambiguity inherent in any work of art, especially a literary work: structural ambiguity associated with the logic of the work as a whole, and immediate ambiguity, associated with style and the author's personality. The difficulties encountered in translating the work of Juan Carlos Onetti are an illustration par excellence of the distinction that needs to be made between these two types of ambiguity