Agglomeration Effects and Japanese Food Industry Investment in China: Evidence from the Cities

This paper uses the data from Chugoku Shinshutsu Kigyou Ichiran 2003-2004 (A View of Japanese Enterprises Investments in China 2003-2004) to study 1ocation choice of Japanese food industry investment in 231 Chinese cities from 1992 to 2001, paying a particular attention to agglomeration effects. A negative binominal model indicates that labor cost (WAGE) is the most important factor that deters Japanese food industry investment. Market size (GDP), raw material (MATER), port (PORT) and policy incentives (POLICY), however, have positive effects in Japanese food industry investment location choice in China. As for the three-tier agglomeration effects' test, the agglomeration effects of Japanese manufactures agglomeration (AG2) and Japanese food manufactures agglomeration (AG3) are confirmed, but not for foreign investment agglomeration (AG1).food industry, agglomeration, Japan, China, FDI, Agribusiness, International Relations/Trade, F21, Q13, Q18,

Thickness dependence of the stability of the charge-ordered state in Pr0.5_{0.5}Ca0.5_{0.5}MnO3_{3} thin films

Thin films of the charge-ordered (CO) compound Pr$_{0.5}$Ca$_{0.5}$MnO$_{3}$ have been deposited onto (100)-oriented SrTiO$_{3}$ substrates using the Pulsed Laser Deposition technique. Magnetization and transport properties are measured when the thickness of the film is varied. While the thinner films do not exhibit any temperature induced insulator-metal transition under an applied magnetic field up to 9T, for thickness larger than 1100\UNICODE{0xc5} a 5T magnetic field is sufficient to melt the CO state. For this latest film, we have measured the temperature-field phase diagram. Compared to the bulk material, it indicates that the robustness of the CO state in thin films is strongly depending on the strains and the thickness. We proposed an explanation based on the distortion of the cell of the film.Comment: 9 pages, 6 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev.

Landau Theory of the Phase Transitions in Half Doped Manganites: Interplay of Magnetic, Charge and Structural Orders

The order parameters of the magnetic, charge and structural orders at half-doped manganites are identified. A corresponding Landau theory of the phase transitions is formulated. Many structural and thermodynamical behaviors are accounted for and clarified within the framework. In particular, the theory provides a unified picture for the scenario of the phase transitions and their nature with respect to the variation of the tolerance factor of the manganites. It also accounts for the origin of the incommensurate nature of the orbital order and its subsequently accompanying antiferromagnetic order.Comment: 4 pages, 3 eps figures, Revtex, Phys. Rev. B61, 200

Imaging Findings of Localized Lymphoid Hyperplasia of the Pancreas: a Case Report

We report here on a case of localized lymphoid hyperplasia of the pancreas in a 70-year-old man which manifested as double lesions (uncinate process and tail) in the organ. The lesions were incidentally detected as hypoechoic lesions on ultrasonography and they appeared as delayed enhancing lesions on the contrast-enhanced dynamic CT and MRI. Total pancreatectomy was performed, because malignant tumor could not be excluded according to the preoperative imaging studies and the endoscopic ultrasound-guided biopsy failed. Pathology revealed localized lymphoid hyperplasia. The patient had an uneventful postoperative course. He has been alive for 18 months after surgery

Establishment of a new initial dose plan for vancomycin using the generalized linear mixed model

Background: When administering vancomycin hydrochloride (VCM), the initial doseis adjusted to ensure that the steady-state trough value (Css-trough) remains withinthe effective concentration range. However, the Css-trough (population mean methodpredicted value [PMMPV]) calculated using the population mean method (PMM) oftendeviate from the effective concentration range. In this study, we used the generalizedlinear mixed model (GLMM) for initial dose planning to create a model that accuratelypredicts Css-trough, and subsequently assessed its prediction accuracy.Methods: The study included 46 subjects whose trough values were measured afterreceiving VCM. We calculated the Css-trough (Bayesian estimate predicted value [BEPV])from the Bayesian estimates of trough values. Using the patients’ medical data, we createdmodels that predict the BEPV and selected the model with minimum information criterion(GLMM best model). We then calculated the Css-trough (GLMMPV) from the GLMM bestmodel and compared the BEPV correlation with GLMMPV and with PMMPV.Results: The GLMM best model was {[0.977 + (males: 0.029 or females: -0.081)] ×PMMPV + 0.101 × BUN/adjusted SCr – 12.899 × SCr adjusted amount}. The coefficients ofdetermination for BEPV/GLMMPV and BEPV/PMMPV were 0.623 and 0.513, respectively.Conclusion: We demonstrated that the GLMM best model was more accurate inpredicting the Css-trough than the PMM.九州保健福祉大学平成29年

High magnetic field transport measurement of charge-ordered Pr0.5_{0.5}Ca0.5_{0.5}MnO3_3 strained thin films

We have investigated the magnetic-field-induced phase transition of charge-ordered (CO) Pr$_{0.5}$Ca$_{0.5}$MnO$_3$ thin films, deposited onto (100)-oriented LaAlO$_3$ and (100)-oriented SrTiO$_3$ substrates using the pulsed laser deposition technique, by measuring the transport properties with magnetic fields up to 22T. The transition to a metallic state is observed on both substrates by application of a critical magnetic field ($H_C>10T$ at 60K). The value of the field required to destroy the charge-ordered insulating state, lower than the bulk compound, depends on both the substrate and the thickness of the film. The difference of the critical magnetic field between the films and the bulk material is explained by the difference of in-plane parameters at low temperature (below the CO transition). Finally, these results confirm that the robustness of the CO state, depends mainly on the stress induced by the difference in the thermal dilatations between the film and the substrate.Comment: 10 pages, 6 figures. To be published in Phys. Rev.

Magneto-Transport Properties of Doped RuSr2_2GdCu2_2O8_8

RuSr$_2$GdCu$_2$O$_8$, in which magnetic order and superconductivity coexist with $T_{Magnetic}$$\gg$$T_c$, is a complex material which poses new and important questions to our understanding of the interplay between magnetic and superconducting (SC) order. Resistivity, Hall effect and thermopower measurements on sintered ceramic RuSr$_2$GdCu$_2$O$_8$ are presented, together with results on a broad range of substituted analogues. The Hall effect and thermopower both show anomalous decreases below $T_{Magnetic}$ which may be explained within a simple two-band model by a transition from localized to more itinerant behavior in the RuO$_2$ layer at $T_{Magnetic}$.Comment: 10 pages, 7 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev. B., correspondence to [email protected]

Hole-doping dependence of percolative phase separation in Pr_(0.5-delta)Ca_(0.2+delta)Sr_(0.3)MnO_(3) around half doping

We address the problem of the percolative phase separation in polycrystalline samples of Pr$_{0.5-\delta}$Ca$_{0.2+\delta}$Sr$_{0.3}$MnO$_3$ for $-0.04\leq \delta \leq 0.04$ (hole doping $n$ between 0.46 and 0.54). We perform measurements of X-ray diffraction, dc magnetization, ESR, and electrical resistivity. These samples show at $T_C$ a paramagnetic (PM) to ferromagnetic (FM) transition, however, we found that for $n>0.50$ there is a coexistence of both of these phases below $T_C$. On lowering $T$ below the charge-ordering (CO) temperature $T_{CO}$ all the samples exhibit a coexistence between the FM metallic and CO (antiferromagnetic) phases. In the whole $T$ range the FM phase fraction ($X$) decreases with increasing $n$. Furthermore, we show that only for $n\leq 0.50$ the metallic fraction is above the critical percolation threshold $X_C\simeq 15.5$. As a consequence, these samples show very different magnetoresistance properties. In addition, for $n\leq 0.50$ we observe a percolative metal-insulator transition at $T_{MI}$, and for $T_{MI}<T<T_{CO}$ the insulating-like behavior generated by the enlargement of $X$ with increasing $T$ is well described by the percolation law $\rho ^{-1}=\sigma \sim (X-X_C)^t$, where $t$ is a critical exponent. On the basis of the values obtained for this exponent we discuss different possible percolation mechanisms, and suggest that a more deep understanding of geometric and dimensionality effects is needed in phase separated manganites. We present a complete $T$ vs $n$ phase diagram showing the magnetic and electric properties of the studied compound around half doping.Comment: 9 text pages + 12 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev.

Making programs of the rapid intravenous injection of potassium preparations and anaphylactic shock for an emergency-care simulator system

我々は、救急ケアシミュレータを使用した薬物誤投与・病態変化の再現が可能なシミュレーションプログラムを作成した。救急ケアシミュレータはスタン&reg;を使用し、プログラムは操作専用パソコンを使用した。全身状態は、瞬き速度、心音、呼吸音および動脈温などでそれぞれ設定した。薬物誤投与に関しては、カリウム製剤急速静注の症状再現が可能となった。また、病態変化に関してはアナフィラキシーショックが再現可能となった。これらのプログラムはインターネットを介してダウンロードできる。救急ケアシミュレータを用いた薬物過量投与・病態変化の体験は、患者のバイタルサインの確認、薬効評価や薬物有害反応の確認に有用である。これらのプログラムの実行は、病院ではない学内において脈診、聴診、血圧測定、心電図所見といったバイタルサインの確認のトレーニングを可能にし、これらの技術の修得は薬学生の薬効評価や副作用の早期発見につながるであろう。We made simulation programs to enable the reproduction of drug misadministration / condition changes for an emergency-care simulator system. We employed a Stan&reg; simulator equipped with a personal computer. In these programs, the general clinical condition can be detected by blinking velocity, cardiac / respiratory sounds, heart / respiratory rate, body temperature and arterial blood pressure. As an example of drug misadministration, the simulation programs facilitated the reproduction of symptoms related to the rapid intravenous injection of potassium preparations. With respect to changes in clinical condition, it facilitated the reproduction of anaphylactic shock. These programs can be downloaded via the Internet. Experience of excess-dose drug administration / condition changes reproduced by the emergency-care simulator system is useful for checking patients\u27 vital signs, and eventually for evaluating the drug efficacy, and confirming adverse reactions to drugs. Application of these programs will help teach pharmacy students how to check for vital signs (pulse palpation, auscultation, blood pressure measurement, and electrocardiography) in a school setting, not a hospital setting. Mastering these techniques may also allow pharmacy students to determine the efficacy of drug and adverse reactions