Information Geometry and Phase Transitions

The introduction of a metric onto the space of parameters in models in Statistical Mechanics and beyond gives an alternative perspective on their phase structure. In such a geometrization, the scalar curvature, R, plays a central role. A non-interacting model has a flat geometry (R=0), while R diverges at the critical point of an interacting one. Here, the information geometry is studied for a number of solvable statistical-mechanical models.Comment: 6 pages with 1 figur

The Information Geometry of the Ising Model on Planar Random Graphs

It has been suggested that an information geometric view of statistical mechanics in which a metric is introduced onto the space of parameters provides an interesting alternative characterisation of the phase structure, particularly in the case where there are two such parameters -- such as the Ising model with inverse temperature $\beta$ and external field $h$. In various two parameter calculable models the scalar curvature ${\cal R}$ of the information metric has been found to diverge at the phase transition point $\beta_c$ and a plausible scaling relation postulated: ${\cal R} \sim |\beta- \beta_c|^{\alpha - 2}$. For spin models the necessity of calculating in non-zero field has limited analytic consideration to 1D, mean-field and Bethe lattice Ising models. In this letter we use the solution in field of the Ising model on an ensemble of planar random graphs (where $\alpha=-1, \beta=1/2, \gamma=2$) to evaluate the scaling behaviour of the scalar curvature, and find ${\cal R} \sim | \beta- \beta_c |^{-2}$. The apparent discrepancy is traced back to the effect of a negative $\alpha$.Comment: Version accepted for publication in PRE, revtex

Composición de ácidos grasos de frutos de juncos (Carex L., Cyperaceae) seleccionados de Europa Central

Fatty acids in the fruits of 13 sedge species (Carex L., Cyperaceae) were analyzed. The oil contents in the fruits of the studied sedges ranged from 3.73 and 46.52%. In the studied fruit oils 14 different fatty acids were identified. The main unsaturated fatty acids were: linoleic, α-linolenic, oleic, oleopalmitic n-7; oleopalmitic n-9, octadecenic, and eicosenoic acids. The following acids were found in the greatest quantities: linoleic, oleic, α-linolenic and palmitic acids. Based on the fatty acid composition, studied taxa can be divided in two groups. The first group (C. flava, C. pseudocyperus, C. riparia, C. leporina) is a very good source of linoleic acid. The second group, including the remaining species, is a good source of α-linolenic acid. The highest oleic acid contents were observed in C. vulpina. The studied material has shown a low concentration of saturated fatty acids, among which palmitic acid was the main one.Results of the analyses allow for the inclusion of the studied species among plants whose fruits are characterized by a high content of unsaturated fatty acids.Los ácidos grasos de frutos de 13 especies de juncos (Carex L., Cyperaceae) fueron analizados. El contenido de aceite en los frutos de juncos estudiados vario desde un 3.73 a un 46.52%. En los aceites de los frutos estudiados fueron identificados 14 ácidos grasos diferentes. Los principales ácidos grasos insaturados fueron los ácidos linoleico, α-linolenico, oleico, n-7 palmitoleico, n-9 palmitoleico, octadecenoico y eicosanoico. Los siguientes ácidos grasos fueron encontrados en mayor cantidad: ácido linoleico, ácido oleico, ácido α-linolenico, y ácido palmítico. Basado en la composición de ácidos grasos, las especies estudiadas pueden ser divididas en dos grupos. El primer grupo (C. flava, C. pseudocyperus, C. riparia, C. leporina) es una muy buena fuente de ácido linoleico. El segundo grupo, que incluye las especies restantes, es una buena fuente de ácido α-linolenico. Los contenidos más altos de ácido oleico fueron observados en C. vulpine. El material estudiado ha mostrado una baja concentración de ácidos grasos saturados, de entre los cuales el ácido palmítico fue el principal. El análisis de los resultados nos permite considerar que los frutos de las especies de plantas estudiadas se caracterizan por su alto contenido en ácidos grasos insaturados

Information measures based on Tsallis' entropy and geometric considerations for thermodynamic systems

An analysis of the thermodynamic behavior of quantum systems can be performed from a geometrical perspective investigating the structure of the state space. We have developed such an analysis for nonextensive thermostatistical frameworks, making use of the q-divergence derived from Tsallis' entropy. Generalized expressions for operator variance and covariance are considered, in terms of which the fundamental tensor is given.Comment: contribution to 3rd NEXT-SigmaPhi International Conference (August 2005, Kolymbari, Greece

The Information Geometry of the Spherical Model

Motivated by previous observations that geometrizing statistical mechanics offers an interesting alternative to more standard approaches,we have recently calculated the curvature (the fundamental object in this approach) of the information geometry metric for the Ising model on an ensemble of planar random graphs. The standard critical exponents for this model are alpha=-1, beta=1/2, gamma=2 and we found that the scalar curvature, R, behaves as epsilon^(-2),where epsilon = beta_c - beta is the distance from criticality. This contrasts with the naively expected R ~ epsilon^(-3) and the apparent discrepancy was traced back to the effect of a negative alpha on the scaling of R. Oddly,the set of standard critical exponents is shared with the 3D spherical model. In this paper we calculate the scaling behaviour of R for the 3D spherical model, again finding that R ~ epsilon^(-2), coinciding with the scaling behaviour of the Ising model on planar random graphs. We also discuss briefly the scaling of R in higher dimensions, where mean-field behaviour sets in.Comment: 7 pages, no figure

On the Thermodynamic Geometry and Critical Phenomena of AdS Black Holes

In this paper, we study various aspects of the equilibrium thermodynamic state space geometry of AdS black holes. We first examine the Reissner-Nordstrom-AdS (RN-AdS) and the Kerr-AdS black holes. In this context, the state space scalar curvature of these black holes is analysed in various regions of their thermodynamic parameter space. This provides important new insights into the structure and significance of the scalar curvature. We further investigate critical phenomena, and the behaviour of the scalar curvature near criticality, for KN-AdS black holes in two mixed ensembles, introduced and elucidated in our earlier work arXiv:1002.2538 [hep-th]. The critical exponents are identical to those in the RN-AdS and Kerr-AdS cases in the canonical ensemble. This suggests an universality in the scaling behaviour near critical points of AdS black holes. Our results further highlight qualitative differences in the thermodynamic state space geometry for electric charge and angular momentum fluctuations of these.Comment: 1 + 37 Pages, LaTeX, includes 31 figures. A figure and a clarification added

Thermodynamic Geometry of black hole in the deformed Horava-Lifshitz gravity

We investigate the thermodynamic geometry and phase transition of Kehagias-Sfetsos black hole in the deformed Horava-Lifshitz gravity with coupling constant $\lambda=1$. The phase transition in black hole thermodynamics is thought to be associated with the divergence of the capacities. And the structures of these divergent points are studied. We also find that the thermodynamic curvature produced by the Ruppeiner metric is positive definite for all $r_+ > r_-$ and is divergence at $\eta_2=0$ corresponded to the divergent points of $C_{\Phi}$ and $C_T$. These results suggest that the microstructure of the black hole has an effective repulsive interaction, which is very similar to the ideal gas of fermions. These may shine some light on the microstructure of the black hole.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figure

Information Metric on Instanton Moduli Spaces in Nonlinear Sigma Models

We study the information metric on instanton moduli spaces in two-dimensional nonlinear sigma models. In the CP^1 model, the information metric on the moduli space of one instanton with the topological charge Q=k which is any positive integer is a three-dimensional hyperbolic metric, which corresponds to Euclidean anti--de Sitter space-time metric in three dimensions, and the overall scale factor of the information metric is (4k^2)/3; this means that the sectional curvature is -3/(4k^2). We also calculate the information metric in the CP^2 model.Comment: 9 pages, LaTeX; added references for section 1; typos adde

Scalar curvature of systems with fractal distribution functions

Starting with the relative entropy for two close statistical states we define the metric and calculate the scalar curvature $R$ for systems with classical, boson and fermion fractal distribution functions with moment order parameter $q$. In particular, we find that for $q\neq 1$ the scalar curvature is closer to zero implying that the fractal bosonic and fermionic systems are more stable than the standard ones.Comment: 9 pages, 2 figures, some typos were corrected, the Conclusions section was expande

Thermodynamic Geometry and Phase Transitions in Kerr-Newman-AdS Black Holes

We investigate phase transitions and critical phenomena in Kerr-Newman-Anti de Sitter black holes in the framework of the geometry of their equilibrium thermodynamic state space. The scalar curvature of these state space Riemannian geometries is computed in various ensembles. The scalar curvature diverges at the critical point of second order phase transitions for these systems. Remarkably, however, we show that the state space scalar curvature also carries information about the liquid-gas like first order phase transitions and the consequent instabilities and phase coexistence for these black holes. This is encoded in the turning point behavior and the multi-valued branched structure of the scalar curvature in the neighborhood of these first order phase transitions. We re-examine this first for the conventional Van der Waals system, as a preliminary exercise. Subsequently, we study the Kerr-Newman-AdS black holes for a grand canonical and two "mixed" ensembles and establish novel phase structures. The state space scalar curvature bears out our assertion for the first order phase transitions for both the known and the new phase structures, and closely resembles the Van der Waals system.Comment: 1 + 41 pages, LaTeX, 46 figures. Discussions, clarifications and references adde