Design and implementation of fast and highly precise water magnetizer

In the last decades, researchers have widely discussed the effects of magnetized water on many biological and industrial aspects; many studies have also examined the effects of magnetization on water physical and chemical properties and shown a slight increase in the water pH level for the drinking water after magnetizations. This article presents a new practical model to magnetize the tap drinking water with permanent, and adjustable magnets to ensure fast and precise results. A new smart system is designed and implemented to calculate the required magnetic flux density, and the exposuretime based on the difference in the measured pH level of the water atthe inletand outlet pipes.Three permanent magnets, with magnetic flux densities of 500, 1000, and 1500 Gauss (G), are installed at different pipe routes, with added to a variable magnet on the main water outlet. The results show a promising prototype that is not only processing the water efficiently but also supply much data about the water properties, which can be led to more findingsin this field

An Efficient Automatic Mass Classification Method In Digitized Mammograms Using Artificial Neural Network

In this paper we present an efficient computer aided mass classification method in digitized mammograms using Artificial Neural Network (ANN), which performs benign-malignant classification on region of interest (ROI) that contains mass. One of the major mammographic characteristics for mass classification is texture. ANN exploits this important factor to classify the mass into benign or malignant. The statistical textural features used in characterizing the masses are mean, standard deviation, entropy, skewness, kurtosis and uniformity. The main aim of the method is to increase the effectiveness and efficiency of the classification process in an objective manner to reduce the numbers of false-positive of malignancies. Three layers artificial neural network (ANN) with seven features was proposed for classifying the marked regions into benign and malignant and 90.91% sensitivity and 83.87% specificity is achieved that is very much promising compare to the radiologist's sensitivity 75%.Comment: 13 pages, 10 figure

Study the effect of the adding of Ash of Palm Fronds on the Mechanical Properties for High Density Polyethylene (HDPE).

The mechanical properties of (HDPE - ash of palm fronds) composites were studied. The range of added powder of ash of palm fronds has the values (0%, 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, 5%, 7.5% and 10%) of polyethylene weight and the best ratio was (10 %). The mechanical properties of (HDPE / ash of palm fronds) composites were analyzed as a function of the added powder amount. All prepared composites showed improved powder dispersion in the high density polyethylene matrix. More composites displayed lower elongation of break compared to pure HDPE. The results lead to that the strength at breaks will be affected little till the percentage (3%) is (6.8 Mpa), and increased after that with increasing the percentages, also indicate a lowered in young's modules (Young modulus) which at the percentage (3%). The highest value of the proportional limit was when the proportion of the added polymer (2%) is (431.2 N) while the less proportion limit of which (372 N) at the percentage is (4%). Keywords: polymer, Mechanical properties, Ash of palm fronds; Polymer composites; high density polyethylene, Fillers

Detour Polynomials of Generalized Vertex Identified of Graphs

تعد مسافة الالتفاف من أهم أنواع المسافات التي لها تطبيقات حديثة في الكيمياء وشبكات الكمبيوتر، لذلك حصلنا في هذا البحث على متعددات حدود الالتفاف وأدلتها لـ  nمن البيانات المنفصلة عن بعضها البعض بالنسبة للرؤوس ، n≥3. أيضًا وجدنا متعددات حدود الالتفاف وأدلتها لبعض البيانات الخاصة والتي لها تطبيقات مهمة في الكيمياء.The Detour distance is one of the most common distance types used in chemistry and computer networks today. Therefore, in this paper, the detour polynomials and detour indices of vertices identified of n-graphs which are connected to themselves and separated from each other with respect to the vertices for n≥3 will be obtained. Also, polynomials detour and detour indices will be found for another graphs which have important applications in Chemistry.

Pyrolysis of municipal green waste: a modelling, simulation and experimental analysis

Pyrolysis is the thermo-chemical conversion of carbonaceous feedstock in the absence of oxygen to produce bio-fuel (bio-oil, bio-char and syn-gas). Bio-fuel production from municipal green waste (MGW) through the pyrolysis process has attracted considerable attention recently in the renewable energy sector because it can reduce greenhouse gas emissions and contribute to energy security. This study analyses properties of MGW feedstock available in Rockhampton city of Central Queensland, Australia, and presents an experimental investigation of producing bio-fuel from that MGW through the pyrolysis process using a short sealed rotary furnace. It was found from the experiment that about 19.97% bio-oil, 40.83% bio-char and 29.77% syn-gas can be produced from the MGW. Then, a four-stage steady state simulation model is developed for pyrolysis process performance simulation using Aspen Plus software. In the first stage, the moisture content of the MGW feed is reduced. In the second stage, the MGW is decomposed according to its elemental constituents. In the third stage, condensate material is separated and, finally, the pyrolysis reactions are modelled using the Gibbs free energy minimisation approach. The MGW\u27s ultimate and proximate analysis data were used in the Aspen Plus simulation as input parameters. The model is validated with experimentally measured data. A good agreement between simulation and experimental results was found. More specifically, the variation of modelling and experimental elemental compositions of the MGW was found to be 7.3% for carbon, 15.82% for hydrogen, 7.04% for nitrogen and 5.56% for sulphur. The validated model is used to optimise the biofuel production from the MGW as a function of operating variables such as temperature, moisture content, particle size and process heat air-fuel ratio. The modelling and optimisation results are presented, analysed and discussed

Lane detection system for day vision using altera DE2

The active safety systems used in automotive field are largely exploiting lane detection technique for warning the vehicle drivers to correct any unintended road departure and to reach fully autonomous vehicles. Due to its ability, to be programmed, to perform complex mathematical functions and its characterization of high speed processing, Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) could cope with the requirement of lane detection implementation and application. In the present work, lane detection is implemented using FPGA for day vision. This necessitates utilization of image processing techniques like filtering, edge detection and thresholding. The lane detection is performed by firstly capturing the image from a video camera and converted to gray scale. Then, a noise filtering process for gray image is performed using Gaussian and average filter. Methods from first and second order edge detection techniques have been selected for the purpose of lane edge detection. The effect of manually changing the threshold level on image enhancement has been examined. The results showed that raising threshold level would better enhance the image. The type of FPGA device used in the present work is Altera DE2. Firstly, the version DE2 Cyclone II start with (11xxxxxx-xxxx) together with Genx camera has been used. This camera supports both formats NTSC and PAL, while the above version of FPGA backups only NTSC format. The software of lane detection is designed and coded using Verilog language

Human Body Posture Recognition Approaches: A Review

Human body posture recognition has become the focus of many researchers in recent years. Recognition of body posture is used in various applications, including surveillance, security, and health monitoring. However, these systems that determine the body’s posture through video clips, images, or data from sensors have many challenges when used in the real world. This paper provides an important review of how most essential ‎ hardware technologies are ‎used in posture recognition systems‎. These systems capture and collect datasets through ‎accelerometer sensors or computer vision. In addition, this paper presents a comparison ‎study with state-of-the-art in terms of accuracy. We also present the advantages and ‎limitations of each system and suggest promising future ideas that can increase the ‎efficiency of the existing posture recognition system. Finally, the most common datasets ‎applied in these systems are described in detail. It aims to be a resource to help choose one of the methods in recognizing the posture of the human body and the techniques that suit each method. It analyzes more than 80 papers between 2015 and 202

Evaluation Study of Free Spanning Subjected to Hydrodynamic Loads

 تحدث ظاهرة الفضاء المعلق الغير مسنود بصورة عامة عند مد خطوط الأنابيب على ارض متموجة التي تحدث نتيجة لعوامل التعرية للتربة المحيطة بالأنبوب المكشوف الغير مدفون. لذلك من الضروري دراسة حركة المائع حول خط الانبوب المتولدة وحساب مقدار الهطول والاجهادات المتولدة لهكذا نوع من خطوط الأنابيب الغائصة تحت الماء. في هذا البحث تم تسليط الجهد لتخمين وتحري الاجهادات خلال جزء الأنبوب المعلق الغير مستند على تربة قاع البحر ودراسة تأثير خصائص هذه التربة عند نقاط الاستناد على سلوك خطوط الأنابيب. تم عمل نموذج لفضاء الأنبوب المعلق باستخدام برنامج (ANSYS) الذي يعتمد على نظرية العناصر المحددة وكذلك تم إدخال تأثير حركة الموجة والتيار لغرض وصف البيئة المحيطة بالأنبوب بدقة اكبر. بينت النتائج المستحصلة من الدراسة ان شدة الاجهادات تتزايد كلما اقتربنا إلى مركز الفضاء الحر.Suspended spans generally occur in subsea pipelines as a result of the irregularity of seabed. Additionally the suspended spans mostly result from the scouring phenomena around the installed non-buried pipeline. So as to discuss the hydrodynamic surrounding the pipeline and determining the significant deflections and associated stresses of the subsea pipeline in unsupported part, therefore, it’s very necessary to study the hydrodynamic surrounding the pipeline in detail. A two main aims have been done in this study, first assess the stresses at free span section and the second one was the effect of soil characteristics in contact area between pipeline and the seabed soil. A combined model of stresses/lateral displacement has been made. An ANSIS model has been built on the offshore pipelines as a consequence of the combined hydrodynamic loads such as wave/current effects. The calculations have been computed by using the finite element method for the free span to describe the surrounding environment in more accuracy. The pipeline stresses intensity increases with closing to free span center. This is attributed to the fact that UY and UZ have more maximum values at these region