End-Users Housing Requirements in Tumfure Housing Estate in Gombe Metropolis, Nigeria

One of the critical success indicators of projects is to meet the requirements of end-users on which their satisfaction depend upon. This study aimed to examine end-users housing requirements in a Tumfure housing estate in Gombe metropolis, Nigeria, to improve end-user satisfaction. The study objectives were: To identify end-users housing requirements in Tumfure housing estate in Gombe metropolis. The survey design was used to collect responses from occupants of the estate using a structured questionnaire that produced a 65 % response rate. The collected data was analysed using descriptive statistical tools of tables and means. The research found that end-users basic housing requirements in the Tumfure housing estate were the flow of natural ventilation and illumination, rooms suitable for a family unit, modern convenience, circulation spaces, and adequate security. The research recommended that end-users requirements and their peculiarities be the primary consideration in designing and developing public housing estate to ensure higher end-user residential satisfaction

Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats to Extension Service Delivery in Kaduna State, Nigeria

This study examined strengths, weakness, opportunities and threat within the extension service delivery in Kaduna State, Nigeria. The total population (130) of extension agents was used for the study. A structured questionnaire and focus group discussion schedule were used to elicit information. Percentages, mean were used to analyse the data collected. The findings showed Insecurity, high farmer-to-extension agent ratio and inadequate training facilities as challenging factors that affect extension service delivery. The study concluded that extension service delivery was highly ineffective because of low extension-farmer ratio and low motivation among the agents. It is recommended that government need to employ more extension agents to reduce the possible imbalance in extension service delivery to farmers

Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats to Extension Service Delivery in Kaduna State, Nigeria

This study examined strengths, weakness, opportunities and threat within the extension service delivery in Kaduna State, Nigeria. The total population (130) of extension agents was used for the study. A structured questionnaire and focus group discussion schedule were used to elicit information. Percentages, mean were used to analyse the data collected. The findings showed Insecurity, high farmer-to-extension agent ratio and inadequate training facilities as challenging factors that affect extension service delivery. The study concluded that extension service delivery was highly ineffective because of low extension-farmer ratio and low motivation among the agents. It is recommended that government need to employ more extension agents to reduce the possible imbalance in extension service delivery to farmers

Enhancement of complex permittivity and attenuation properties of activated carbon derived from oil palm fruit fiber for microwave application

This study aimed to synthesize activated carbon (AC) from empty oil palm fruit bunch (OPEFB) fiber to enhance its complex permittivity properties by modifying the particle size and surface area via physical activation. Sample characterizations of complex permittivity were conducted using open-ended coaxial technique and a vector network analyzer. The absorption properties were analyzed using the finite element method (FEM) simulations of the transmission coefficients and the distribution of electric fields via the microstrip models. Simulations and measurements were all carried out within the range 8–12 GHz. The initial surface area of the unactivated sample was 4.02, after 700, 750, and 800 °C activation, 730.40, 814.00, and 927.01 m2/g was obtained respectively. With increased surface area, the dielectric constant and loss factor values increased and attained maximum values of 6.13 and 0.83 at 8 GHz, respectively from initial values of 3.63 and 0.52, as the surface area increased from 4.02 to 927.01 m2/g. The improved absorption properties displayed by the AC in the simulations demonstrated their capacity to attenuate X-band microwaves

An Inertial Algorithm of Generalized f -Projection for Maximal Monotone Operators and Generalized Mixed Equilibrium Problems in Banach Spaces

In this paper, we study a modified hybrid inertial algorithm of generalized f-projection for approximating maximal monotone operators and solutions of generalized mixed equilibrium problems in Banach spaces. Our results generalize and improve many recent announced results in the literature

PSYCHOLOGY IN THE PERSPECTIVE OF INTERPERSONAL COMMUNICATION: URGENCY AND THEORY

AbstrakUrgensi psikologi di dalam ilmu komunikasi interpersonal menjadi salah satu instrumen yang membantu komunikator untuk mengetahui dan memahami karakteristik ataupun kepribadian komunikan. Komunikasi interpersonal tidak bisa berlangsung secara efektif untuk mencapai tujuan komunikator ketika dalam proses interaksi dengan komunikan tidak menggunakan ilmu psikologi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis urgensi psikologi dalam perspektif komunikasi interpersonal dan teori-teori psikologi komunikasi interpersonal. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan kepustakaan, sedangkan jenis data yang digunakan adalah data sekunder. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan dokumentasi yakni mengambil data dari berbagai buku, jurnal dan laporan riset. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa urgensi psikologi dalam perspektif komunikasi interpersonal akan menjadi efektif dan berdampak secara signifikan ketika dikolaborasikan dengan psikologi, karena tanpa adanya psikologi proses komunikasi interpersonal akan terhampat bahkan sulit untuk mencapai tujuan yang dikehendaki oleh seorang komunikator. Teori psikologi komunikasi interpersonal terdiri dari teori interaksi simbolik, teori manajemen koordinasi makna, teori pelanggaran harapan, dan teori keterlibatan interaksi. Abstract The urgency of psychology in the science of interpersonal communication is one of the instruments that helps communicators to know and understand the characteristics or personality of communicants. Interpersonal communication cannot take place effectively to achieve the communicator's goals when in the process of interaction with communicants do not use psychology. This study aims to analyze the urgency of psychology in the perspective of interpersonal communication and psychological theories of interpersonal communication. This research uses qualitative research with a literature approach, while the type of data used is secondary data. The data collection technique uses documentation, namely taking data from various books, journals and research reports. The results showed that the urgency of psychology in the perspective of interpersonal communication will be effective and have a significant impact when collaborated with psychology, because without psychology the interpersonal communication process will be hampered and even difficult to achieve the desired goals of a communicator. The psychological theory of interpersonal communication consists of symbolic interaction theory, meaning coordination management theory, expectation violation theory, and interaction involvement theory.

Application of ethanol extracts of Tapinanthus dodoneifolius to inhibit annealed carbon corrosion in 2 M HCl and 3.5% NaCl solutions

Protection effect of ethanol extracts of Tapinanthus dodoneifolius leaf (TD extracts) on corrosion of annealed carbon (FE164531) in 2 M HCl and 3.5% NaCl solution has been investigated by weight loss and electrochemical techniques. Surface morphology and elemental analysis was carried out on the corroded specimens using Scanning Electron Microscope/ Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (SEM/EDS) to augment results obtained. The data obtained from weight loss revealed that the corrosion protection potentials of TD extract is temperature-concentration dependent. The effectiveness of protection against the corrosive environment increased with increasing extracts concentration but decreased with increased temperature. Electrochemical polarization data showed TD extracts suppressed both the cathodic and anodic processes on FE164531 specimen surface. Calculated thermodynamic parameters showed that TD extracts adsorption process was spontaneous with likely electrostatic interactions which propose physical adsorption, a phenomenon consistent with unfavorable adsorption with increasing experimental temperature. The elemental analysis data show the presence of TD extracts species on FE164531 surface supporting strong adsorption of the extracts on the metal surface while SEM showed lesser corroded surface in the presence of TD extracts

Effects of irradiation time on the structural, elastic, and optical properties of hexagonal (wurtzite) zinc oxide nanoparticle synthesised via microwave-assisted hydrothermal route

Zinc oxide (ZnO) is a vital nanomaterial highly valued in electronics and optoelectronics due to its remarkable multifunctional properties. This study prepared ZnO nanoparticles using a simple hydrothermal microwave process. The influence of irradiation time on the structural, elastic and optical properties of the ZnO nanoparticles was investigated. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis confirmed the hexagonal (wurtzite) structure of the ZnO nanoparticles. In addition, various XRD profile analysis techniques were used in this study, including Scherer method, strain size plot method, Halder–Wagner method, Monshi–Scherer method, and Williamson–Hall method consisting of a uniform deformation model, a uniform stress density model and a uniform deformation energy density model. The estimated mean crystallite size was found to be at 43.53–56.08 nm. Furthermore, atomic force microscopy and transmission electron microscopy were used to investigate the average particle size of the ZnO nanoparticles at different irradiation times. The results were consistent with the mean crystallite size calculated using the X-ray diffraction peak profile analysis techniques. Furthermore, a decrease in the energy band gap estimated by diffuse reflectance spectroscopy was observed, transitioning from 3.32s to 3.29 eV with increasing irradiation time. This observation was confirmed by the distinct and unique ultraviolet photoluminescence emission peaks of the synthesized ZnO nanoparticles, supporting the results of the diffuse reflectance analysis. Based on the presented results, it can be concluded that the X-ray diffraction peak profiling technique is a practical approach for determining the average crystallite size of ZnO nanoparticles prepared using the microwave hydrothermal technique and that it can be used for size-dependent applications