114 research outputs found
Control design for discrete-time fuzzy systems with disturbance inputs via delta operator approach
This paper is concerned with the problem of passive control design for discrete-time Takagi-Sugeno (T-S) fuzzy systems with time delay and disturbance input via delta operator approach. The discrete-time passive performance index is established in this paper for the control design problem. By constructing a new type ofLyapunov-Krasovskii function (LKF) in delta domain, and utilizing some fuzzy weighing matrices, a new passive performance condition is proposed for the system under consideration. Based on the condition, a state-feedback passive controller is designed to guarantee that the resulting closed-loop system is very-strictly passive. The existence conditions of the controller can be expressed by linear matrix inequalities (LMIs). Finally, a numerical example is provided to demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method
Autonomous Navigation and Configuration of Integrated Access Backhauling for UAV Base Station Using Reinforcement Learning
Fast and reliable connectivity is essential to enhancing situational
awareness and operational efficiency for public safety mission-critical (MC)
users. In emergency or disaster circumstances, where existing cellular network
coverage and capacity may not be available to meet MC communication demands,
deployable-network-based solutions such as cells-on-wheels/wings can be
utilized swiftly to ensure reliable connection for MC users. In this paper, we
consider a scenario where a macro base station (BS) is destroyed due to a
natural disaster and an unmanned aerial vehicle carrying BS (UAV-BS) is set up
to provide temporary coverage for users in the disaster area. The UAV-BS is
integrated into the mobile network using the 5G integrated access and backhaul
(IAB) technology. We propose a framework and signalling procedure for applying
machine learning to this use case. A deep reinforcement learning algorithm is
designed to jointly optimize the access and backhaul antenna tilt as well as
the three-dimensional location of the UAV-BS in order to best serve the
on-ground MC users while maintaining a good backhaul connection. Our result
shows that the proposed algorithm can autonomously navigate and configure the
UAV-BS to improve the throughput and reduce the drop rate of MC users.Comment: This work has been submitted to the IEEE for possible publication.
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Whole Genome Distribution and Ethnic Differentiation of Copy Number Variation in Caucasian and Asian Populations
Although copy number variation (CNV) has recently received much attention as a form of structure variation within the human genome, knowledge is still inadequate on fundamental CNV characteristics such as occurrence rate, genomic distribution and ethnic differentiation. In the present study, we used the Affymetrix GeneChip® Mapping 500K Array to discover and characterize CNVs in the human genome and to study ethnic differences of CNVs between Caucasians and Asians. Three thousand and nineteen CNVs, including 2381 CNVs in autosomes and 638 CNVs in X chromosome, from 985 Caucasian and 692 Asian individuals were identified, with a mean length of 296 kb. Among these CNVs, 190 had frequencies greater than 1% in at least one ethnic group, and 109 showed significant ethnic differences in frequencies (p<0.01). After merging overlapping CNVs, 1135 copy number variation regions (CNVRs), covering approximately 439 Mb (14.3%) of the human genome, were obtained. Our findings of ethnic differentiation of CNVs, along with the newly constructed CNV genomic map, extend our knowledge on the structural variation in the human genome and may furnish a basis for understanding the genomic differentiation of complex traits across ethnic groups
A Comprehensive Expression Profile of MicroRNAs in Porcine Pituitary
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are an abundant class of small RNAs that regulate expressions of most genes. miRNAs play important roles in the pituitary, the “master” endocrine organ.However, we still don't know which role miRNAs play in the development of pituitary tissue or how much they contribute to the pituitary function. By applying a combination of microarray analysis and Solexa sequencing, we detected a total of 450 miRNAs in the porcine pituitary. Verification with RT-PCR showed a high degree of confidence for the obtained data. According to the current miRBase release17.0, the detected miRNAs included 169 known porcine miRNAs, 163 conserved miRNAs not yet identified in the pig, and 12 potentially new miRNAs not yet identified in any species, three of which were revealed using Northern blot. The pituitary might contain about 80.17% miRNA types belonging to the animal. Analysis of 10 highly expressed miRNAs with the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) indicated that the enriched miRNAs were involved not only in the development of the organ but also in a variety of inter-cell and inner cell processes or pathways that are involved in the function of the organ
Topological mosaics in moiré superlattices of van der Waals heterobilayers
Van der Waals (vdW) heterostructures formed by 2D atomic crystals provide a
powerful approach towards designer condensed matter systems. Incommensurate
heterobilayers with small twisting and/or lattice mismatch lead to the
interesting concept of Moir\'e superlattice, where the atomic registry is
locally indistinguishable from commensurate bilayers but has local-to-local
variation over long range. Here we show that such Moir\'e superlattice can lead
to periodic modulation of local topological order in vdW heterobilayers formed
by two massive Dirac materials. By tuning the vdW heterojunction from normal to
the inverted type-II regime via an interlayer bias, the commensurate
heterobilayer can become a topological insulator (TI), depending on the
interlayer hybridization controlled by the atomic registry between the vdW
layers. This results in mosaic pattern of TI regions and normal insulator (NI)
regions in Moir\'e superlattices, where topologically protected helical modes
exist at the TI/NI phase boundaries. By using symmetry based k.p and
tight-binding models, we predict that this topological phenomenon can be
present in inverted transition metal dichalcogenides heterobilayers. Our work
points to a new means of realizing programmable and electrically switchable
topological superstructures from 2D arrays of TI nano-dots to 1D arrays of TI
nano-stripes.Comment: 17 pages,5 figure
Impact of opioid-free analgesia on pain severity and patient satisfaction after discharge from surgery: multispecialty, prospective cohort study in 25 countries
Background: Balancing opioid stewardship and the need for adequate analgesia following discharge after surgery is challenging. This study aimed to compare the outcomes for patients discharged with opioid versus opioid-free analgesia after common surgical procedures.Methods: This international, multicentre, prospective cohort study collected data from patients undergoing common acute and elective general surgical, urological, gynaecological, and orthopaedic procedures. The primary outcomes were patient-reported time in severe pain measured on a numerical analogue scale from 0 to 100% and patient-reported satisfaction with pain relief during the first week following discharge. Data were collected by in-hospital chart review and patient telephone interview 1 week after discharge.Results: The study recruited 4273 patients from 144 centres in 25 countries; 1311 patients (30.7%) were prescribed opioid analgesia at discharge. Patients reported being in severe pain for 10 (i.q.r. 1-30)% of the first week after discharge and rated satisfaction with analgesia as 90 (i.q.r. 80-100) of 100. After adjustment for confounders, opioid analgesia on discharge was independently associated with increased pain severity (risk ratio 1.52, 95% c.i. 1.31 to 1.76; P < 0.001) and re-presentation to healthcare providers owing to side-effects of medication (OR 2.38, 95% c.i. 1.36 to 4.17; P = 0.004), but not with satisfaction with analgesia (beta coefficient 0.92, 95% c.i. -1.52 to 3.36; P = 0.468) compared with opioid-free analgesia. Although opioid prescribing varied greatly between high-income and low- and middle-income countries, patient-reported outcomes did not.Conclusion: Opioid analgesia prescription on surgical discharge is associated with a higher risk of re-presentation owing to side-effects of medication and increased patient-reported pain, but not with changes in patient-reported satisfaction. Opioid-free discharge analgesia should be adopted routinely
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