Spatial distribution of energy deposited in nitrogen by electrons

The spatial distribution of the energy deposited by kilovolt electrons moving through gaseous molecular nitrogen was measured. The range of electrons of initial energy 300 eV to 5 keV was obtained and can be expressed by the formula R=K1+K2EA1−K3EA2, where R is the range, E is the initial energy of the electrons, and Ki,Ai are constants. The range, in this energy interval, is greater than that determined by previous measurements. A source of error, not previously discussed, is considered. The energy region (above 1 keV) where the simpler expression R=KEA holds is discussed. It is shown that this is the energy region where the energy and range dependence of the energy deposition curve can be removed and a normalized, characteristic energy deposition curve λ can be obtained. The efficiency of conversion of electron energy at 1 keV and 280 μ pressure to energy of photons at 3914 Å was measured to be (0.28±0.03) %.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/69995/2/JCPSA6-64-2-743-1.pd

Measuring and modeling near surface reflected and emitted radiation fluxes at the FIFE site

Research was conducted during the four Intensive Field Campaigns (IFC) of the FIFE project in 1987. The research was done on a tall grass prairie with specific measurement sites on and near the Konza Prairie in Kansas. Measurements were made to help meet the following objectives: determination of the variability in reflected and emitted radiation fluxes in selected spectral wavebands as a function of topography and vegetative community; development of techniques to account for slope and sun angle effects on the radiation fluxes; estimation of shortwave albedo and net radiation fluxes using the reflected and emitted spectral measurements described; estimation of leaf and canopy spectral properties from calculated normalized differences coupled with off-nadir measurements using inversion techniques; estimation of plant water status at several locations with indices utilizing plant temperature and other environmental parameters; and determination of relationships between estimated plant water status and measured soil water content. Results are discussed

Comparison of Measured and Modeled Radiation, Heat, and Water Vapor Fluxes: Fife Pilot Study (CAMaC Progress Report 87-7)

Mémoire de fin d'étude du diplôme de conservateur d'Elydia Barret, promotion 22 portant sur les humanités numériques, publié par les Collections numériques de l’Enssib en janvier 2014 : http://www.enssib.fr/bibliotheque-numerique/notices/64711-quel-role-pour-les-bibliotheques-dans-les-humanites-numeriques Les humanités numériques sont nées au tournant du XXIe siècle avec l’arrivée de l’internet qui ouvre un nouveau chapitre dans l’histoire des rapports des technologies numériques et des scien..

Developing the accredited postgraduate assessment program for Fellowship of the Australian College of Rural and Remote Medicine

Introduction: Accreditation of the Australian College of Rural and Remote Medicine (ACRRM) as a standards and training provider, by the Australian Medical Council (AMC) in 2007, is the first time in the world that a peak professional organisation for rural and remote medical education has been formally recognised. As a consequence, the Australian Government provided rural and remote medicine with formal recognition under Medicare as a generalist discipline. This accreditation was based on the ability of ACRRM to meet the AMC's guidelines for its training and assessment program.\ud \ud Methods: The methodology was a six-step process that included: developing an assessment blueprint and a classification scheme; identifying an assessment model; choosing innovative summative and formative assessment methods that met the needs of rural and remote located medical practitioner candidates; 21 rural doctors and academics developing the assessment items as part of a week-long writing workshop; investigating the feasibility of purchasing assessment items; and 48 rural candidates piloting three of the assessment items to ensure they would meet the guidelines for national accreditation.\ud \ud Results: The project resulted in an innovative formative and summative assessment program that occurs throughout 4 years of vocational training, using innovative, reliable, valid and acceptable methods with educational impact. The piloting process occurred for 3 of the 6 assessment tools. Structured Assessment Using Multiple Patient Scenarios (StAMPS) is a new assessment method developed as part of this project. The StAMPS pilot found that it was reliable, with a generalisability coefficient of >0.76 and was a valid, acceptable and feasible assessment tool with desired educational impact. The multiple choice question (MCQ) examination pilot found that the applied clinical nature of the questions and their wide range of scenarios proved a very acceptable examination to the profession. The web based in-training assessment examination pilot revealed that it would serve well as a formative process until ACRRM can further develop their MCQ database.\ud \ud Conclusions: The ACRRM assessment program breaks new ground for assessing rural and remote doctors in Australia, and provides new evidence regarding how a comprehensive and contemporary assessment system can work within a postgraduate medical setting

Dissecting DNA Damage Responses in Arabidopsis: A High-Throughput Sequencing Approach

Cells are constantly bombarded with mutagens, both endogenous and exogenous in origin. Endogenous sources of mutation include reactive oxygen species formed during aerobic respiration, replication errors by DNA polymerase, and spontaneous deamination and depurination (Jackson 2009). Exogenous sources of mutation include UV and ionizing radiation, aflatoxins, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (i.e. compounds found in diesel exhaust and cigarette smoke). As a result, thousands of DNA lesions are created every day. Lesions can stall and impede DNA transcription and replication if they are not removed by DNA repair mechanisms or bypassed by replication. Phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3-K) related protein kinases (PIKKs) regulate the DNA damage response in cells (Cimprich 2008). Commonly referred to as the “sentries to the gate of genome stability,” ataxia-telangiectasia mutated (ATM) and ATM and RAD3-related (ATR) promote signaling, cell cycle arrest, and DNA repair in the face of DNA damage. Arabidopsis thaliana plants lacking ATR, when irradiated with UVB, incur elevated stem cell death in growing root tips (Furukawa 2010). Programmed cell death (PCD) is an important protective mechanism that restores tissue homeostasis in stem cell niches and prevents the accumulation of irreparably damaged cells in tissues, albeit with a delay in growth. Without ATR to stabilize damaged replication forks, double strand breaks (DSBs) occur where there is persistent ssDNA, and ATM or ATR (partially redundant in this signaling capacity) initiate repair or PCD if DSBs accumulate. In plants lacking both ATR and ATM, UV-B irradiation results in less stem cell death than in wild type plants. In attempts to cross atr[superscript -/-] plants with an EMS-mutagenized line, we discovered a root terminating phenotype which appears to be dependent on ATR and an unknown gene (ursu). We are using Illumina high-throughput genome sequencing and bioinformatic techniques to map the location of this additional gene

Prospectus, October 6, 1982

PROSPECTUS FOCUS ON VILLA GROVE; News Digest; Villa Grove looks ahead to future; Voter turnout appreciated; What\u27s your opinion on draft revitalization?: Draft dialogue wanted by student; Listeners available for PC students; Christian humorist appears; Guides needed; Addition bids out, construction to begin this fall; C-U Happenings...; Voter turnout doubled since last election; Loan funding may increase; Can you picture this?; Winter is comin, are you ready?; Three-year restoration project for historic \u27Sunnyside\u27; Growth and tradition mark Villa Grove\u27s 150 years; Classified; Places and Faces in Villa Grove; \u27Wouldn\u27t trade my life for the world,\u27 says bear trainer; Newton-John gives \u27love-filled performace\u27; Live sound makes for smokin\u27 rock; \u27Playboy\u27 sued over photo; Students, instructors cast in fall play; Security does more than give tickets; New seminar offers transfer; Community Calendar; Voices join in \u27Messiah\u27; Convocations sponsors films; Cougar has two in top ten; Are the NFL players holding fans for ransom?; Area seniors to visit PC Campus; Reps to appear at PC; Women\u27s team looking good, may reach finals; Fast Freddy Contest; More participation expected; Golf Scores; Cross Countryhttps://spark.parkland.edu/prospectus_1982/1009/thumbnail.jp

Tooth micro-hardness changes after applying bioactive glass-containing, anti-microbial sealants

The AAPD recommends placement of dental pit and fissure sealants on surfaces that are high risk or that already exhibit incipient carious lesions. Protection provided by sealants may be enhanced by the addition of ion-releasing, anti-microbial filler particles of bioactive glass. Objective: We prepared novel dental pit and fissure sealant materials containing bioactive glass (BAG) fillers and tested their ability to prevent tooth demineralization in a bacterial broth. Methods: Two types of BAG were synthesized in our lab: BAG1 (61 wt% silica - 31 wt% calcia - 4 wt% phosphate - 4 wt% flouride); and BAG2 (81 wt% silica - 11 wt% calcia - 4 wt% phosphate - 4 wt% flouride). Ultraseal XT (USXT) resin without filler was supplied by the manufacturer (Ultradent Products, Inc. South Jordan, UT). BAGs were individually incorporated into the resin (25 wt%) and provided handling properties similar to USXT. Caries-free teeth (n=5 each) were randomly assigned to three groups (BAG1-sealant, BAG2-sealant,or USXT) and sealants were placed by the same practitioner. Acid-resistant nail polish was used to cover half of the tooth surface. Teeth were immersed in a bacterial culture system of sucrose-rich brain-heart infusion (BHI) media containing Streptococcus mutans strain #25175, an acid-producing microbe and incubated at 37˚C, 5%CO2; media was changed every other day. Bacterial growth was confirmed throughout the test period. At two weeks, teeth were sectioned sagitally and microhardness testing compared changes in hardness as a function of location on the tooth. Results : Overall, the BAG2-sealant samples were significantly harder than the BAG1-sealant or USXT samples. Areas adjacent to the BAG2-sealant were harder than the original tooth surface. (ANOVA/Tukey’s; α=0.05). Conclusion: The inclusion of anti-bacterial, ion-releasing BAG as a filler component results in a harder tooth that may be better able to resist demineralization.This presentation was presented at the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) Pacific Division 93rd Annual Meeting in Boise, Idaho. It was also presented at the American Association for Dental Research Annual Conference in 2012 (AADR)

Analysis of α-synuclein species enriched from cerebral cortex of humans with sporadic dementia with Lewy bodies.

Since researchers identified α-synuclein as the principal component of Lewy bodies and Lewy neurites, studies have suggested that it plays a causative role in the pathogenesis of dementia with Lewy bodies and other 'synucleinopathies'. While α-synuclein dyshomeostasis likely contributes to the neurodegeneration associated with the synucleinopathies, few direct biochemical analyses of α-synuclein from diseased human brain tissue currently exist. In this study, we analysed sequential protein extracts from a substantial number of patients with neuropathological diagnoses of dementia with Lewy bodies and corresponding controls, detecting a shift of cytosolic and membrane-bound physiological α-synuclein to highly aggregated forms. We then fractionated aqueous extracts (cytosol) from cerebral cortex using non-denaturing methods to search for soluble, disease-associated high molecular weight species potentially associated with toxicity. We applied these fractions and corresponding insoluble fractions containing Lewy-type aggregates to several reporter assays to determine their bioactivity and cytotoxicity. Ultimately, high molecular weight cytosolic fractions enhances phospholipid membrane permeability, while insoluble, Lewy-associated fractions induced morphological changes in the neurites of human stem cell-derived neurons. While the concentrations of soluble, high molecular weight α-synuclein were only slightly elevated in brains of dementia with Lewy bodies patients compared to healthy, age-matched controls, these observations suggest that a small subset of soluble α-synuclein aggregates in the brain may drive early pathogenic effects, while Lewy body-associated α-synuclein can drive neurotoxicity

The orbital theory of Pleistocene climate: support from a revised chronology of the marine d18O record

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/230891291_The_Orbital_Theory_of_Pleistocene_Climate_Support_frim_a_Revised_Chronology_of_the_Marine_d18O_Recor