Microwave Drying of Surface Moisture of Boric Acid

Bor mineralleri, Türkiye’nin ihraç ettiği en önemli endüstriyel hammaddelerinden biridir. Ülkemiz, gerek bor minerallerinin sahip olduğu rezerv büyüklüğü, niteliği ve çeşitliliği açısından, gerekse işletme maliyeti ve tenör avantajları ile dünyada birinci sırada bulunmaktadır. Bu çalışmada borik asit numunelerinin yüzey nemi 2,45 GHz mikrodalga kaynak ile incelenmiştir. Deneyler 10g kütleli ve 120, 350, 460, 600, 700 W mikrodalga güçlerinde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Mikrodalga kullanarak borik asit numunesinin belli bir andaki nem içereğinin belirlemek amacıyla Page, Difüzyon yaklaşımı, Verma, Midilli ve Küçük, Henderson ve Pabis, İki Terimli Üstel modelleri birbirleri ile karşılaştırılmıştır. Deneysel verilerden nem içeriği ile kurutma süresi arasında bir ilişki elde etmek amacıyla Page, Difüzyon Yaklaşımı, Verma, Midilli ve Küçük, Henderson ve Pabis, İki Terimli Üstel olmak üzere istatistiksel olarak toplam altı model kıyaslanmıştır. Belirme katsayısı (r 2), standart tahmin hatası (SEE), kalanlarının karalerinin toplamı (RSS), ki kare ( χ 2 ) ve ortalama karesel hata (RMSE) değerlerine göre en uygun kurutma modeli Midilli ve Küçük model eşitliği bulunmuştur. Midilli ve Küçük modeli ile farklı çalışma modellerine ait özel k, a, b ve m katsayıları elde edilmiştir. Modelleme yeterliliği 0,9661 ile 0,9999 arasında değişmiştir. Bu mikrodalga kurutma prosesi borik asit kristallerinin bozunmasına ve parçalanmasına yol açmamaktadır. Borik asit numenelerinde bulunan kaba nemin ithalat, ihracat ve ürün tesliminde sorun olmamaması için mikrodalga ile kurutulması önerilmiştir.Boron minerals are one of the most important industrial raw materials exported by Turkey. In terms of the size of the reserves of boron minerals quality, operating cost and diversity of the boron minerals Turkey ranks the first in the world. Surface moisture of boric acid samples were examined in this study with 2.45 GHz microwave source. Experiments were carried out 10g sample mass at 120, 350, 460, 600 and 700 W microwave power. In order to determine the time of a particular card contents of boric acid sample using a microwave moisture Page, Diffusion Approximation, Verma, Midilli and Kucuk, Henderson and Pabis, Two Term Exponential models were compared with each other. The moisture content using the experimental data in order to provide a relationship between drying time, a total of four models, Page, Diffusion Approach, Verma including a Midilli and Kucuk were compared statistically. Regression coefficient (r 2), standard error of estimate (SEE), residual sum of squares (RSS), chi-square ( χ 2 ) and root mean square error (RMSE) optimal drying model based on the values of Midilli and Kucuk model equation parameters were found. The special coefficients m, a, b and k were obtained belonging to Midilli and Kucuk model and other different models. Regression coefficient ranged from 0.9661 to 0.9999. This microwave drying process does not lead to decomposition and disintegration of crystaline molecules. It was recommended that rough moisture present in boric acid was dried with microwave to avoid problems in import-export and delivering of the products

Acromioclavicular Joint Septic Arthritis Without Any Underlying Disease: A Case Report

Septic arthritis is an emergency disease. Early diagnosis and appropriate antibiotic therapy are important for preventing morbidity. The acromioclavicular joint is very rarely involved in septic arthritis. We report a case with acromioclavicular joint septic arthritis due to Staphylococcus aureus without any risk factor and the treatment of our patient with antibiotics for eight weeks

Experimental and finite element study of the thermal conductivity of alpha-SiAlON ceramics

dogan, battal/0000-0001-5542-4853; uzun, ibrahim/0000-0001-9725-2009WOS: 000251504300028The thermal conductivity of monolithic Y-Sm/alpha-SiAlON was evaluated using experimental data and finite element analysis. The thermal diffusivities of Y, Y-Dy, and Y-Ce/alpha-SiAlON ceramics were also investigated experimentally for comparison. The maximum achievable thermal conductivity of Y-Sm/alpha-SiAlON has been calculated by the linear extrapolation of the temperature-based experimental inverse diffusivity data and was used for the numerical calculations. Two-dimensional model microstructures were built on the base of real microstructure images and applied for calculations. Experimental data and numerical calculations were compared for Y-Sm/alpha-SiAlON, and it was revealed that both results are in good agreement

Morphology, Bioacoustics And Phylogeography Of The Isophya Major Group (Orthoptera : Tettigoniidae : Phaneropterinae): A Species Complex Occurring In Anatolia And Cyprus

The species of the Isophya major-group (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Phaneropterinae), are reviewed, L major Brunner von Wattenwyl and I. mavromoustakisi Uvarov are redescribed. Two new species are described; Isophya mersinensis Sevgili & Ciplak sp. n. and Isopkya salmani Sevgili & Heller sp. n. from south Anatolia. Illustrations of morphology and male calling song are provided and a detailed comparison of the four species in the group is presented. We conclude that these four species constitute a natural group in sharing mate cerci with two or more denticles not ordered in a line, a character unique to this species group within the genus. From an evaluation of their morphology and song characteristics, relationships among the species in the group are I. major + (I. mersinensis sp. n. + (I. salmani + I. mavromoustakisi). Based on the the distribution pattern and habitat preference, we concluded that the division of L salmani and I. mavromoustakisi was a vicariant event resulting from the separation of Cyprus and Anatolia due to reflooding of the Mediterranean after the Messinian salinity crisis at the beginning of the Pliocene, around 5 My ago.WoSScopu

Three-dimensional evaluation of nasal and pharyngeal airway after le fort I maxillary distraction osteogenesis

WOS: 000351966100008PubMed ID: 25475850The aims of this study were to evaluate volumetric changes in the nasal cavity (NC) and pharyngeal airway space (PAS) after Le Fort I maxillary distraction osteogenesis (MDO) using a three-dimensional (3D) simulation program, and to determine the effects of MDO on respiratory function during sleep with polysomnography (PSG). 3D computed tomography images were obtained and analyzed before surgery (T0) and at a mean 8.2 +/- 1.2 months postsurgery (T1) (SimPlant-OMS software) for 11 male patients (mean age 25.3 +/- 5.9 years) with severe skeletal class III anomalies related to maxillary retrognathia. The simulation of osteotomies and placement of distractors were performed on stereolithographic 3D models. NC and PAS were segmented separately on these models for comparison of changes between TO and T1. PSG including the apnoea hypopnoea index (AHI), sleep efficiency, sleep stages (weakness, stages 1-4, and rapid eye movement (REM)), and mean lowest arterial O-2 saturation were obtained at TO and T1 to investigate changes in respiratory function during sleep. MDO was successful in all cases as planned on the models; the average forward movement at A point was 10.2 mm. Increases in NC and PAS volume after MDO were statistically significant. These increases resulted in significant improvement in sleep quality. PSG parameters changed after MDO; AHI and sleep stages weakness, 1, and 2 decreased, whereas REM, stages 3 and 4, sleep efficiency, and mean O-2 saturation increased

The contribution of Anatolia to European phylogeography: The centre of origin of the meadow grasshopper, Chorthippus parallelus

Aim: Chorthippus parallelus is one of the classic model systems for studying genetic structure and phylogeography in the Western Palaearctic. Here, we investigate the regional genetic differentiation of C. parallelus and evaluate the historical and evolutionary processes responsible for such genetic structuring, test the nature of the Turkish Straits system as a barrier to dispersal, and explore the contribution of Anatolian populations to the biodiversity of the Western Palaearctic. Location: Western Palaearctic. Methods: We incorporated sequence data from dense sampling of the phylogeographically important Anatolian region with both previous and newly obtained data of the nuclear fragment cpnl-1 and the mitochondrial fragment COI-tRNALeu-COII. In total, 1049 sequences of cpnl-1 from 33 regions were analysed to investigate the genetic diversity, genetic structuring and phylogeography of C. parallelus across its distributional range. The mtDNA region was additionally used to test whether the Turkish Straits system acts as a barrier. Results: The analyses revealed that not all southern refugial populations of C. parallelus have contributed equally to the post-glacial recolonization of Europe. Four genetic clusters across the species' range were recovered: cluster A (eastern part of the Anatolian Diagonal); cluster B (western part of the Anatolian Diagonal); cluster C (Spain, Italy, southern Balkans, west part of Anatolia and Russia); and cluster D (covering the entire distributional range of the species). The Turkish Straits system has been a weak barrier to dispersal by C. parallelus, allowing gene flow from Anatolia to the Balkans. Main conclusions: The current patterns of genetic structuring of C. parallelus were best explained by multiple expansion and contraction events. Anatolia has been well connected to the Balkans, contributing genetically to the establishment of central and northern European populations prior to the Holocene. The Anatolian refugium is suggested to be the centre of origin for Western Palaearctic C. parallelus diversity rather than a Balkan refugium. © 2014 John Wiley & Sons Ltd