6,506 research outputs found
Residual Symmetries Applied to Neutrino Oscillations at NOA and T2K
The results previously obtained from the model-independent application of a
generalized hidden horizontal symmetry to the neutrino mass
matrix are updated using the latest global fits for the neutrino oscillation
parameters. The resulting prediction for the Dirac phase is in
agreement with recent results from T2K. The distribution for the Jarlskog
invariant has become sharper and appears to be approaching a particular
region. The approximate effects of matter on long baseline neutrino experiments
are explored, and it is shown how the weak interactions between the neutrinos
and the particles that make up the Earth can help to determine the mass
hierarchy. A similar strategy is employed to show how NOA and T2K could
determine the octant of . Finally, the exact
effects of matter are obtained numerically in order to make comparisons with
the form of the approximate solutions. From this analysis there emerges some
interesting features of the effective mass eigenvalues.Comment: 9 pages, 1 table, 17 figure
Temporal properties of short and long gamma-ray bursts
A temporal analysis was performed on a sample of 100 bright short GRBs with
T90 < 2s from the BATSE Current Catalog along with a similar analysis on 319
long bright GRBs with T90 > 2s from the same catalog. The short GRBs were
denoised using a median filter and the long GRBs were denoised using a wavelet
method. Both samples were subjected to an automated pulse selection algorithm
to objectively determine the effects of neighbouring pulses. The rise times,
fall times, FWHM, pulse amplitudes and areas were measured and their frequency
distributions are presented. The time intervals between pulses were also
measured. The frequency distributions of the pulse properties were found to be
similar and consistent with lognormal distributions for both the short and long
GRBs. The time intervals between the pulses and the pulse amplitudes of
neighbouring pulses were found to be correlated with each other. The same
emission mechanism can account for the two sub-classes of GRBs.Comment: 3 pages, 8 figures; Proceedings of "Gamma-Ray Burst and Afterglow
Astronomy 2001", Woods Hol
Transport policy and health inequalities: a health impact assessment of Edinburgh's transport policy
Health impact assessment (HIA) can be used to examine the relationships between inequalities and health. This HIA of Edinburgh's transport policy demonstrates how HIA can examine how different transport policies can affect different population groupings to varying degrees.
In this case, Edinburgh's economy is based on tourism, financial services and Government bodies. These need a good transport infrastructure, which maintains a vibrant city centre. A transport policy that promotes walking, cycling and public transport supports this and is also good for health.
The HIA suggested that greater spend on public transport and supporting sustainable modes of transport was beneficial to health, and offered scope to reduce inequalities. This message was understood by the City Council and influenced the development of the city's transport and land-use strategies. The paper discusses how HIA can influence public policy
Determinants of Primary Group Assistance During Unemployment
In recent years much research attention has been given to the role of primary groups in ameliorating stressful life events. However, little is known about what factors determine the amount of assistance people receive from relatives and friends during a situation of crisis. This is the focus of the present study. The data base is a sample of public sector workers who were involuntarily laid off from their jobs.
The data revealed that respondents received considerable assistance from parents and friends--the two primary group types included in the analysis--during the period of unemployment. Objective economic deprivation, indexed by the difference in family income during and before the period of unemployment was not a major factor in how much assistance was received. But the response to unemployment measured by cutbacks in personal consumption was significantly related to receiving assistance. Age was an important determinant of parental assistance but not assistance from friends. Frequency of social contact with parents and friends were also important determinants of the amount of assistance received. The implications of the findings are discussed
Practical Implementation of Multiple Model Adaptive Estimation Using Neyman-Pearson Based Hypothesis Testing and Spectral Estimation Tools
This study investigates and develops various modifications to the Multiple Model Adaptive Estimation (MMAE) algorithm. The standard MMAE uses a bank of Kalman filters, each based on a different model of the system. Each of the filters predict the system response, based on its system model, to a given input and form the residual difference between the prediction and sensor measurements of the system response. Model differences in the input matrix, output matrix, and state transition matrix, which respectively correspond to an actuator failure, sensor failure, and an incorrectly modeled flight condition for a flight control failure application, were investigated in this research. An alternative filter bank structure is developed that uses a linear transform on the residual from a single Kalman filter to produce the equivalent residuals of the other Kalman filters in the standard MMAE. A Neyman Pearson based hypothesis testing algorithm is developed that results in significant improvement in failure detection performance when compared to the standard hypothesis testing algorithm. Hypothesis testing using spectral estimation techniques is also developed which provides superior failure identification performance at extremely small input levels
The Piccolo in the 21st Century: History, Construction, and Modern Pedagogical Resources
The piccolo and the flute have the same origin and share similar historical developments; however, they require different approaches to attain high levels of proficiency. The flute benefits from a well-documented history of construction, a lineage of pedagogy, and a vast repertoire while the piccolo has not shared the same prestige. Initially utilized as military instrument and seen as an auxiliary instrument by many, the piccolo has become an integral part of the modern orchestra. Unfortunately, the piccolo did not receive the same pedagogical attention as the flute until more recently. With the limited availability of piccolo teachers and reliable method books, most players have had to learn to play the piccolo on their own. It is only in the last few decades that the piccolo has become a respected solo and chamber instrument prompting the development of method books and teachers specializing in the piccolo.;In the early 1970s, growth in the solo repertoire for the piccolo and the desire of performers to specialize on the instrument produced master piccolo teachers who are now publishing methods for the instrument. These specialists have been promoting the piccolo\u27s prominence in the new millennium and inspiring the next generation of piccolo players to specialize. The purpose of this document is to provide both teachers and students with a reference that includes a broad understanding of the historical use and mechanical development of the piccolo as well as an annotated bibliography of piccolo articles and research
Failure Identification using Multiple Model Adaptive Estimation for the LAMBDA Flight Vehicle
This study develops and investigates the performance of a Multiple Model Adaptive Estimator (MMAE) to detect and identify control surface and sensor failures on the LAMBDA flight vehicle (a URV developed by Wright Laboratories). The MMAE uses a bank of Kalman filters that predict the aircraft response to a given input, with each filter model based on a different failure hypothesis, and then forms the residual difference between the prediction and sensor measurements for each filter. The MMAE uses these residuals to determine the probabilities of the failures that are modeled by the Kalman filters. Initially the MMAE identified all these failures within 4 seconds of onset. Various performance improvement techniques were researched and the identification time was reduced to less than 2 seconds after failure onset. This improvement was mostly due to an increase in the penalty for measurement differences, and through returning of the Kalman filters. The MMAE performance was tested at the boundaries of the LAMBDA flight envelope, with good performance found at points close to the design flight condition. The performance at points that were far from the design flight condition indicates that gain scheduling is required to provide adequate performance across the entire envelope
Establishing the potential for using routine data on Incapacity Benefit to assess the local impact of policy initiatives
<i>Background</i>: Incapacity Benefit (IB) is the key contributory benefit for people who are incapable of work because of illness or disability.
<i>Methods</i>: The aims were to establish the utility of routinely collected data for local evaluation and to provide a descriptive epidemiology of the IB population in Glasgow and Scotland for the period 2000ā05 using data supplied by the Department for Work and Pensions.
<i>Results</i>: Glasgow's IB population is large in absolute and relative terms but is now falling, mainly due to a decrease in on flow. Claimants, tend to be older, have a poor work history and suffer from mental health problems. The rate of decline has been greater in Glasgow than Scotland, although the rate of on flow is still higher.
<i>Conclusions</i>: Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) data can be used locally to provide important insights into the dynamics of the IB population. However, to be truly useful, more work needs to be undertaken to combine the DWP data with other information
I\u27d Love To Be A Monkey In The Zoo
https://digitalcommons.library.umaine.edu/mmb-vp/4654/thumbnail.jp
The Host Galaxy of GRB980703 at Radio Wavelengths - a Nuclear Starburst in a ULIRG
We present radio observations of GRB980703 at 1.43, 4.86, and 8.46 GHz for
the period of 350 to 1000 days after the burst. These radio data clearly
indicate that there is a persistent source at the position of GRB980703 with a
flux density of approximately 70 Jy at 1.43 GHz, and a spectral index,
, where . We show that emission
from the afterglow of GRB980703 is expected to be one to two orders of
magnitude fainter, and therefore cannot account for these observations. We
interpret this persistent emission as coming from the host galaxy --- the first
example of a gamma-ray burst (GRB) host detection at radio wavelengths. We show
that emission from an AGN is unlikely, and find that it can be explained as a
result of a star-formation rate (SFR) of massive stars (M>5M) of 90
M/yr, which gives a total SFR of M/yr. Using the
correlation between the radio and far-IR (FIR) luminosities of star-forming
galaxies, we find that the host of GRB980703 is at the faint end of the class
of Ultra Luminous Infrared Galaxies (ULIRGs), with L_{FIR}\sim few\times
10^{12} L. From the radio measurements of the offset between the burst
and the host, and the size of the host, we conclude that GRB980703 occurred
near the center of the galaxy in a region of maximum star formation. A
comparison of the properties of this galaxy with radio and optical surveys at a
similar redshift () reveals that the host of GRB980703 is an
average star-forming galaxy. This result has significant implications for the
potential use of a GRB-selected galaxy sample for the study of galaxies and the
IGM at high redshifts.Comment: Submitted to Ap
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